基于景观基因“地域机制”的客家文化保护与传承开发——以湖南省炎陵县为例     

曹帅强  邓运员 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(4)

根据客家文化景观基因理论及其"地域机制",以客家扩展聚居区炎陵县为例,结合历史文献查阅和实地调研,发掘分析该县客家文化的景观基因。研究结果表明:(1)迁徙由来、地域背景分别是客家文化景观的共同基因、本土基因;(2)由共同基因以"反客为主"的作用方式与本土基因形成了地方客家景观本质特性的主体基因;(3)保护与传承意识形态是决定其主体基因能否在世代遵循并坚守着"原汁原味"文化传统和文化精神传承过程中的人为基因。基于这些独特基因构成内在相关联的地域机制而所表达的特征,提出了应加强客家文化景观基因的数字化保护管理、传承开发政策等对策。  相似文献   

面向地震应急准备的居民地遥感提取及量化分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李金香  李亚芳  李帅  王伟  陈勇 《地理科学》2016,36(11):1743-1750

运用灰度共生矩阵、数学形态学等方法提取新疆新源地区高分一号2 m分辨率影像居民地信息,运用目视解译、影像叠加分析、缓冲区分析等方法,进行居民地量化分级,为地震应急准备提供数据支持。结果表明：研究区在地震烈度为Ⅷ度及以下区域,埋压主要集中在单层结构为主的建筑区;当地震烈度高于Ⅷ度且造成多层建筑大面积倒塌时,县城等人口密集区为首要救援区;在地震应急准备时,应对交通条件三等区和交通条件四等区重点关注,增加应急物资储备点,对山区居民地,应考虑道路毁坏情况,转换救援方式,做好应急预案。  相似文献   

Morphological and Phylogenetic Studies of a Copepod Species,Irodes parupenei Ho and Lin (2007), Infecting Parupeneus rubescens in Saudi Arabia     

DKHIL Mohamed A  ALHAFIDH Wejdan  AL-QURAISHY Saleh  ALOTAIBI Mashael  BANAEEM Manal  ALSALEH Thekra  ABDEL-GABER Rewaida 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2022,21(2):457-464

Dammam City is one of the gorgeous coastal areas in the Arabian Gulf of Saudi Arabia.The present study aimed to ex-amine one of the copepod species infecting the rosy goatfish that represents a highly consumed fish species by the local population in the Arabian Gulf.The copepod species isolated from the infected fish specimens belong to the family Taeniacanthidae and was iden-tified as Irodes parupenei Ho and Lin(2007),primarily based on its morphological,morphometric,and ultrastructural characteris-tics,especially the structures of the dorsal cephalic area,segmentation of the first antenna,the absence of the maxilliped claw in the fe-male specimens,and the setation and spinulation of the legs 2-4 for the adult females are of great significance in the taxonomic iden-tification.The 18S rRNA gene sequence was analyzed to ensure the precise identity and exact taxonomic status of the copepod species.The result showed that this copepod species belong to Taenicanthidae and closely related to Irodes sauridi(gb|JF781550.1)in the same taxon.More details on the specificity of the goatfish for Irodes species and identifying these parasitic taxa using molecular analysis are given in the present study.  相似文献   

A Sensitive and Versatile Multiplex PCR System for the Rapid Detection of Enterotoxigenic (ETEC), Enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) and Enteropathogenic (EPEC) Strains of Escherichia coli     

R.Y.C Kong  C.L So  W.F Law  R.S.S Wu 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,38(12):21-1215

Although Escherichia coli is widely distributed in the marine environment, only a small percentage are pathogenic to humans. Nonetheless, the widespread occurrence of waterborne infections of E. coli origin in humans has become one of the major health problems worldwide. To date, several types of enterovirulent E. coli have been recognized as the aetiologic agents of various gastrointestinal infections in humans. The most commonly encountered are those belonging to the enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC), enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) subtypes. In order to better determine the health risks that are associated with exposure to some of these specific subtypes, we have developed a very sensitive multiplex PCR system for the rapid detection and typing of ETEC, EHEC and possibly EPEC strains of E. coli in the aquatic environment. The target genes chosen for this investigation included: the PHO-A housekeeping gene (present in all E. coli); the LT1, LT2 and ST1 genes of ETEC; the VT1 and VT2 verotoxin, and EAE virulence genes of EHEC and EPEC, respectively. Six pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to simultaneously amplify internal fragments of these genes by multiplex PCR to generate PCR products that could be analysed and confirmed with relative ease by gel electrophoresis and HincII enzyme digestion. The results showed that the six sets of PCR primers were highly specific for their target genes and produced specific amplimers of the expected size from several control strains of E. coli – ATCC 35401 (LT1+/ST1+); SA53 (LT2+/VT2+); and O157 (VT1+/VT2+/EAE+). The detection sensitivity of the multiplex PCR system for the six target genes in an E. coli cell mixture was optimized and enhanced by preincubating serially diluted cells in Luria-Bertani broth for 6 h prior to PCR analysis. The results obtained indicated a detection sensitivity of 10° CFU (of each strain) per 100 μl reaction. Multiplex PCR analysis of seawater samples collected from four sewage-polluted sites in Hong Kong indicated the presence in all four samples of E. coli bacteria that were positive for LT1, ST1, VT1 and EAE virulence genes. Overall, the data indicated that the multiplex PCR system described in this study is a potentially very useful and powerful method for routine monitoring and risk assessment of water quality.  相似文献   

狄氏斧蛤(Donax dysoni)线粒体全基因组测定及结构特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

马颜雯  李继姬  叶莹莹 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(1):246-258

为解析狄氏斧蛤(Donax dysoni)线粒体全基因组结构特征以及进化地位,采用二代高通量测序技术获得狄氏斧蛤线粒体基因组全序列,对线粒体基因进行注释并对其序列结构进行分析。结果表明,狄氏斧蛤的线粒体全基因组序列全长为16 908 bp,碱基组成为A (26.81%)、T (41.13%)、G(21.21%)和C (10.85%),A+T含量为67.94%,表现出明显的AT偏向。与其他双壳贝类相似,狄氏斧蛤共编码13个蛋白质编码基因,包含22个t RNA和2个r RNA,且所有基因均位于H链;蛋白质编码基因拥有3种起始密码子(ATG、ATT、ATA),而除了ND3、ND4以及ATP6使用TAG作为终止密码子外,其余所有蛋白质编码基因都使用TAA作为终止密码子。除t RNASer不能折叠成典型的三叶草结构,没有明显的DHU茎环,其余t RNA都能折叠成典型的三叶草结构。狄氏斧蛤与斧蛤科(Donacidae)其他物种具有相同的基因排列,未发现基因重排现象。基于线粒体12个蛋白质编码基因构建62种贝类的进化树,结果显示:Donax semiestriatus和Donax vittatus聚...  相似文献   

双壳贝类CK1基因家族的鉴定及表达分析     

孙凤芝  吕珍立  刘福云  邢强  连姗姗  王师  包立随 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(5):1401-1412

酪蛋白激酶1 (CK1)是一种重要的蛋白激酶家族,其在DNA损伤应答和修复、细胞增殖和凋亡、胚胎发育和稳态等重要的生物学过程中都具有复杂多样的调控作用。为了理解CK1基因家族在双壳贝类中的特征、进化及生物学功能,实验采用比较基因组学及生物信息学的方法对双壳贝类CK1基因家族进行了鉴定分析,通过虾夷扇贝高温应激实验,研究了CK1基因家族在高温应激时的表达规律。结果显示,在虾夷扇贝、栉孔扇贝、长牡蛎与侏儒蛤中均存在CK1α,CK1αlike,CK1δ,CK1γ3,并发现CK1ε,CK1γ1,CK1γ2在双壳贝类中发生了丢失。时空表达分析发现,双壳贝类CK1基因均在胚胎发育早期集中表达,并以多细胞/囊胚期为界呈现出母源/合子特异性表达模式。CK1为关键基因的基因共表达模块显著富集在错配修复、核苷酸剪切修复等相关通路上,暗示了CK1基因在双壳贝类胚胎发育过程中参与调控DNA损伤修复过程,从而维持早期胚胎发育时的基因组稳定性。双壳贝类CK1基因在成体中呈现组织特异的表达模式,主要在鳃和雄性性腺中具有相对较高的表达量。虾夷扇贝受到高温应激后,其鳃中PyCK1α, PyCK1αlike和PyCK1δ...  相似文献   

Geophysical flows under location uncertainty,Part I Random transport and general models     

V. Resseguier  E. Mémin  B. Chapron 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2017,111(3):149-176

A stochastic flow representation is considered with the Eulerian velocity decomposed between a smooth large scale component and a rough small-scale turbulent component. The latter is specified as a random field uncorrelated in time. Subsequently, the material derivative is modified and leads to a stochastic version of the material derivative to include a drift correction, an inhomogeneous and anisotropic diffusion, and a multiplicative noise. As derived, this stochastic transport exhibits a remarkable energy conservation property for any realizations. As demonstrated, this pivotal operator further provides elegant means to derive stochastic formulations of classical representations of geophysical flow dynamics.  相似文献   

Geophysical flows under location uncertainty,Part II Quasi-geostrophy and efficient ensemble spreading     

V. Resseguier  E. Mémin  B. Chapron 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2017,111(3):177-208

Models under location uncertainty are derived assuming that a component of the velocity is uncorrelated in time. The material derivative is accordingly modified to include an advection correction, inhomogeneous and anisotropic diffusion terms and a multiplicative noise contribution. In this paper, simplified geophysical dynamics are derived from a Boussinesq model under location uncertainty. Invoking usual scaling approximations and a moderate influence of the subgrid terms, stochastic formulations are obtained for the stratified Quasi-Geostrophy and the Surface Quasi-Geostrophy models. Based on numerical simulations, benefits of the proposed stochastic formalism are demonstrated. A single realization of models under location uncertainty can restore small-scale structures. An ensemble of realizations further helps to assess model error prediction and outperforms perturbed deterministic models by one order of magnitude. Such a high uncertainty quantification skill is of primary interests for assimilation ensemble methods. MATLAB^® code examples are available online.  相似文献   

近岸海水质量量化方法及分类评价   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

曾江宁  黄韦艮  曾淦宁  郑平  周青松  吕海燕  王正方 《海洋学报》2004,26(4):139-146

近岸海域是陆地、海洋和大气之间各种过程相互作用最活跃的界面[1],沿海100km以内区域聚积着约60%的世界人口[2],其环境质量强烈受人类活动影响.对近岸海域进行水质环境管理,应依据海水物理、化学和生物学性质对海水进行分类评价[3,4].  相似文献   

水体细菌碱性磷酸酶及其编码基因研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

戴江玉  高光  吴时强  吴修锋  周杰  薛万云  杨倩倩  陈丹 《湖泊科学》2016,28(6):1153-1166

水体溶解性反应磷是浮游植物可直接利用的主要磷营养形式,细菌碱性磷酸酶催化的有机磷矿化过程则是维持溶解性反应磷供给的重要途径.通过总结细菌碱性磷酸酶的种类与分布特征,发现主要包括Pho A、Pho X和Pho D 3种类型细菌碱性磷酸酶,其中超过50%的Pho X分布于细菌细胞的外部环境,对溶解性反应磷的循环再生尤为重要.综述水体产碱性磷酸酶细菌群落组成的研究进展,以及影响编码基因表达的环境因素,对比分析产碱性磷酸酶细菌群落鉴定方法的特点及发展趋势.细菌碱性磷酸酶编码基因的研究多关注寡营养海洋生态系统,对于同样存在磷限制问题的富营养化湖泊生态系统鲜有涉及,而构建针对典型富营养化湖泊生态系统的细菌宏基因组数据库,则可为建立淡水生态系统细菌碱性磷酸酶及其编码基因的研究方法奠定基础,有助于认识湖泊水华频发的微生物学驱动机制.  相似文献