Evaluation of the Urban Tile in MOSES using Surface Energy Balance Observations     

M. J. Best  C. S. B. Grimmond  Maria Gabriella Villani 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2006,118(3):503-525

The UK Met Office has introduced a new scheme for its urban tile in MOSES 2.2 (Met Office Surface Exchange Scheme version 2.2), which is currently implemented within the operational Met Office weather forecasting model. Here, the performance of the urban tile is evaluated in two urban areas: the historic core of downtown Mexico City and a light industrial site in Vancouver, Canada. The sites differ in terms of building structures and mean building heights. In both cases vegetation cover is less than 5%. The evaluation is based on surface energy balance flux measurements conducted at approximately the blending height, which is the location where the surface scheme passes flux data into the atmospheric model. At both sites, MOSES 2.2 correctly simulates the net radiation, but there are discrepancies in the partitioning of turbulent and storage heat fluxes between predicted and observed values. Of the turbulent fluxes, latent heat fluxes were underpredicted by about one order of magnitude. Multiple model runs revealed MOSES 2.2 to be sensitive to changes in the canopy heat storage and in the ratio between the aerodynamic roughness length and that for heat transfer (temperature). Model performance was optimum with heat capacity values smaller than those generally considered for these sites. The results suggest that the current scheme is probably too simple, and that improvements may be obtained by increasing the complexity of the model.  相似文献   

多目标地球化学勘查样品分析方法配套方案   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

叶家瑜  张蕾 《地质通报》2006,25(6):41-744

对20世纪80年代全国区域化探扫面工作以来各大区、省、市地质实验室所研制的54种元素的不同分析方法进行对比研究,并与国际上所采用的分析方法进行类比,提出了适合中国国情的4套分析配套方案.  相似文献   

北京市大兴区地下水资源开采潜力分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王晓红  刘文臣 《城市地质》2006,1(1)

本文根据不同含水岩组的水量、水质和水温特征,分析了大兴区地下水资源的开采潜力,提出了地下水开发利用建议,为大兴区城市规划、城市供水方案提供依据。  相似文献   

Sensitivity Study of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon in 1998 to Different Cumulus Parameterization Schemes     

LIU Yanju  DING Yihui 《大气科学进展》2007,24(3)

In this study, the improved high-resolution regional climate model of the China National Climate Center (RegCM_NCC) is used to examine the sensitivity of the simulated circulation and rainfall during the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) period during 1998 in an effort to compare to other cumulus parameterization schemes. The investigation has indicated that the model is capable of simulating the seasonal march of the SCSSM and that the results were very sensitive to the choice of cumulus parameterization schemes. It seems that the Kuo cumulus parameterization scheme simulates the process of the SCSSM onset reasonably well, which can reproduce the onset timing and dramatic changes before and after the onset, especially the upper- and lower-level wind-fields. However, there are still some discrepancies between the simulations and observations. For example, the model can not completely simulate the intensity of the rainfall or the location of the western Pacific subtropical high as well as the feature of the rapid northward propagation of seasonal rain belt.  相似文献   

三角形网格下求解二维浅水方程的和谐Godunov格式   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

潘存鸿 《水科学进展》2007,18(2):204-209

为保证计算格式的和谐性,通过特殊的底坡源项处理技术,在三角形网格上建立了求解二维浅水流动方程的具有空间二阶精度的Godunov格式。应用准确Riemann解求解法向数值通量,用改正的干底Riemann解处理动边界问题。经典型算例和钱塘江河口涌潮计算验证,表明模型健全,分辨率高,具有较大的推广应用价值。  相似文献   

水库渗流影响文物遗址安全发掘研究——以湖南里耶秦代古城遗址为例     

刘成禹  何满潮 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2007,18(4):88-92

与古遗址相邻的江、河由于后期的工程活动,如水库、大坝的修建和蓄水,水位上升,将对遗址区地下水的运动规律及渗流场产生较大影响。在其影响下,古遗址可能产生各种环境地质灾害并对其发掘安全产生不利影响。论文以国家重点文物——湖南里耶秦代古城遗址安全发掘深度研究为例,在分析水库蓄水诱发的环境地质灾害的基础上,对遗址在不同库水位下的安全发掘深度及发掘方案进行了研究,提出了保障发掘安全的工程措施。研究成果为国家重点文物的保护和进一步发掘提供了科学依据。对类似文物工程的保护和发掘具有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

利用WRF对兰州冬季大气边界层的数值模拟   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

缪国军  张镭  舒红 《气象科学》2007,27(2):169-175

本文介绍了WRF中尺度模式的有关概况,分析了模式的物理结构,并利用WRF中尺度模式对河谷城市兰州冬季大气边界层的风场和温度场进行了数值模拟研究。模拟结果与观测事实基本一致,表明WRF模式具有良好的稳定性能。  相似文献   

新旧国家标准地理信息分类体系的对比分析     

张雪英  闾国年 《地理空间信息》2007,5(6):20-23

从分类体系和语义一致性两个方面,利用定性和定量分析的方法,对比分析了新旧国家标准地理信息分类体系之间的差异,指出了新标准存在的主要问题,并提出了一些可行性的修改意见。  相似文献   

中国太古宙   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙大中 《地球化学》1998,27(4):309-318

根据最近10多年来中国太古宙岩石同位素地质年代学新数据和中国太古宙岩石三个主要分布地区冀东、辽东和吉林南部、太行山-五台山的时间-地层图及其对比情况,认为尚无足够的证据支持中国太古宙四分,三分方案更适合于中国太古宙的情况：约2．9Ga可以作为晚、中太古代的界线,而3.5Ga作为中、早太古代界线尚不很明晰。  相似文献   

The numerical simulation on the PBL structure and its evolution over small-scale concave terrain     

Shi Yong  Jiang Weimei 《大气科学进展》1998,15(1):99-106

A high-resolution, nonhydrostatic, three-dimensional diagnostic PBL model over small-scale concave terrain was established in this paper. A two-dimensional prognostic model was developed based on the diagnostic model. The hydrostatic approximation was abandoned and the simple energy (E-ε) closure scheme was used in both mod-els. Using the two models, characteristics of PBL structure and its evolution were fully studied. The main characteris-tic of the PBL is the circulation, and it fairly affects the distribution of the pollutant in the pit.  相似文献