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11.
P.J. Grantham 《Organic Geochemistry》1986,9(6)
The extent of sterane isomerisation reactions and the moretane/hopane ratios of 234 crude oils, taken world wide, from a wide variety of source rocks of differing geological ages, have been measured.This data indicates that in 78 crude oils derived from Tertiary source rocks, sterane isomerisation reactions as determined by the 20S/(20S + 20R) ration of the C29 5α(H), 14α(H), 17α(H) normal-steranes and the C29 iso/(iso + normal) ratio [iso = 5α (H), 14β(H), 17β(H)] are mainly incomplete and sometimes considerably so. In addition, the same crude oils have 17β(H), 21α(H)-moretane/17α(H), 21β(H)-hopane ratios which are significantly greater (predominantly in the range 0.10–0.30) than those of crude oils derived from older, mature source rocks (mainly less than 0.1).This data, for crude oils, lends support to the hypothesis, proposed by Mackenzie and McKenzie (1983) for source rock extracts, that the time/temperature constraints of sterane isomerisation reactions are such that the time available for isomerisation in Tertiary sediments is generally insufficient, despite generation of crude oil at relatively high temperatures.An alternative hypothesis is that the incomplete sterane isomerisation of Tertiary crude oils may be due to generation of these crude oils from their deltaic, land plant-containing source rocks under low heating conditions.A third hypothesis proposes that the Tertiary crude oils may have picked up the incompletely isomerised steranes from immature sediments during migration. Although possible in particular instances, such a mechanism does not appear to be generally applicable since, in that case, the phenomenon would then appear to be restricted to the Tertiary.The higher moretane/hopane ratios of the Tertiary crude oils could suggest that constraints, similar to those applying in sterane isomerisation, also operate in the conversion of moretane to 17α(H)-hopane. 相似文献
12.
Differences in reactivities of sedimentary hopane diastereomers when heated in the presence of clays
Mixtures of hopane diastereomers obtained by fractionation of the organic extract from an immature oil shale have been heated in the presence of clay-containing substrates. In experiments conducted at 250°C with an extracted source rock as the substrate, the relative amounts of 17β(H),21β (H)-hopanes were found to decrease with respect to the moretanes and 17α(H),21β(H)-hopanes in a manner parallelling that observed with increasing maturity in sediments. In this case however, the change was shown to be due to the selective removal of the 17β(H),21β(H)-hopanes, rather than conversion of these compounds into the other diastereomers. In order to assess whether the use of elevated temperatures was enhancing processes other than those which operate in natural systems, a second experiment was conducted in which the sample of immature hopanes was heated at 75°C with the very catalytically active substrate aluminum montmorillonite. In this experiment also, the changes in hopane composition was shown to be due to selective removal of 17β(H),21β(H)-hopanes rather than conversion into the corresponding compounds in the other two series of diastereomers. These results suggest that the observed relative depletion of 17β(H),21β(H)-hopanes in sedimentary rocks of increasing maturity may similarly be due to removal by selective catalytic processes, and not to interconversion processes associated with isomerisation at C-17 and C-21 as had previously been believed. 相似文献
13.
塔河油田原油甾藿烷系列化合物地球化学再认识 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
生物标志化合物是油气油源、成熟度、运移等领域研究中的一项得力工具。运用生物标志物色谱质谱技术,对比研究了塔河油田各油区原油生物标志化合物中甾、藿烷系列化合物特征。研究表明,塔河油田为一由晚期成熟高、轻微改造的原油与早期成熟度低、遭受较强降解原油混合而成的复合油藏,该油藏各区原油C27—C29甾烷同系物以及C27—C29重排甾烷特征反映出该区不同成熟度原油来自同一母源,原油Ts/(Tm Ts)、重排甾烷/规则甾烷和ββ/(ββ αα)C29比值关系立体图指示出原油的充注方向,印证了“塔河地区的油气主要来自于南部的满加尔坳陷”这一论点。 相似文献
14.
生物标志物藿烷类的单体碳稳定同位素研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对 5个广东泥炭样品和 3个准噶尔盆地西北缘原油样品中支链烷烃和环烷烃进行了分离,应用色谱 -同位素比值质谱 (GC -IRMS)测定了其中藿烷类单体碳稳定同位素比值,研究它们的碳同位素组成变化,结果表明泥炭中藿烷类δ13C为 - 2 1.7‰～ - 34.4‰,与湖相页岩和原油中藿类相比,相对富集13C;同一样品中,不同碳数和不同构型的藿烷之间,δ13C相差 4.4‰～ 1 2.8‰,说明同一沉积环境中可能生长具有不同碳同位素组成藿类先质的多种微生物,相对亏损13C的C29βα、C29ββ、C31βα藿烷可能来自甲烷菌,相对富集13C的C29αβ、C30 αβ藿烷可能来自化学自养型细菌;准噶尔盆地原油中藿烷类碳同位素δ13C为 - 30.6‰～ - 53.4‰,原油之间藿烷δ13C值具有明显差别,它们指示克乌断裂带东部原油来自二叠系,西部原油来自侏罗系与三叠系。 相似文献
15.
利用芳烃参数研究煤系烃源岩中重排藿烷成因 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
研究发现鄂尔多斯盆地部分地区上古生界煤系烃源岩存在较高丰度的17α(H)-重排藿烷和早洗脱重排藿烷,在对重排藿烷分布、组成特征及生标组成特征研究的基础上,应用芳烃参数对高丰度重排藿烷的成因进行了探讨。饱和烃生物标志物组成特征显示,高重排藿烷与陆源高等植物生源关系密切,主要在弱氧化沉积环境下演化形成。具有高-异常高丰度17α(H)-重排藿烷和早洗脱重排藿烷(C30*/C30H>0.2、C30E/C30H>0.1)的烃源岩二环+三环芳烃相对含量一般大于50%,四环、五环芳烃含量相对较低,普遍低于35%,未见芳香甾萜类,研究认为其生源主要为陆生高等植物;甲基菲指数MPI1、MPI2和甲基菲比值F1研究结果显示,Pr/Ph>1的弱氧化环境烃源岩17α(H)-重排藿烷和早洗脱重排藿烷在进入成熟阶段后开始大量形成,并随成熟度升高而增大;Pr/Ph<1还原环境下的烃源岩重排藿烷丰度相对较低,但在进入成熟阶段后仍有随成熟度升高而增大的趋势;三芴系列化合物参数表明,沉积环境的弱氧化性质对17α(H)-重排藿烷和早洗脱重排藿烷的形成有较大的影响,沼泽相沉积环境最有利于重排藿烷的形成。 相似文献