基于粗糙集与BP神经网络的底板破坏深度预测          下载免费PDF全文

崔凯 《山东国土资源》2016,32(1)

基于粗糙集理论,以指标集为基础,建立了底板破坏深度影响因素的知识表达系统,提出了规则提取原则,通过粗糙集决策规则的数据处理,得出获得各因素对底板破坏深度的影响顺序为:采深、煤层倾角、工作面斜长、采厚、底板抗破坏能力、工作面是否有切穿型断层或破碎带。由于底板抗破坏能力、工作面是否有切穿型断层或破碎带这些参数难以确定,采用其余4种影响因素建立BP神经网络的预测模型,并根据建立的模型预测肥城煤田的9101和9507工作面的底板破坏深度。通过与实测结果对比,证明该网络模型的计算结果比规程提供的经验公式计算结果更接近实际。  相似文献   

海洋CSEM法探测二维海底天然气水合物响应特征     

王启 《江苏地质》2016,40(4):690-694

针对海底天然气水合物开展了可控源电磁探测法(Controlled-source Electromagnetic Method,CSEM)响应研究,根据实际地质资料设计二维地电模型并进行正演计算,讨论了频率变化对CSEM响应结果的影响以及海底地形起伏时的CSEM响应特征。综合天然气水合物二维正演模拟结果,论证了海洋CSEM探测海底天然气水合物的可行性,研究成果可为今后的海底天然气水合物勘探提供技术支持。  相似文献   

Species richness of the genus Molgolaimus (Nematoda) from local to ocean scale along continental slopes     

Gustavo Fonseca  Agnes W. Muthumbi  & Ann Vanreusel 《Marine Ecology》2007,28(4):446-459

This study investigated the distribution of Molgolaimus species (Nematoda) at different hierarchical spatial scales and observed the turnover of species along bathymetrical transects and among transects in two separate geographical regions. Samples from six transects (200–2000 m) from the Southern Oceans (SO) and four bathymetric transects (50–2000 m) from the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) were compared. Of the 30 species recorded, only one was common to both regions. WIO had higher local species richness than the SO. In both regions, the local scale was the greatest contributor to the total species richness. In the SO, there was no difference between species turnover at the different spatial scales, however, in the WIO, the turnover along bathymetrical transects was higher than among separated transects. For the particular genus studied, the evidence suggests that the study area in WIO has more widespread species and was better sampled, while the SO has many restricted species and it is most probably characterized by different biogeographical provinces. At the ocean scale (i.e. WIO versus SO), evolutionary histories may have strongly influenced nematodes species composition, while at local and regional scales, ecological processes are probably promoting species co‐existence and speciation. The high co‐existence of certain species at local scale is partially explained by species preference for different sediment layers.  相似文献   

Non-destructive porosity determinations of antarctic marine sediments derived from resistivity measurements with an inductive method     

S. Gerland  M. Richter  H. Villinger  G. Kuhn 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1993,15(3):201-218

The fractional porosity of marine sediments is one of the fundamental index properties of rocks. For the determination of porosity a nondestructive, inductive method was used on unsplit sediment cores. The results were compared with galvanically measured resistivities using a miniature Wenner array on split cores. The measurements agree well except for cores with high clay content where measurement frequency related effects cause a resistivity difference of about 10%. Porosities were derived from resistivities using a published resistivity-porosity relationship by Boyce (1968) and compared with sample porosities. A comparison of both data sets shows good agreement.  相似文献   

海底地质勘查现代技术方法的应用现状及发展趋势   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

王志雄  高平  莫杰 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2002,22(2):109-114

概述了当今海底地质勘查现代技术的应用现状及发展趋势,主要包括高精度全球定位系统。海底地形测深系统,海洋水声,声层析技术,海底取样技术,深潜器技术和海底天然气水合物资源探测技术等,特别是20世纪90年代国家“863”计划海洋领域“海洋探查与资源开发技术”主题研究,研制和开发取得的一系列高技术成果。  相似文献   

应力-应变过程中海底沉积物微结构变化对其声速的影响   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

李赶先  卢博  黄韶健  刘叔灼 《海洋学报》2002,24(3):75-80

阐述了对海底沉积物样品在应力-应变过程中进行同步声学测量的实验工具及方法,分析了采自南海45个站位的海底沉积物样品的实验数据资料,结果表明,沉积物颗粒越粗、孔隙越小、无侧限抗压强度越大,声速越高.沉积物样品在受力应变过程中,声速具有明显的随应力而变化的特征.进一步探讨了不同应变阶段沉积物的声学特征以及应力所导致沉积物微结构变化对其声速的影响过程,这一研究将在石油地质测井和海底工程基底稳定性评价等方面具有重要应用意义.  相似文献   

Infiltration,runoff and soil loss in Andisols affected by forest fire (Canary Islands,Spain)     

J. Neris  M. Tejedor  J. Fuentes  C. Jiménez 《水文研究》2013,27(19):2814-2824

Depending on the severity of the fire, forest fires may modify infiltration and soil erosion processes. Rainfall simulations were used to determine the hydrological effects of fire on Andisols in a pine forest burned by a wildfire in 2007. Six burned zones with different fire severities were compared with unburned zones. Infiltration, runoff and soil loss were analysed on slopes of 10% and 30%. Forest floor and soil properties were evaluated. Unburned zones exhibited relatively low infiltration (23 and 16 mm h^?1 on 10% and 30% slope angles, respectively) and high average runoff/rainfall ratios (43% and 50% on 10% and 30% slope angles, respectively), which were associated with the extreme water repellency of the forest floor. Nonetheless, this layer seems to provide protection against raindrop impact and soil losses were found to be low (8 and 16 g m^?2 h^?1 for 10% and 30% slope angles, respectively). Soil cover, soil structure and water repellency were the main properties affected by the fire. The fire reduced forest floor and soil repellency, allowing rapid infiltration. Moreover, a significant decrease was noted in soil aggregate stabilities in the burned zones, which limited the infiltration rates. Consequently, no significant differences in infiltration and runoff were found between the burned and the unburned zones. The decrease in post‐fire soil cover and soil stability resulted in order‐of‐magnitude increases in erosion. Sediment rates were 15 and 31 g m^?2 h^?1 on the 10% and 30% slope angles, respectively, in zones affected by light fire severity. In the moderate fire severity zones, these values reached 65 and 260 g m^?2 h^?1 for the 10% and 30% slope angles, respectively. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

浸矿开采对离子型稀土基岩力学特性的影响研究     

钟文  朱文韬  曾鹏  黄震  王晓军  郭钟群  胡凯建 《岩土力学》2022,43(6):1481-1492

为研究原地浸矿母液对离子型稀土矿收液底板的侵蚀影响,以离子型稀土矿基岩（半/弱风化花岗岩）为研究对象,开展了室内浸矿模拟试验。对比分析了不同浸矿时间岩样的应力−应变曲线、峰值应力、峰值应变和弹性模量,获取了不同浸矿历时岩样的孔隙度和细观形貌特征,并运用盒维法对岩样的非线性裂纹特征进行了定量化描述。结果表明：浸矿侵蚀作用对离子型稀土矿底板基岩力学性质的影响主要表现在前150 d,破坏形式由贯穿破坏转变为贯穿破坏与片状剥落并存;浸矿母液侵蚀作用下,基岩力学特性呈现先大幅减小后大幅回升,其后在小范围波动现象,浸矿约60 d对基岩力学特性的影响程度最大;浸矿母液侵蚀造成基岩内小孔隙增长,导致表面出现腐蚀及孔洞现象;浸矿时间不同将造成岩石不同的微观结构变化。  相似文献   

Geomorphology of a modern carbonate slope system and associated sedimentary processes: Example of the giant Great Abaco Canyon,Bahamas     

Audrey Recouvreur  Natacha Fabregas  Thierry Mulder  Vincent Hanquiez  Kelly Fauquembergue  Elsa Tournadour  Herv Gillet  Jean Borgomano  Emmanuelle Poli  Jean‐Baptiste Kucharski  Stanislas Wilk 《Sedimentology》2021,68(1):266-293

The large acoustic data set acquired during the Carambar cruises is composed of high resolution bathymetry, backscatter data and very‐high resolution seismic lines which allow for an overview of the morphology and sediment transfer processes from the shallow upper slope to the abyssal plain of a modern carbonate system: the north‐eastern slope of the Little Bahama Bank. Surficial distribution of the acoustic facies and echofacies reflects a wide variety of sedimentary processes along and across the slope. The western sector of the Little Bahama Bank is dominated by depositional processes whereas its eastern sector, which is incised in the lower slope by giant canyons, is affected by erosion and bypass processes. Datasets suggest that currents play an important role both in along‐slope sedimentary processes and in the abyssal plain. The Antilles Current appears to affect a large part of the middle and lower slopes. The absence of sizeable present‐day channel/levée complexes or lobes at the mouth of the canyon – revealed by the bathymetric map – indicates that the southward flowing Deep Western Boundary Current influences modern abyssal sediment deposition. Based on depositional processes and indicators of canyon maturity observed in facies distribution, the current study proposes that differential subsidence affects the eastern versus western part of the bank. The morphology of the Great Abaco Canyon and Little Abaco Canyon, which extend parallel to the platform, and the Little Bahama Bank slope appears to be related to the Great Abaco Fracture Zone.  相似文献   

On the Anomalous Behaviour of Scalar Flux–Variance Similarity Functions Within the Canopy Sub-layer of a Dense Alpine Forest     

D. Cava  G. G. Katul  A. M. Sempreviva  U. Giostra  A. Scrimieri 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2008,128(1):33-57

Within the canopy sub-layer (CSL), variability in scalar sources and sinks are known to affect flux–variance (FV) similarity relationships for water vapour (q) and carbon dioxide (C) concentrations, yet large-scale processes may continue to play a significant role. High frequency time series data for temperature (T), q and C, collected within the CSL of an uneven-aged mixed coniferous forest in Lavarone, Italy, are used to investigate these processes within the context of FV similarity. This dataset suggests that MOST scaling describes the FV similarity function of T even though the observations are collected in the CSL, consistent with other studies. However, the measured FV similarity functions for q and C appear to have higher values than their temperature counterpart. Two hypotheses are proposed to explain the measured anomalous behaviour in the FV similarity functions for q and C when referenced to T. Respired CO₂ from the forest floor leads to large positive excursions in the C time series at the canopy top thereby contributing significantly to both C variance increase and C vertical flux decrease—both leading to an anomalous increase in the FV similarity function. For q, transport of dry air from the outer-layer significantly increases both the variance and the water vapour flux. However, the expected flux increase is much smaller than the variance increase so that the net effect remains an increase in the measured FV similarity function for water vapour above its T counterpart. The hypothesis here is that identifying these events in the temporal and/or in the frequency domain and filtering them from the C and q time series partially recovers a scalar flow field that appears to follow FV similarity theory scaling. Methods for identifying both types of events in the time and frequency domains and their subsequent effects on the FV similarity functions and corollary flow variables, such as the relative transport efficiencies, are also explored.  相似文献