与全球变化有关的几个北极海洋地质问题   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高爱国  刘焱光  孙海青 《地学前缘》2002,9(3):201-207

极地区域是全球变化研究的重点区域 ,在北极地区与全球变化有关的地质问题主要是北极地区的海陆变化对全球变化的影响 ,以及全球变化在地层中的记录。这涉及到北极形态变化及与其它大洋沟通的水道开闭情况 ,地形起伏对大气、大洋环流的影响 ,地壳升降与海平面变化对河流流量和海岸稳定性的影响 ,气体水合物及有机碳等变化对全球碳循环的影响 ,以及这些影响与气候变化信息在极地沉积物中的记录。文章在对上述影响及海洋地质研究状况进行探讨后 ,又简要介绍了中国的首次北极考察海洋地质研究状况  相似文献   

挑战地球科学的新前沿 21世纪大洋综合钻探计划(OD21)          下载免费PDF全文

刘广志 《探矿工程》2002,(3):55-57

简要介绍即将实施的“21世纪大洋综合钻探计划”的目的、要求、设施等。  相似文献   

Competitive Adjustment and Advancement in Global Commodity Chains II: The Case of the Singapore Garment Industry     

Leo van Grunsven  & Floor Smakman 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2002,23(1):70-92

This is the second part of a contribution to the debate on the possibilities of leveraging economic globalisation — through incorporation in international production networks and global commodity chains (GCCs) — as a strategy for developing countries to industrialise and advance their position in the world economy. In the first part, we analysed the experience of the East Asian apparel industry and addressed the issues of sustaining positions, upgrading to more rewarding roles, and advancing to less dependent positions within production networks and GCCs. We developed an analytical framework at both the firm and industry levels, and subsequently identified alternative firm- and industry-level strategies and trajectories. The present paper deals with these issues in the context of the Singapore apparel industry. Based on extensive empirical research, we demonstrate that although the East Asian experience of upgrading and repositioning within the GCC is to some extent emulated in the case of the Singapore apparel industry, the outcomes have been less favourable in terms of the depth, extent and strength of these trajectories. The differing outcomes can be explained in terms of different (systemic) conditions in the Singapore business environment, including the agency of local players, the geography of sourcing networks, and the role of the state and prevailing business attitudes. Our conclusions merit continued attention in both research and policy circles on the development of capabilities at the firm level, and the role of local business and institutional environments in local industry development processes under globalisation.  相似文献   

Spectral-element simulations of global seismic wave propagation—II. Three-dimensional models, oceans, rotation and self-gravitation     

Dimitri Komatitsch  Jeroen Tromp 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,150(1):303-318

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Fréchet kernels for body-wave amplitudes     

F. A. Dahlen  Adam M. Baig 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,150(2):440-466

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Global heat budget, plate tectonics and climatic change   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Stuart A. Harris 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2002,84(1):1-9

For the past 2000 Ma, the temperature of the Earth's surface has fluctuated around a mean similar to that of today, although individual locations have undergone long-term changes of ∼30°C at different times in different places. Water bodies absorb at least five times as much solar radiation as land surfaces, and ocean currents transport the excess heat absorbed in the tropics towards the poles. Changes in the distribution of land and sea due to plate tectonics explain the major temperature fluctuations (>25°C) around the globe in the last 350 Ma, and are first-order controls. Large-scale changes in ocean currents and thermohaline circulations are probably second-order controls (15–25°C). The Milankovitch orbital cycles are third-order controls producing variations in air temperature of the order of 10°C, while massive volcanic eruptions and changes in carbon dioxide are amongst the fourth-order controls producing minor perturbations (<5°C). The major climatic fluctuations are continuous but regional in effect and not global. Extraterrestrial factors may not cause major changes in climate when viewed from a geological perspective.  相似文献   

An integrated global model of present-day plate motions and plate boundary deformation   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

Corné Kreemer  William E. Holt  A. John Haines 《Geophysical Journal International》2003,154(1):8-34

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我国制造业集群分布现状及其发展特征   总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28  

王缉慈 《地域研究与开发》2003,22(6):29-33

目前，在我国很多地区，例如长江三角洲和珠江三角洲，以个别市、县、镇或村为范围，集中某种产品的生产所形成的制造业集群表现出极强的活力和竞争力。集群中的很多企业根据不同技术能力，纷纷进入了全球价值链，已经使中国成为跨国公司控制之下的“世界工厂”。文章从目前局限性的资料出发，将这一现象的分布现状进行了分析，并对其发展特征进行了描述。认为，在新型工业化道路中，企业只有在本地舍作和结网，加强创新，才能有效地插入全球价值链，参与国际竞争。为此，需要通过政策的支持，鼓励合作的信用环境，使价值链上的各级企业以及利益相关者进行合作。  相似文献   

China''''s First Exploration of Chukchi Sea and Its Adjacent Waters in the ArcticA Study on Lead Geochemistry of Atmospheric Aerosol     

朱赖民  陈立奇 《中国地球化学学报》2003,(1)

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全球气候变化及其影响   总被引：20，自引：2，他引：20       下载免费PDF全文

雷·Wen  查尔斯·A·Lin 《水科学进展》2003,14(5):667-674

全球气候变化及其对社会与自然系统产生的影响已日益受到全世界各国政府与广大民众的关注。与天气和气候有关的灾害给人类生命财产造成的损失日益增大,社会与生态系统似乎变得日趋脆弱。人们关心刚刚过去的20世纪的天气与气候发生了什么变化,更希望了解未来的21世纪,人类居住的地球会出现什么样的气候情景。根据一些国家和地区的观测记录、研究成果以及科学家们对气候变化的评估与预测展望,对全球气候变化问题进行概括。首先阐明20世纪地区性气候变化的事实;并根据政府间气候变化委员会(IPCC)科学技术报告中关于20世纪全球气候变化进行的总结性评估以及对21世纪全球气候变化的预测,作为阐述过去与未来全球气候变化的主要依据。同时,还介绍了一些科学家对IPCC关于全球气候变化的结论所持的不同观点或质疑。还就气候变化对社会与自然系统可能产生的影响略作论述。  相似文献