Evaluating impacts of pulse fishing on the effectiveness of seasonal closure     

邢磊  陈勇  张崇良  李拜  Yunne-Jai Shin  任一平 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(4):89-99

Seasonal fishing closures are often used in fisheries management to conserve overfished stocks.As one of the unintended consequences,fishermen often contend for maximizing catches immediately after reopening fisheries.The resultant large catch landings in a short time period(i.e.,pulse fishing)may undermine the benefit of closure.We implemented an end-to-end model OSMOSE-JZB(Object-oriented Simulator of Marine ec OSystem Exploitation OSMOSE)modelling ecosystem in the Jiaozhou Bay located in China to evaluate the impact of pulse fishing on the effectiveness of seasonal closure at levels of fish community,population,and individual.Our study demonstrated that the three-month closure was successful in conserving fish stocks.There were small variations on ecological indicators(i.e.,total biomass of the community,mean trophic level of the community,mean trophic level of the catch,and Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index)when pulse fishing occurred.Pulse fishing seemed not to result in a great shift in community structure.Compared to other species,the biomass of two large predatory fishes were more susceptible to pulse fishing.Pulse fishing could change the pressure of predators to fish stocks via food webs,especially for young individuals.Our simulations indicate that we can improve the effectiveness of seasonal closure by managing pulse fishing.Although the results derived in this study may be specific to the target ecosystem,the general approach is applicable to other ecosystems when evaluating fishing impacts.  相似文献   

我国主要海洋捕捞政策对浙江省海洋捕捞业的影响探究          下载免费PDF全文

辛艺  俞存根  菅康康  刘惠  张佩怡  刘坤 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(5):25-31

随着海洋渔业资源的不断衰退,为了保护渔业资源、推动海洋渔业的可持续发展,自20世纪70年代后期,我国出台了许多海洋捕捞相关政策。文章从投入控制制度、产出控制制度和技术控制制度3个角度出发,以捕捞许可制度、捕捞限额管理和伏季休渔制度等政策为重点,通过整理1980—2017年浙江省渔业经济的相关资料,从海洋捕捞渔船数量和功率、海洋捕捞产量、渔业劳动力数量变化3个方面,深入分析浙江省海洋捕捞现状,提出了完善现有的海洋捕捞政策、加强渔业执法管理力量、加强普法宣传、建立渔业资源调查与评估体系、帮助捕捞从业人员转产转业等对策建议,以期为我国海洋捕捞管理部门提供决策参考。  相似文献   

省直管县改革背景下地级市空间溢出效应对县域产业结构的影响     

赵建吉  王艳华  王珏  苗长虹 《地理学报》2020,75(2):286-301

地级市空间溢出效应对于县域产业结构产生重要影响,评估这种影响对于深化省直管县体制改革具有重要的理论和政策意义。在对河南省直管县体制改革历程及省直管县（市）特点进行分析的基础上,通过构建县域产业结构的计量模型,采用2004—2016年河南省县级单元的相关数据,研究了直管县体制改革带来的不同类型扩权以及省直管县（市）所在地级市溢出效应对于县域产业结构的影响,并通过省直管县（市）的深度访谈进行了验证。研究表明：① 经济管理权限的下放加快了县域第三产业的增长,而社会管理权限的下放则全面抑制了所有产业的产出水平。② 农业和非农产业受到所在地级市溢出效应的影响是相反的,经济管理权限的下放会加剧溢出效应。越是相对欠发达的县域,农业受到的涓滴效应越明显;越是相对欠发达的县域,非农产业受到的极化效应越明显,且第三产业比第二产业更为显著;③ 宜对更多县域下放经济管理权限,但对社会管理权限的下放则应慎重。地级市发展水平较高和较低的地区,应当分别选择农业比重较高的县域和非农产业发展基础较好的县域推进省直管县体制改革。  相似文献   

Characterization of the infralittoral system along the north-east Spanish coast based on sport shore-based fishing tournament catches     

Ana Gordoa 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

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Trade measures and the combat of IUU fishing: Institutional interplay and effective governance in the Northeast Atlantic     

Olav Schram Stokke 《Marine Policy》2009

The use of trade measures to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Northeast Atlantic has evolved from unilateral denial of the landing of fish taken outside international quota arrangements to a multilateral Scheme of Control and Enforcement under the North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC). International trade rules have not constrained this development, mostly due to successful management of the interplay between international resource management and trade regimes. States protect resource management objectives from such constraint by inserting clauses that establish a normative hierarchy, or they employ various means for adapting IUU measures to the ‘environmental window’ of the global trade regime. The fact that regional states have introduced trade restrictions only when non-restrictive or less restrictive measures have failed enhances such compatibility, as do the gradual shift from unilateral to multilateral measures and the rise in transparency, openness and target-state involvement. None of those features reduces the effectiveness of regional trade measures; they minimize tension with trade commitments and largely strengthen their clout in the struggle to combat IUU fishing in the Northeast Atlantic.  相似文献   

智利外海竹筴鱼中心渔场时空变动的初步研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

牛明香  李显森  徐玉成 《海洋科学》2009,33(11):105-110

根据2005年3～12月14艘中国渔船在智利外海的竹筴鱼生产统计数据和卫星遥感反演的海表温度、叶绿素浓度,分析智利外海竹筴鱼中心渔场的时空变动以及渔场与环境因子的关系.结果表明,随着南半球秋季转入冬季,竹筴鱼中心渔场相应地由南向北、由东向西推移,10月份渔场达到最北端,春末夏初开始南撤;智利外海竹筴鱼渔场的表层水温大致为12～16℃,中心渔场为14～15℃,月间略有差异;渔场的叶绿素质量浓度大致为0.06～0.12 mg/m~3,当渔场的叶绿素质量浓度处于0.08～0.10 mg/m~3时,渔船作业频次和竹筴鱼产量最高.  相似文献   

外来种互花米草对中国海滨湿地生态系统的影响评价及对策   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

袁红伟  李守中  郑怀舟  方舟易 《海洋通报》2009,28(6)

互花米草是出于保滩护岸的目的被引入中国的,现在已经成为中国滨海湿地重要的植被,对原有的湿地生态系统产生了重要影响。结合目前的资料和研究成果,介绍了互花米草的基本特征和在中国的引种扩散过程;从生物学条件、自然因素、人为因素等角度分析其在中国的扩散原因;探讨互花米草在中国滨海湿地的生态功能,评价其对滨海湿地环境、生物多样性、生态系统总体等方面的影响;综诉当前控制措施的研究进展并总结了相应的对策。提出对互花米草生态功能的评价要因时因地进行,关于其生态效益、控制措施和综合利用等方面的研究需进一步深入。  相似文献   

Causes and consequences of life-history variation in North American stocks of Pacific cod     

Ormseth  Olav A.; Norcross  Brenda L. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2009,66(2):349-357

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Spatially resolved fish population analysis for designing MPAs: influence on inside and neighbouring habitats     

Christensen  Asbjorn; Mosegaard  Henrik; Jensen  Henrik 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2009,66(1):56-63

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Temporal variability of micro- and nanoplankton in the German Bight in relation to hydrographic structure and nutrient changes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hickel  Wolfgang 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(4):600-609

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