高密度电法中的"异常扩展效应"及归位计算方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯兵  张兴安  李有青 《物探与化探》2004,28(4):349-351,376

对高密度电法勘探的异常扩展效应问题进行了较深人的分析；提出了利用相关分析进行归位计算的方法。通过对球体及板状体的Pole-Pole、Wanner-alpha装置的异常归位计算，表明该方法对复杂异常的解释具有效果。  相似文献   

Seafloor spreading, obduction and triple junction tectonics of the Mineoka Ophiolite, Central Japan     

Yujiro Ogawa  Akiko Takahashi 《Tectonophysics》2004,392(1-4):131

The Tertiary Mineoka ophiolite occurs in a fault zone at the intersection of the Honshu and Izu forearcs in central Japan and displays structural evidence for three major phases of deformation: normal and oblique-slip faults and hydrothermal veins formed during the seafloor spreading evolution of the ophiolite at a ridge-transform fault intersection. These structures may represent repeated changes in differential stress and pore-fluid pressures during their formation. The second series of deformation is characterized by oblique thrust faults with Riedel shears and no significant mineral veining, and is interpreted to have resulted from transpressional dextral faulting during the obduction of the ophiolite through oblique convergence and tectonic accretion. This deformation occurred at the NW corner of a TTT-type (trench–trench–trench) triple junction in the NW Pacific rim before the middle Miocene. The third series of deformation of the ophiolite is marked by contractional and oblique shear zones, Riedel shears, and thrust faults that crosscut and offset earlier structures, and that give the Mineoka fault zone its lenticular (phacoidal) fabric at all scales. This deformation phase was associated with the establishment and the southward migration of the TTT Boso triple junction and with the kinematics of oblique subduction and forearc sliver fault development. The composite Mineoka ophiolite hence displays rocks and structures that evolved during its complex geodynamic history involving seafloor spreading, tectonic accretion, and triple junction evolution in the NW Pacific Rim.  相似文献   

Geometry of extensional faults developed at slow-spreading centres from pre-stack depth migration of seismic reflection data in the Central Atlantic (Canary Basin)     

T. J. Reston  C. R. Ranero  O. Ruoff  M. Perez-Gussinye  J. J. Dañobeitia 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,159(2):591-606

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Re-examination of the magnetic lineations of the Gascoyne and Cuvier Abyssal Plains, off NW Australia     

Masako S. Robb  Brian Taylor  Andrew M. Goodliffe 《Geophysical Journal International》2005,163(1):42-55

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A new assessment model for evacuation vulnerability in urban areas     

Xiaoyi Ma  Ci Song  Chenghu Zhou 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(12):2401-2420

In the high-speed urbanization process of China, the urban population has been increasing significantly, leading to a high-density aggregation of population. However, the sharp increase in population density has not produced commensurate improvements in the road networks. On the contrary, the population increase induced a serious evacuation vulnerability, which cities experience during various hazards and catastrophic events. Therefore, research on evacuation vulnerability is important to urban planning. To assess the evacuation vulnerability, the optimal and worst scenarios should be considered because all possible evacuation plans occur between these extremes. However, most previous evacuation vulnerability studies are based on the worst-case scenario, only providing an upper bound of a potential evacuation assessment. To provide a more comprehensive theoretical basis for decision-makers to understand the consequences caused by all possible evacuations, this paper proposes an optimal evacuation vulnerability assessment model that provides the lower bound on potential evacuation difficulties. The model is solved by a stepwise spreading algorithm based on Graph Theory. Subsequently, to evaluate the effectiveness of the model, the study adopts the model to assess the evacuation capability of different road network topologies. A comparison with previous research was performed. The model was demonstrated in an application to the South Luogu Alley of Beijing, China. The significance of this paper is that the combination of our model with previous research may provide a more complete theoretical basis for an evacuation vulnerability assessment.  相似文献   

西南印度洋中脊斜向扩张分段特征及构造成因探讨     

张华添  李江海  陶春辉 《地学前缘》2021,28(2):271-283

斜向扩张是超慢速扩张洋中脊独特的构造特征,其地形分段特征明显区别于经典的快速-慢速端元洋中脊模型,是理解超慢速扩张洋中脊地质过程的重要切入点。基于西南印度洋中脊Indomed-Gallieni和Shaka-DuToit段多波束地形数据,分析了不同斜向扩张角度(α)洋中脊的地形分段样式。其中,46.5°~47.5°E(α=5°)、16°~25°E(α=10°)和48.5°~52°E(α=15°)为近正向扩张段,发育雁列式叠置的中央火山脊;47.5°~48.5°E(α=50°)和16°~25°E(α=60°)为斜向扩张段,仅在洋脊段中部形成中央火山脊。利用有限差分+颗粒法(FD+MIC)数值模拟技术研究了洋中脊应变分布特征对不同α值的响应,结合地形分析,认为斜向扩张角度和温度异常分布共同控制了洋中脊地形分段样式。近正向扩张洋中脊(α＜20°)在温度异常处形成地壳伸展应变的集中区,有利于岩浆汇聚,发育雁列式叠置的中央火山脊,其位置随温度异常分布的变化而改变;斜向扩张洋中脊(α>20°)地壳伸展应变集中区的位置受斜向扩张几何样式控制,在洋脊段中部发育中央火山脊,对温度异常不敏感,形成位置长期固定的岩浆活动中心。  相似文献   

土地利用方式对岩溶断陷盆地土壤细菌和真核生物群落结构的影响     

李强 《地球学报》2021,42(3):417-425

土壤生物是土壤生态系统的重要组成部分,在生态系统物质循环和能量转化中占有重要的地位.为揭示土地利用方式对岩溶断陷盆地土壤生物的影响,在获取土壤理化性质及碳氮磷化学计量学特征的基础上,利用16S rRNA和18S rRNA高通量测序技术研究了弃耕地、草地、人工林和天然林等土壤细菌与真核生物的群落结构.C:N、C:P和N:P比变化规律为弃耕地<草地<人工林<天然林,土壤细菌和真核生物α多样性、互作网络表现出相反的变化规律.土壤磷、钾和钙是影响岩溶断陷盆地土壤细菌和真核生物群落结构和多样性的关键因素.RB41是决定岩溶断陷盆地土壤细菌-真核生物网络系统的关键类群.本研究结果为利用土壤生物进行石漠化治理及岩溶生态修复提供了理论基础.  相似文献   

Structural characteristics of the KPR-CBR triple-junction inferred from gravity and magnetic interpretations,Philippine Sea Plate     

《China Geology》2021,4(4):541-552

The intersection of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge (KPR) and the Central Basin Rift (CBR) of the West Philippine Basin (WPB) is a relic of a trench-trench-rift (TTR) type triple-junction, which preserves some pivotal information on the cessation of the seafloor spreading of the WPB, the emplacement and disintegration of the proto-Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) Arc, and the transition from initial rifting to steady-state spreading of the Parece Vela Basin (PVB). However, the structural characteristics of this triple-junction have not been thoroughly understood. In this paper, using the newly acquired multi-beam bathymetric, gravity, and magnetic data obtained by the Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, the authors depict the topographic, gravity, and magnetic characteristics of the triple-junction and adjacent region. Calculations including the upward continuations and total horizontal derivatives of gravity anomaly are also performed to highlight the major structural features and discontinuities. Based on these works, the morphological and structural features and their formation mechanisms are analyzed. The results show that the last episode amagmatic extension along the CBR led to the formation of a deep rift valley, which extends eastward and incised the KPR. The morphological and structural fabrics of the KPR near and to the south of the triple-junction are consistent with those of the western PVB, manifesting as a series of NNE-SSW- and N-S-trending ridges and troughs, which were produced by the extensional faults associated with the initial rifting of the PVB. The superposition of the above two reasons induced the prominent discontinuity of the KPR in deep and shallow crustal structures between 15°N–15°30′N and 13°30′N–14°N. Combined with previous authors’ results, we propose that the stress produced by the early spreading of the PVB transmitted westward and promoted the final stage amagmatic extension of the CBR. The eastward propagation of the CBR destroyed the KPR, of which the magmatism had decayed or ceased at that time. The destruction mechanism of the KPR associated with the rifting of the PVB varies along strike the KPR. Adjacent to the triple-junction, the KPR was destroyed mainly due to the oblique intersection of the PVB rifting center. Whereas south of the triple-junction, the KPR was destroyed by the E-W-directional extensional faulting on its whole width.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Complex　time－space　spreading　and　focal　mechanism　of　the　1989　Batang　earthquake　swarm　（M_s＝6．7）   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程万正  陈天长 《地震学报(英文版)》1994,(2)

Ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ　ｔｉｍｅ－ｓｐａｃｅ　ｓｐｒｅａｄｉｎｇ　ａｎｄ　ｆｏｃａｌ　ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　１９８９　Ｂａｔａｎｇ　ｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅ　ｓｗａｒｍ　（Ｍ＿ｓ＝６．７）（程万正）（陈天长）Ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｔｉｍｅ－ｓｐａｃｅｓｐｒｅ...  相似文献   

伊通地堑层序构成及层序地层格架样式   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

解习农  刘耀宗 《现代地质》1994,8(3):246-253

伊通地堑充填白垩系、下第三系、上第三系和第四系碎屑沉积物，厚约２０００～６０００ｍ。地堑内主要发育冲积扇体系、扇三角洲体系和湖泊体系，在地堑不同演化阶段分别构成６种沉积体系域类型．层序地层格架主要受控于构造、物源体系、湖的扩展及萎缩旋回和沉积中心分布。层序地层格架样式显示南北向隆回相间、东缓西陡的不对称式充填特征。  相似文献