Effects of diel period and tow duration on estuarine fauna sampled with a beam trawl over bare sediment: Consequences for designing more reliable and efficient surveys     

Douglas Rotherham  Charles A. GrayDaniel D. Johnson  Paul Lokys 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

The effects of diel period and tow duration (5, 10 and 20 min) on samples of estuarine fauna in a beam trawl, were tested over bare sediment in Tuggerah Lake (New South Wales, Australia). Mean catch rates (numbers of fish caught 5 min⁻¹) were significantly larger at night for the total numbers of individuals and abundant, economically important species of fish and invertebrates (e.g. Gerres subfasciatus, Metapenaeus macleayi, Penaeus plebejus). Greater proportions of larger fish were also caught at night for some species (e.g. G. subfasciatus, Acanthopagrus australis, Rhabdosargus sarba), but not across all tow durations. Multivariate analyses detected dissimilarities in the composition and structure of assemblages between diel periods, which were driven by species caught predominately, or in larger proportions, at night. Short tows (5 min) were more efficient than longer tows (10 or 20 min) for sampling the diversity of species (i.e. most species were caught in the first 5 min of a tow). There were, however, no clear or consistent patterns relating to the effect of tow duration on the catch rates of other variables, the size ranges of abundant species, or the structure and composition of assemblages. Our data confirm that at night, bare sediment is an important habitat for a wide size- and species-range of estuarine fish and invertebrates. In future, more cost-effective and reliable information concerning these taxa would be achieved by sampling with the beam trawl at night, using tow durations of 5 min. We also highlight a problem inherent in the design of many studies of diel variation of fauna (i.e. the potential non-independence of data among day and night periods) and discuss its solution.  相似文献   

Effects of geomorphological zones, reefs and seasons on coral reef fish communities of Réunion Island, Mascarene Archipelago, SW Indian Ocean     

Yves Letourneur  Jean-Claude Gaertner  Jean-Pierre Durbec  Marie E. Jessu 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,77(4):697-709

The present work analyses the spatial and temporal fluctuations of fish communities on Réunion coral reef flats on three different reefs, each comprising three geomorphological zones, over eight seasons within a 6-year period. These three reefs are subjected to different environmental conditions and displayed various percentages of live coral cover. Our objectives were not only to describe the spatio-temporal patterns, but also to organize the factors involved in variation hierarchically, and to quantify the degree of community structuring that could be monitored over various spatial and temporal scales. We also focus on fish guilds to link the spatio-temporal patterns not only to species but also to the roles fish are playing (mainly involving trophic activity). We found that spatial attributes strongly determined fish distribution, with intra-reefal zones (back-reef, inner reef flat and outer reef flat) playing a much more important role than the different reefs. This suggests that the percentage of live coral cover of a given reef was less significant than its morpho-structural organization to explain fish distribution. Seasons had only a weak role in fish distribution, although fish communities were significantly more homogeneous in winter than in summer, possibly due to the arrival of numerous juveniles belonging to various species during summer settlement events. We also identified a marked temporal persistence of the spatial patterns found over the course of the study. This is discussed in relation to the current trend of increased surface seawater temperatures involved in the possible future increase in number/intensity of ENSO events. We consider the average squared Euclidian distance as a candidate for monitoring tools to quantify future changes in fish community structuring.  相似文献   

渔业资源分布图批处理算法Arcgis二次开发的实现     

于杰  李永振  黄洪辉  陈国宝  李因强 《海岸工程》2008,27(2):52-57

基于Arcgis内置的VBA语言平台，实现一种渔业资源分布图批处理算法。该方法的主要特点是实现了对海量渔获数据自动批处理制图，平均绘图速度达到2s／幅，与手工绘图相比大大提高了工作效率。绘图结果清晰易读，可用于分析渔获物的数量分布和季节变化特征，如有多年统计资料，还可用于中心渔场预报研究，并可为渔业资源开发、利用和保护提供决策支持。  相似文献   

对剪切带内眼球体透镜体花岗岩体成因的思考     

李强 《河南国土资源》2000,(3)

在剪切带中相当大一部分的钾长石眼球体、云母鱼和花岗岩的透镜体 ,并非是动力变质过程中原岩的矿物或原岩本身的残留体 ,而是在剪切带内部引张区域的动力分异作用的产物。这些产物有三种尺度 :矿物尺度、矿物集合体尺度、岩体尺度。这三种尺度的产物具有形态、成分、产生部位和形成环境的相似性。在以上认识的基础上 ,该文对眼球体的拖尾现象、云母鱼及造山带的S型花岗岩体的成因 ,作了进一步的探讨  相似文献   

Trophic ecology of bottom fishes assemblage along coastal areas of Thailand     

Sukree Hajisamae 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Food preferences, feeding attributes, trophic guilds, and ontogenetic changes in diet compositions of 45 fish species collected along coastal waters in the southern areas of the South China Sea, Thailand were examined. Most species had high food intake and fed on specific ranges of food types. Shrimp was the most important food (31.7%), followed by calanoid copepod (16.8%), fish (12.7%) and gammarid amphipod (8.3%). These fishes can be categorized into six different trophic guilds and further divided into four categories namely; piscivore, zooplanktivore, zoobenthivore and miscellaneous/opportunist. Numbers of feeding guilds at each depth vary between four and five. Four of these are consistently found throughout the year at all zones; shrimp predator, piscivore, calanoid copepod feeder and a combination of polychaete and other food feeders. Ontogenetic studies indicate that fishes are more likely to group according to species rather than size. This scientific information is important when examining the complex association between fishes and identifying groups of species using similar resources.  相似文献   

金枪鱼油的精炼工艺对脂肪酸组成的影响     

刘书成章超桦  洪鹏志吉宏武 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(1):40-44

粗鱼油通过精炼可以除去非甘油三酯杂质成分，研究表明黄鳍金枪鱼鱼油精炼的工艺参数为：800g，L的H3PO4脱胶，添加量为油量的1％（体积分数）；300g／L的Na0H脱酸，添加量为油量的2％（体积分数）；活性土脱色。添加量为油量的10％（质量分数）；85℃下减压蒸馏脱臭15min。经过精炼，鱼油呈淡黄色，澄清透明，有淡鱼腥昧，理化指标达到鱼油SC/T3502—2000标准的精制鱼油一级要求，精制鱼油中PUFA的总含量（w）达37．06％，DHA和EPA含量（w）分别为25．10％和4．45％。  相似文献   

Evaluation of the damage in fish spermatozoa cryopreservation   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李军刘清华  张士璀 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2006,24(4):370-377

Cryodamages occur during sperm cryopreservation. Cryopreservation of fish sperm usually results in marked decrease in sperm quality, such as swelling or disruption of the plasma membrane, mitochondrial dysfunction, diminished sperm motility, impaired velocity, shorter motility period, denaturation, and release of some enzymes from spermatozoa. In this paper, damages in morphology, physiology, biochemistry and metabolism, and genetic integrity of fish semen after cryopreservation are discussed. New approaches in assessment of fish thawed sperm quality such as computer assisted sperm analysis, flow cytometic analysis combined with fluorescent probes and single cell gel electrophoresis are also briefly reviewed.  相似文献   

Coexistence in North Sea fish communities: implications for growth and natural mortality   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gislason  Henrik; Pope  John G.; Rice  Jake C.; Daan  Niels 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2008,65(4):514-530

  相似文献   

Sex determination mechanisms in fish     

Quanqi Zhang  Xiaohua Sun  Jie Qi  Zhigang Wang  Xinglian Wang  Xubo Wang  Teng Zhai 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(2):155-160

In fish, sex determination (SD) system shows high variation. The SD mechanisms include environmental and genetic regulation. The research on SD system and related genes in intensively studied fish species was reviewed. Although some genes have been described as sex-related, only DMRTlbY can be considered as a master sex determination gene and none of them has been util-ized in aquaculture. The variation of fish SD system, the importance of sex-related genes in evolution research and the relations be-tween environmental factors and sex-related genes were also discussed. The fish sex determination mechanism remains largely un-known. Further research needs to be done considering the significance of fish SD studies in basic and applied aspects.  相似文献   

繁茂膜海绵对工厂化养鱼水体微生物净化作用的初步研究     

蒲红宇  唐玲  张弼  张喜昌 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(4):41-45

在大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)工厂化养殖废水中接种繁茂膜海绵(Hymeniacidon perleve),并将繁茂膜海绵与大菱鲆同池养殖,研究繁茂膜海绵对大菱鲆工厂化养鱼水体微生物的净化作用。结果表明,接种量为7 mg/L繁茂膜海绵经过8、16、24、32、40、48 h对养鱼废水中细菌总数的清除率分别为23.18%、47.65%、66.09%、81.57%、93.80%、98.96%;对弧菌的清除率分别为48.61%、56.44%、78.13%、92.88%、97.10%、98.56%;对大肠杆菌的清除率分别为39.51%、41.90%、73.24%、92.29%、97.69%、99.14%,将繁茂膜海绵以7 mg/L的生物量与大菱鲆同池养殖24 h,水体中细菌总数、弧菌和大肠杆菌的清除率分别为61.38%、50.34%、93.47%。  相似文献