环境演变研究时间序列的建立方法评述   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王晓燕  田均良 《海洋地质前沿》2002,18(12):22-27

对环境演变时间序列建立的几种主要方法的纪年原理、应用状况及应用的优点、范围、局限性进行了阐述和比较，包括长寿命宇宙成因核素在内的同位素纪年方法主要判别第四纪以来大时间尺主的沉积物的地质年龄，且能很好地应用于全球变化的研究，但百余年来沉积物的年龄及侵蚀历史变化的研究只能通过^210Pbex、^137Cs等半衰期相对较短的核素来进行；指出^210Pbex可望在现代流域侵蚀环境演变以及其效应评价的研究中获得新的突破。  相似文献   

现代黄河水下三角洲的地貌特征及演化     

任于灿 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1992,12(4):59-68

本文主要根据黄河水利委员会多年固定断面的测量资料和海洋地质研究所1988年两个航次调查结果,结合黄河水沙资料的分析,对水下三角洲的地貌特征、地貌演化及形成机制进行了论述,尤其对三角洲前缘的地貌演化趋势进行了较详细地阐述。  相似文献   

日本海古海洋环境的演化     

余煦明 《海洋地质前沿》2005,21(8):6-9

基于近年来有关日本海的古海洋古环境研究成果，总结概述了日本海中新世以来的古气候和古海洋环境演化特征。日本海作为西北太平洋一个主要的边缘海，在全球气候变化过程中起着重要的作用。它的古气候古环境演化，与全球其他地区一样受控于地球轨道参数的变化，同时也发育一些由气候的不稳定性、海峡的开合与其他一些地球气候系统的非线性活动所驱动的突发性快速气候变化事件。日本海的古海平面、古海水温度、古洋流等因子的变化还受到冰盖扩张和退缩、构造运动、冰川性地壳均衡补偿、东亚季风等因素的影响，具有鲜明的区域特点。总体说来，目前对日本海的研究程度还不高，对它在全球气候变化中的作用过程、驱动和响应机制的了解还很有限，需要进一步深入研究。  相似文献   

台湾海峡微微型浮游植物的生态研究——Ⅰ.时空分布及其调控机制   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

黄邦钦  洪华生  林学举  陈纪新 《海洋学报》2003,25(4):72-82

1997年8月、1998年2～3月和1998年8月,调查分析了台湾海峡微微型浮游植物的时空分布(平面、垂直、总日和季节)及其调控机制。结果表明,微微型浮游植物丰度的平面分布不均匀,各类群具有不同的密集区,并存在明显的地理差异,垂直分布存在6种模式,以标准单峰和弱单峰为主,分布类型的多样化是由于微微型浮游植物固有的垂直分布模式和研究海域复杂的地形及水动力(如跃层等)条件相互作用的结果,微微型浮游植物的丰度存在明显的随时间变化现象;在季节变化方面,各类群存在较为明显的差异,温度是影响台湾海峡微微型浮游植物平面分布的重要因子,而光辐照度、温盐跃层是影响垂直分布的重要因子,微微型浮游植物不同类群在时空分布上存在“位移”现象,此与不同类群对温度敏感性不同、对光的利用能力不同以及生存空间的互补性等因素有关。  相似文献   

Annual Cycle of Zooplankton Biomass, Abundance and Species Composition in the Neritic Area of the Balearic Sea, Western Mediterranean   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

MªLuz Fernández de  Puelles  David Grás  & Santiago Hernández-León 《Marine Ecology》2003,24(2):123-139

Abstract. Seasonal changes in zooplankton biomass, abundance and species composition were studied at a neritic station in the Balearic Sea between April 1993 and May 1994. Sampling was carried out every 10 days in a zone influenced by the main current circulating through the Mallorca channel. Three main peaks of zooplankton biomass and abundance were observed: (1) at the beginning of summer when the thermocline developed, (2) in autumn when the thermocline broke down, and (3) in early spring. The smaller zooplankton fraction (100–250 μm) comprised on average 32 % of the total biomass and 73 % of total abundance. Copepods were the predominant group (64 % of the total abundance) with Clausocalanus, Oithona and Paracalanus being the most abundant genera. Paracalanus parvus, Clausocalanus furcatus, Acartia clausi, Oithona plumifera, Temora stylifera, Centropages typicus and Oncaea mediterranea were found to be the most important species in the area. Other abundant groups were cladocerans (15 %) and meroplankton larvae (12 %), both of which were particularly numerous during the stratified period. The copepod community was characterized by the above‐cited perennial species, which were abundant during the cycle studied. However, the influence of the hydrological conditions of the Balearic Sea, such as the Atlantic water influx and the physical structure of the water column (stratification and mixing), promoted the observed variability in zooplankton as well as the appearance of characteristic species during the annual cycle.  相似文献   

黄海地质构造与油气资源   总被引：13，自引：4，他引：13  

李廷栋  莫杰 《海洋地质前沿》2002,18(11):4-7

概述了南，北黄海盆地地质构造特征，盆地的形成与演化，分析研究了油气地质特征与成藏条件；对黄海各盆地和隆起区可能具有找油气远景的新领域，新层位和新类型，提出一些探讨性的认识。  相似文献   

Recent changes in the winter distribution and movements of northern Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua Linnaeus, 1758) on the Newfoundland-Labrador Shelf     

Kulka  David W.; Wroblewski  J. S.; Narayanan  Savi 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1995,52(6):889-902

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Seasonal Variation in the Biomass of Marine Macrophyta from Greek Coasts     

S. Haritonidis    G. Nikolaidis  I. Tsekos 《Marine Ecology》1986,7(4):359-370

Abstract. The marine plant communities of the littoral zone in different biotopes of the Greek coasts were investigated in 1980-81. Seasonal distribution and variation of marine plant biomass were assessed. The communities of Cystoseira crinita and C. compressa were outstanding with maximum biomass during the summer months. Corallina officinalis and Pterocladia capillacea + Viva rigida communities predominated with maximum biomass in autumn and exhibited a decrease in winter, except in stressed biotopes. The species diversity and productivity of seaweeds along the Greek coasts are interpreted in relation to a number of environmental parameters.  相似文献   

Protracted Environmental Issues on a Proposed Titanium Minerals Development in Kenya's South Coast     

J. O. Z. Abuodha  P. O. Hayombe 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2006,24(2):63-75

This study takes cognizance of the fact that the TIOMIN (TIOMIN Resources Inc. of Canada) project has resulted in controversy over its handling of environmental issues and especially the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The authors address many of the protracted issues that have slowed the development of the mining project in Kwale. The main emphasis is on the impacts of the mining and mineral separation processes on the environment, including the governing legislation, the role of consultation and public participation, and socioeconomic issues. In their public documents TIOMIN has specified neither the type of minerals it wants to extract from the area nor their chemical composition. It is well known, however that the titanium minerals and zircon targeted have impurities of iron, thorium and uranium. In the absence of an Environmental Management Plan, the effects of stockpiling radioactive wastes and other impurities that could possibly lead to environmental degradation in both the terrestrial and marine environments have not been publically addressed. The measures proposed to mitigate ecological damage as a result of the establishment of a minerals processing plant in the area seem inadequate. Pollution resulting from accidental spillage or breakage could have significant impact on marine life and residents living near the mining site. Other issues that have not been addressed satisfactorily pertain to the use of surface and underground water. The area already faces a huge water deficit and the calculations presented on aquifer recharge and stream flow rates do not indicate the large quantities of water that would be required in the mineral processing plant. The project, if approved in its present state, risks violation of international conventions. Furthermore, it could cause a conflict between Kenya and Tanzania in the event of an oil spill at the proposed ship loading facility at Shimoni. The proposed mining area includes the district's most fertile land, is home to many fisherfolk and is a major tourist destination. An analysis of the effects of this project on other available opportunities must be thoroughly understood to ascertain the economic and environmental benefits and costs of the mining venture. The proposed compensation rate of $1,000 per acre, for resettlement for example, appears to be grossly inadequate. Compensation should take into account family size and structure family assets and the cost of relocation.  相似文献   

台湾海峡毛颚动物分布的初步研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

蒋玫  王云龙  徐兆礼 《台湾海峡》2003,22(2):150-154

本文分析了台湾海峡毛颚动物的种类组成、数量分布特征，并就其与环境因素的关系进行了初步探讨．结果显示与台湾海峡西部、东海等邻近海域相比，本区毛颚动物具种数少，数量小，季节变化幅度较小等特点．它的数量分布状况与闽斯沿岸流、南海西南季风漂流以及黑潮支流在本区运动消长有关。  相似文献