双向螺旋挤土灌注桩（SDS）的技术优势与施工问题研究          下载免费PDF全文

肖光庆  袁桂华  张勇  陈筱艳  苏志东 《探矿工程》2015,42(3):61-64

双向螺旋挤土灌注桩（SDS）技术是在CFG地基处理的基础上通过对钻头的改进,减少出土量,充分发挥桩间土的承载力,进而减少混凝土用量。首先从设备上的关键结构来说明其工作原理;再通过已完成的工程实例与传统工艺相比较来佐证SDS技术的技术和经济优势;最后针对施工过程中出现的问题,分析其原因和提出处理措施。  相似文献   

桂林穿山公园西侧危岩体破坏机制及治理     

谢廷勇  张桂林  张紫峰 《矿产与地质》2015,(2):243-246

桂林市穿山公园西侧存在的危岩隐患共有数十处,根据危岩体结构特征和变形破坏迹象,分析了危岩体的3种破坏机制:拉裂―滑移式、拉裂―坠落式、拉裂―倾倒式三种基本类型。在此基础上,运用能量守恒定律和运动学规律研究危岩体失稳落石运动特征。结合RocFall软件对落石运动进行模拟计算,对崩塌落石的途径、方向、跳跃高度,影响范围进行验证,与理论计算结果吻合。结合施工条件,采用清除浮土及危石,岩壁上安装SNSGPS2主动防护网加固,坡脚安装SNSRX050被动防护网来拦截落石,确保公园内游客安全。  相似文献   

“十三五”时期黄河流域PM2.5时空分布规律及多尺度社会经济影响机制分析     

耿佳辰  沈石  程昌秀 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(6):1163-1175

黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展是我国新时代的重大战略任务。探究黄河流域PM_2.5浓度的时空变化趋势,并分析其社会经济影响因素,对该地区的大气污染防治和实现高质量发展具有重要意义。本文采用时间序列趋势估计、空间自相关分析、地理探测器和地理加权回归方法,揭示了“十三五”时期年黄河流域不同尺度（全流域以及61个地级市）PM_2.5浓度值和变化趋势的时空分异特征,定量探究了社会经济因素对PM_2.5浓度的影响机制及其时空过程。结果表明：① 在“十三五”时期,黄河流域的PM_2.5污染情况整体好转,其浓度呈波动下降的趋势,平均每年下降约4.2 μg/m³,彰显了我国大气污染防治攻坚战取得的重要成效;② 山东、河南、山西和陕西的PM_2.5浓度值较高,但山东、河南改善速度较快,山西和陕西改善速度较慢;③ 以目前的改善速率推算,在黄河流域61个地级市中,54个市将能够完成“十四五”规划中PM_2.5浓度下降10%的目标,而咸阳、西安、榆林、太原、临汾、运城、晋城7市将难以完成;④ 人口密度、工业企业数、土地利用强度是导致黄河流域PM_2.5浓度升高的主要社会经济因素,其解释力均达到50%以上;⑤ 从2015—2019年,土地利用程度指数和人口密度的主要影响区域均转移至黄河流域中部地区,建议山西、陕西、内蒙古应作为下一阶段治理工作关注的重点区域;⑥ 促进与环境承载力相协调的城乡发展、控制工业规模并提高其环保水平,是进一步治理黄河流域大气污染的重要策略。  相似文献   

基于ArcGIS的三维航测成果在露天采坑生态修复与矿山生产中的应用研究          下载免费PDF全文

张启慧  王程松  卫石印  董玉芬  冯英明 《山东国土资源》2022,38(10)

基于ArcGIS的三维航测成果在生态修复与露天矿山生产中具有广泛的应用前景。针对日照某地露天矿坑地质环境现状,在无人机三维航测的基础上,运用ArcGIS的相关功能,对矿坑生态修复设计,土石方余量计算、指导露天矿山生产中以及三维可视化展示等方面的应用进行了研究。通过多次无人机航测,获取项目实施过程中的多期DSM数据,进一步实现生态修复全过程、矿山生产全过程的监理、动态储量监测。  相似文献   

Hydrochemical characteristics and pollution potential of Uluova aquifers,Elazığ, Turkey     

Bahattin??etinda?Email author  ?zlem??ztekin?Okan 《Environmental Geology》2004,45(6):796-807

The study area is in the southeastern part of the city of Elaz between 38°17–38°43 latitudes and 38°36–39°07 longitudes. Formations of Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic age comprise confined and unconfined aquifers. Unconfined aquifers are represented by Na-Cl and Na-HCO₃ type waters while confined aquifers are characterized by Ca-HCO₃, Mg-HCO₃ and Na-HCO₃ type waters. Due to sodium pollution, as a result of irrigation from waters of Hazar lake in the plain, as well as intense use of artificial fertilizer and improper storage of animal fertilizers, NH₄-N, NO₃-N and total PO₄-P pollution are detected in waters of the unconfined aquifer. Organic material contents in waters of well nos. S₂₇, S₂₉ and S₃₂ completed in the unconfined aquifer are above 3.5 mg/l of Turkish Standard Institute (TSE), (266) standard. In confined aquifers, total PO₄-P pollution in four wells and NH₄-N pollution in three wells were observed to be above the TSE (266) standard.  相似文献   

Study on the flocculability of metal ions by<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus mucilaginosus</Emphasis> GY03 strain   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

连宾陈烨  袁生朱立军  刘丛强 《中国地球化学学报》2004,23(4):380-386

This study deals with the flocculability of two types of metal ions by Bacillus macilaginosus GY03 Strain, with an emphasis on the influence of pH conditions, volume and time of flocculants produced by GY03 Strain on the adsorption of metal irons such as Pb^2 and Mn^2 and the capabilities of floceulants to adsorb metal ions of different concentrations. The results showed that microbial flocculants produced by Bacillus mucilaginosus GY03 Strain are highly capable of flocculating metal ions, but show different effectiveness with respect to the adsorption of Pb^2 and Mn^2 . In accordance with the experimental data and actual waste-water treatment conditions, the relevant regression equation of floeculation has been deduced, which has found some application in practice. The experimental results of this study demonstrated that microbial flocculants produced by Bacillus mucilaginosus can be used to treat metallic ion-containing waste water. In practical application the volume of microbial floceulants required and flocculation conditions should be taken into comprehensive consideration in accordance with the properties of metal ions, the composition of anions and the solubility of other metals, in combination with the cost and effectiveness of floceulants to be used. Floeeulant used in this experiment has the advantages of being applied over a wide range of pH values, small flocculant volume, and rapid speed of floeeulation. So this kind of flocculant is within excellent prospect of application.  相似文献   

强夯法在可液化地基中的应用     

张修亭  汪德宇  周长严 《海岸工程》2007,26(3):61-65

介绍了强夯法在高速公路特殊路基处理中的应用,通过在青银高速公路齐河至夏津段工程中的强夯法应用实例,简述了强夯法的施工方案、地基处理效果及推广价值。  相似文献   

Sorption of yttrium and rare earth elements by amorphous ferric hydroxide: Influence of pH and ionic strength   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kelly A. Quinn  Robert H. Byrne  Johan Schijf 《Marine Chemistry》2006,99(1-4):128

The sorption of yttrium and the rare earth elements (YREEs) by amorphous ferric hydroxide at low ionic strength (0.01 M ≤ I ≤ 0.09 M) was investigated over a wide range of pH (3.9 ≤ pH ≤ 7.1). YREE distribution coefficients, defined as _iK_Fe = [MS_i]_T / (M_T[Fe³⁺]_S), where [MS_i]_T is the concentration of YREE sorbed by the precipitate, M_T is the total YREE concentration in solution, and [Fe³⁺]_S is the concentration of precipitated iron, are weakly dependent on ionic strength but strongly dependent on pH. For each YREE, the pH dependence of log _iK_Fe is highly linear over the investigated pH range. The slopes of log _iK_Fe versus pH regressions range between 1.43 ± 0.04 for La and 1.55 ± 0.03 for Lu. Distribution coefficients are well described by an equation of the form _iK_Fe = (_Sβ₁[H⁺]^− 1 + _Sβ₂[H⁺]^− 2) / (_SK₁[H⁺] + 1), where _Sβ_n are stability constants for YREE sorption by surface hydroxyl groups and _SK₁ is a ferric hydroxide surface protonation constant. Best-fit estimates of _Sβ_n for each YREE were obtained with log _SK₁ = 4.76. Distribution coefficient predictions, using this two-site surface complexation model, accurately describe the log _iK_Fe patterns obtained in the present study, as well as distribution coefficient patterns obtained in previous studies at near-neutral pH. Modeled log _iK_Fe results were used to predict YREE sorption patterns appropriate to the open ocean by accounting for YREE solution complexation with the major inorganic YREE ligands in seawater. The predicted log _iK_Fe′ pattern for seawater, while distinctly different from log _iK_Fe observations in synthetic solutions at low ionic strength, is in good agreement with results for natural seawater obtained by others.  相似文献   

海洋工程地基处理问题的评述     

郑继民 《海洋科学进展》1992,(4)

本文阐述了海洋工程水下软土地基加固处理的实用方法:振冲法、真空预压法、高压旋喷法、爆破法、土工织物法、强夯法以及水泥石灰系拌和法.并对这些方法的施工研究及注意问题进行了专题详述.  相似文献   

固定化活性污泥处理海水冲厕污水研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陆金仁  崔正国  单宝田  王修林 《海洋科学》2006,30(2):10-15

确定了固定化污泥最佳的包埋剂配比,研究了不同温度、作用时间、pH值、微生物浓度和氯离子浓度条件下固定化污泥对人工海水冲厕污水的处理效果。结果表明,包埋剂最佳配比为聚乙烯醇(PVA)80 g/L、海藻酸钠4 g/L、活性炭10 g/L、SiO210 g/L、CaCO31.25 g/L。在30℃下固定化污泥对NH3-N和CODCr的去除效果最好,12 h时其去除率分别为83.9%和84.2%。固定化污泥在pH4~10之间均有很好的去除效果,其适宜用量为75 g/L,氯离子浓度的增大对NH3-N的去除几乎没有影响,但对CODCr的去除效果降低。曝气试验表明,固定化颗粒运行2个月情况良好,出水NH3-N和CODCr符合二级污水综合排放标准。  相似文献