花尾胡椒鲷早期发育阶段的摄食与生长特性   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15  

张雅芝  谢仰杰  张文生 《台湾海峡》2000,19(1):27-35

１９９８年４～６月份在集美大学水产学院海水育苗试验场对人工培育的花尾胡椒鲷早期发育阶段的摄食和生长特性进行分析。结果表明,在水温为２５℃时,仔鱼约经６０～７０h 左右开口摄食,开口饵料为经１２０目筛网过滤的褶皱臂尾轮虫,以后随着鱼体的生长,依次投喂卤虫无节幼体和桡足类。对３７２尾仔、幼鱼解剖观察结果,摄食率达９７．０％,摄食量占体重的６．４％～２３．４％,日摄食量占休重的２４．８％～８３．７％,摄取  相似文献   

海洋养殖鱼类仔稚鱼摄食和营养研究的进展   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

张其永  洪万树 《台湾海峡》2001,20(Z1):1-10

海洋鱼类人工育苗常出现仔稚鱼死亡率高的情况，它涉及到亲鱼培育、卵子质量、仔稚鱼营养需求、生物饵料供应和配合饲料取代等问题.本文就海洋鱼类仔稚鱼培育的饵料系列、亲鱼和早期发育中的脂类代谢和氨基酸作用、生物饵料的营养强化以及微粒、微囊饲料等研究进展作了概述.  相似文献   

斜带石斑鱼人工育苗技术试验   总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19  

周仁杰  林涛 《台湾海峡》2002,21(1):57-62

试验获得初步成功：用50万粒受精卵孵得34.8万尾仔鱼，经60日龄培育，获全长20.5-48.5mm（平均全长26.5mm)的斜带石斑鱼鱼苗0.4万尾，育苗成活率达1.2%。试验期间育苗池水温、盐度的变化范围分别为27.3-30.5℃和31.5-32.0。试验采用如下铒料系列：牡蛎担轮幼虫-轮虫-卤虫无节幼体-卤虫无节幼体 冰冻桡足类、海水技角类。试验经历了3个死亡高峰期，它们分别出现在育苗初期仔鱼开口阶段、稚鱼期30-38日龄阶段和进入幼鱼期以后，本文讨论分析了其成因。  相似文献   

虹彩病毒在海水鱼类间感染的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋振荣  野中健 《台湾海峡》2003,22(3):308-310,T002

本研究通过对人工养殖的真鲷、石鲷进行虹彩病毒人工感染实验，结果表明：随感染时间的推移，被感染鱼的脾脏中病毒感染细胞和吞噬细胞群数量增多；利用虹彩病毒感染的真鲷脾脏分离提纯的病毒悬液，可在真鲷、石鲷等鱼种间交叉感染；病毒悬液由尾柄血管注射比由腹腔注射，感染快、程度严重；较小鱼体有易被病毒感染的趋势；病毒悬液注射量增多，被病毒感染趋强；脾脏、肾脏和肝脏提取的病毒悬液，具较强的感染力。  相似文献   

The relationship of anchovy and sardine to water masses in the Peruvian Humboldt Current System from 1983 to 2005   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

Gordon Swartzman  Arnaud Bertrand  Mariano Gutirrez  Sophie Bertrand  Luis Vasquez 《Progress in Oceanography》2008,79(2-4):228

The Humboldt Current System (HCS) is dominated by two pelagic species; Peruvian anchovy or anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) and sardine (Sardinops sagax). Using data from 43 acoustic surveys conducted from 1983 through 2005 by the Peruvian Marine Institute (IMARPE), we examined the distribution of these two species relative to water masses. We tested the hypothesis that anchovy was found more frequently in upwelled cold coastal water (CCW) and mixed waters (MCW) than in other water types and that sardine was more associated with more offshore oceanic surface subtropical water (SSW). Surface temperature, salinity, latitude, season and distance to the coast data were used to define water masses. Results using generalized additive models (GAM), modelling sardine and anchovy presence–absence as a function of year, water body, bottom depth and latitude, showed that anchovy were primarily found in CCW and MCS, while sardine were more ubiquitous relative to water masses with some predilection for SSW. These results were supported by various indexes of anchovy and sardine distribution versus water mass as well as temporal and location variables.  相似文献   

浙江南部近海春季鱼类群落结构特征及其年际变化     

王寅  赵静  高春霞  王士聪  叶深 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(6):1455-1466

根据2016年和2020年5月在浙江南部近海采集的渔业资源调查资料,采用相对重要性指数、Bray-Curtis聚类和相似性百分比SIMPER分析、生物量谱及ABC曲线等方法,分析该水域春季鱼类群落结构特征及其稳定性的年际变化。结果显示:(1)2016年春季共捕获鱼类65种,优势种为带鱼Trichiurus lepturus、七星底灯鱼Benthosema pterotum和鳀Engraulis japonicus,而2020年春季共捕获鱼类30种,优势种为七星底灯鱼和带鱼;(2)通过聚类分析发现,2016和2020年春季鱼类群落空间格局相似,均可划分为南、北群落;(3)通过SIMPER分析,2016年春季南部群落典型种为二长棘鲷Evynnis cardinalis、龙头鱼Harpadon nehereus和鳀,北部群落典型种为龙头鱼,群落间的分歧种为带鱼;2020年南部群落典型种为七星底灯鱼,北部群落典型种为镰鲳Pampus echinogaster和小黄鱼Larimichthys polyactis,群落间的分歧种为带鱼、镰鲳和小黄鱼;(4)基于生物量谱分析,2016年和2020年春季鱼类标准生物量谱的斜率均小于-1,表明生物量均随个体平均体质量的增加而减少;(5)ABC曲线结果表明,2016年春季鱼类群落处于中等干扰状态(W=-0.22),而2020年春季鱼类群落则处于严重干扰状态(W=-0.09);(6) 经RDA排序分析,2016年和2020年春季影响鱼类群落分布的主要环境因子均为表层水温、盐度和水深。综上所述,浙江南部近海的鱼类年际变化为鱼类种类显著下降,群落特征种更替明显,群落受外界干扰影响加剧。  相似文献   

ARTIFICIAL PROPAGATION AND BREEDING OF MARINE FISH IN CHINA   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

洪万树  张其永 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,20(1):41-51

Since the 1990s, artificial propagation and breeding technique of marine fish in China have developed by way of increasing species and fry numbers, with special stress laid on valuable species. Large quantities of artificial fry can meet the needs of both marine cage culture and pond culture for most species. Experimental results obtained by scientists have been put into use in actual production.Fish fry production has entered a period of sustainable development. So far, at least 44 species (21 families) of marine fish have been successfully bred in China. The artificial fry number of large yellow croaker ( Pseudosciaena crocea) exceeded 300 million in 1999. The species whose artificial fry numbers have each surpassed 10 million annually are red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ), Japanese seabass ( Lateolabrax japonicus), cuneate drum (Nibea miichthioides ), spring spawning red seabream (Pagrosomus major ) and threebanded sweethp ( Plectorhynchus cinctus ). Millions of artificial fry are bred annually in the species of black porgy ( Sparus macrocephalus ), Russell‘ s snapper ( Lutjanus russeUi ), javelin gnmt ( Pomadasys hasta ), miiuy croaker ( Miichthys miiuy) and skewband gnmt ( Hapalogenys nitens ). The fish in the family Sciaenidae are the main species in artificial propagation and breeding. Some problems and prospects on marine fish culture and stock enhancement are also discussed and some proposals for sustainable development are put forward in this article.  相似文献   

Composition of fish communities in an intertidal salt marsh creek in the Changjiang River estuary,China     

全为民  倪勇  施利燕  陈亚瞿 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):806-815

Fish communities in a (third-order) intertidal creek in Dongtan marsh in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary were investigated seasonally for one year. A total of 1 996 fish specimens (10 967.8 g) comprising 26 species and 15 families were collected. Abundances of fish communities in the intertidal salt marsh creek were primarily dominated by Boleophthalmus pectinirostris (19.8%), Collichthys lucidus (18.6%), Periophthalmus magnuspinnatus (18.2%), Liza haematocheilus (17.9%), and secondarily by Mugilogobius abei (8.5%), L. carinatus (7.2%), Odontamblyopus lacepedii (4.3%), and Acanthogobius ommaturus (3.9%); another 18 species were present only occasionally. Non-MDS ordination and SIMPER analysis indicated that there were two fish communities in the intertidal salt marsh creek. In spring, the communities were dominated by B. pectinirostris, P. magnuspinnatus, C. lucidus and M. abei; in summer, autumn, and winter by L. haematocheilus, L. carinatus, A. ommaturus and O. lacepedii. Some species showed strong habitat selection; L. carinatus and P. magnuspinnatus were distributed mainly in the upper and middle creek, while B. pectinirostris, M. abei and O. lacepedii inhabited the middle and lower creek. The study indicated that the salt marshes of the Changjiang River estuary are an important nursery and feeding habitat for many fishes and should be protected.  相似文献   

Population parameters and dynamic pool models of commercial fishes in the Beibu Gulf, northern South China Sea   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王雪辉  邱永松  杜飞雁  林昭进  孙典荣  黄硕琳 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(1):105-117

Length-frequency data of eight commercial fish species in the Beibu Gulf (Golf of Tonkin), northern South China Sea, were collected during 2006-2007. Length-weight relationships and growth and mortality parameters were analyzed using FiSAT II software. Five species had isometric growth, two species had negative allometric growth, and one species had positive allometric growth. Overall, the exploitation rates of the eight species were lower in 2006-2007 than in 1997-1999: for four species (Saurida tumbil, Saurida undosquamis, Argyrosomus macrocephalus, and Nemipterus virgatus) it was lower in 2006-2007 than in 1997-1999, for two species (Parargyrops edita and Trichiurus haumela) it remained the same, and for the other two species (Trachurus japonicus and Decapterus maruadsi) it was higher in 2006-2007 than in 1997-1999. The exploitation rates might have declined because of the decline in fishing intensity caused by high crude oil prices. The optimum exploitation rate, estimated using Beverton-Holt dynamic pool models, indicated that although fishes in the Beibu Gulf could sustain high exploitation rates, the under-size fishes at first capture resulted in low yields. To increase the yield per recruitment, it is more effective to increase the size at first capture than to control fishing effort.  相似文献   

南海北部陆架区3种鱼类多氯联苯含量分布特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

甘居利  贾晓平  李纯厚  林钦 《热带海洋学报》2007,26(2):69-73

为探讨南海北部陆架区海洋动物中多氯联苯(PCBs)污染状况,用气相色谱仪-电子捕获检测器测定了1998—2000年在该海域采集的3种金线鱼体内的PCBs。结果表明,在鱼体背部肌肉中PCBs含量(鲜重平均值)深水金线鱼Nemipterus bathybius中较高(6.21ng.g-1),在金线鱼N.virgatus中次之(5.26ng.g-1),在日本金线鱼N.japonicus中较低(4.83ng.g-1)。在台湾浅滩金线鱼PCBs含量(6.05ng.g-1)略高于广东海域(5.61ng.g-1),在远岸海域(5.80ng.g-1)高于近岸海域(4.48ng.g-1)。PCBs含量在深水金线鱼几种组织内的分布与脂肪含量呈正相关,表现为肝(11.9ng.g-1)>腹肌(9.05ng.g-1)>皮(4.79ng.g-1)≈背肌(4.31ng.g-1)>肠(3.53ng.g-1)≈鳃丝(3.45ng.g-1)。3种鱼体内PCBs含量(鲜重)在1.25—16.4ng.g-1范围内,远低于国内外水产品安全限量。  相似文献