深井复合钻柱技术在特深科学钻探中的应用探讨          下载免费PDF全文

李立鑫  张丰琰  张恒春  汪伟  张毅  胡郁乐 《中国地质》2019,46(5):1200-1208

深井复合钻柱技术是解决特深科学钻探超长钻杆柱可靠性问题的重要途径,其与设备能力、材料性能、钻进条件及管柱力学等息息相关。本文系统总结了复合钻柱技术在我国深部钻探中的发展和应用情况,在复合钻柱强度理论的基础上,探讨了不同复合钻柱的组合方案及其极限下深。研究结果表明,若以?216 mm直径终孔,仅依靠钢质钻柱已无法满足特深钻探13000 m的下深要求,而采用V150钢级?127 mm钻杆配合?127 mm钛合金钻杆及S135钢级?127 mm钻杆配合?129 mm铝合金钻杆可分别满足最大13484 m和18783 m的下深要求,钻柱总重分别仅有360.5 t和324.3 t,均具备可靠的安全性保障。本文对特深科学钻探用复合钻柱的设计和选择具有参考意义。  相似文献   

冷组装铝合金钻杆螺纹副力学性能测试及失效分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘宝昌  李闯  张弛  马少明  孙永辉 《探矿工程》2017,44(6):13-17

与传统的钢制钻杆相比,铝合金钻杆具有密度小、比强度高、无磁等优点,因此在深井与超深井钻井作业中具有较大优势。在实际使用中,铝合金钻杆两端需要通过钢接头之间的螺纹来实现拧卸钻杆,而铝合金杆体与钢接头还需要过盈装配以实现紧固连接 。以液氮为冷源,对50 mm的7075铝合金钻杆管体与钢接头进行了“冷组装”过盈装配,铝合金管体与钢接头之间的过盈量分别为0.10、0.15、0.20 mm。对组装后两端带钢接头的铝合金钻杆分别进行了拉伸和扭转试验,评价了铝合金管体与钢接头连接的可靠性,对断裂试样的断口进行了宏观与微观分析,阐述了其断裂机理。结果表明,采用“冷组装”方式可以实现铝合金管体与钢接头的过盈装配,其中过盈量为0.15 mm时,带钢接头的铝合金钻杆综合性能较优,可以承受较大的抗拉强度极限和抗扭极限,其断裂方式为脆性断裂。  相似文献   

Microstructures and properties of TC4 ELI alloy with horizontal EBW for submersible manned cabin     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

The welding was one of the technologies to manufacture manned cabin, which was a significant part of the submersible. To improve the procedure, horizontal EBW was employed on TC4 ELI alloy with 60 mm thickness, and the microstructures and properties of the joints were investigated. The crystals and microstructures of the welds were homogeneous from the top to bottom, and the microhardness of the weld was equivalent, which was harder than that of the base metal. The tensile properties of the joints were homogeneous along the penetration. The tensile strength and yield strength of the joints were higher than those of the base metal, and the percentage elongation after fracture was 80% of the base metal, which indicated the strength mis-match as overmatching. The impact toughnesses of the welds were equivalent along the penetration, which reached 80% of the base metal. The joint specimens were bended to 180° with no cracks. The investigation verified the excellent procedure and properties of horizontal EBW, which would make China become one of the countries with the capacity of manufacturing submersible cabin.  相似文献   

国产热浸锌锚链的耐蚀性研究(Ⅱ):热浸锌材料的腐蚀性能     

马士德  孙森峰  刘欣  严清冉  李丽娜  许健平  王启冉  程坤  李博亮  陈仁娟  苟晓超  段继周 《海洋科学集刊》2017,(52):114-120

本文以热浸锌处理的CM系列钢为研究对象,通过盐雾处理进行了加速腐蚀试验,利用电化学极化测试分析了材料的腐蚀机理,利用扫描电镜和三维数字显微镜观察了材料的表面形貌。盐雾加速试验表明,随着时间增长腐蚀速度降低,主要是由于腐蚀产物膜抑制了腐蚀的阳极过程和阴极过程（产生钝化平台）。厌氧环境下的试验表明,在细菌繁殖到达高峰时产生了钝化平台,主要是形成致密、溶解度极小的ZnS腐蚀产物,在电极表面形成连续完整的腐蚀产物膜。以99.99%纯锌为原料的热浸锌产品在港湾海洋环境中有高的耐蚀性,其原因是由于腐蚀产物及锌-铁合金层的保护作用。  相似文献   

基于SMA连接件的半刚接钢框架-混凝土墙结构滞回性能试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

崔迪  王圳颖  孙丽  崔朦朦  崔晓波  吴聪 《世界地震工程》2020,(2):044-53

针对半刚接钢框架-混凝土墙(PSRCW)结构中连接件易发生疲劳断裂的问题,利用形状记忆合金(SMA)制成连接件并将其应用到PSRCW结构中。对4个2层单跨PSRCW结构试件在水平低周往复荷载作用下的抗震性能进行了试验研究。根据试验现象分析了各试件的受力破坏过程,研究了连接件类型、尺寸和布置位置对各试件的滞回性能、耗能能力、强度、刚度、延性和变形恢复能力的影响。试验结果表明:基于SMA连接件的PSRCW结构整体性较好、耗能能力强、结构强度退化具有2个平台阶段、刚度退化较为缓慢、延性好和结构具有较强的变形恢复能力。同时,增大SMA连接件的直径可以提高结构的承载能力、初始刚度和延性;在框架梁柱与内填墙交界面间均布置SMA连接件时,结构整体性最好,强度退化缓慢,延性好。因此,将SMA连接件应用于PSRCW结构中,对于改善钢混组合结构的力学性能有一定的理论意义和实用价值。  相似文献   

Shake table test and numerical study of self‐centering steel frame with SMA braces          下载免费PDF全文

Canxing Qiu  Songye Zhu 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(1):117-137

Given their excellent self‐centering and energy‐dissipating capabilities, superelastic shape memory alloys (SMAs) become an emerging structural material in the field of earthquake engineering. This paper presents experimental and numerical studies on a scaled self‐centering steel frame with novel SMA braces (SMAB), which utilize superelastic Ni–Ti wires. The braces were fabricated and cyclically characterized before their installation in a two‐story one‐bay steel frame. The equivalent viscous damping ratio and ‘post‐yield’ stiffness ratio of the tested braces are around 5% and 0.15, respectively. In particular, the frame was seismically designed with nearly all pin connections, including the pinned column bases. To assess the seismic performance of the SMA braced frame (SMABF), a series of shake table tests were conducted, in which the SMABF was subjected to ground motions with incremental seismic intensity levels. No repair or replacement of structural members was performed during the entire series of tests. Experimental results showed that the SMAB could withstand several strong earthquakes with very limited capacity degradation. Thanks to the self‐centering capacity and pin‐connection design, the steel frame was subjected to limited damage and zero residual deformation even if the peak interstory drift ratio exceeded 2%. Good agreement was found between the experimental results and numerical simulations. The current study validates the prospect of using SMAB as a standalone seismic‐resisting component in critical building structures when high seismic performance or earthquake resilience is desirable under moderate and strong earthquakes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

铁丝原位自转化-固相微萃取新涂层应用于萃取环境水样中多环芳烃的性能研究     

孙书堂  严倩  黎宁  黄理金  帅琴 《岩矿测试》2020,39(3):408-416

多环芳烃(PAHs)是一类具有致癌作用且难以降解的持久性有机污染物,广泛存在于环境中。环境中痕量PAHs的直接分析往往因检测手段的检出限达不到要求而存在困难,需要结合分离富集手段。常规的样品前处理技术如索氏提取、液液萃取等存在耗时长、使用大量有机溶剂等问题。因此为了提高效率、避免对自然环境的二次污染,有必要开发一种简便、环境友好的新型样品前处理技术。固相微萃取(SPME)是一种集采样、富集、进样于一体的无溶剂前处理技术,与气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)等技术联用可实现复杂基质中痕量有机物的快速富集和检测。目前SPME技术的研究热点主要集中在改善涂层的萃取性能以及提高其机械强度方面。本文采用铁丝(IW)作为载体,同时又提供了铁离子来源,以原位自转化的方式在具有良好机械稳定性的铁丝上生长出一层多孔结构的金属有机骨架化合物多孔膜[MIL-53(Fe)];将其作为固相微萃取涂层[IW@MIL-53(Fe)],以7种难挥发的稠环PAHs作为目标分析物,以浸入式模式进行萃取,并结合GC-MS作为检测手段验证其萃取性能。结果表明:新涂层的萃取性能是商用100μm PDMS涂层的1～2倍,且涂层可稳定使用120次以上。该方法的检出限为0.03～2.25ng/L,线性范围为250～10000ng/L,相关系数为0.9903～0.9991。将建立的方法应用于自然水体中PAHs的检测,加标回收率为80.1%～108.5%。本研究不仅为高性能SPME涂层简单、快速制备提供了新思路,而且所建立的方法有望应用于水体中痕量有机污染物的准确和高灵敏检测。  相似文献   

锗的重要迁移形式——锗氢化物   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑大中  郑若锋 《化工矿产地质》2006,28(3):140-148

经对锗及其氢化物的物理化学性质、有关矿床矿物流体包裹体化学成分、主要含锗矿物及锗矿物的化学成分、内生锗矿物的共生伴生矿物特征等相关问题的研讨,认为锗氢化物、锗合金氢化物是锗成矿的重要迁移形式。  相似文献   

Zinccopperite-A New Variety of Zinc-CopperIntermetallic Compounds Discovered in aPorphyry-Copper Deposit     

XIAO Yuanfu  SUN Yan  LU Yan  WEN Chunqi  WANG JiangzhenDepartment of Geology  Chengdu Institute of Technology  Shilidian  Chengdu  Sichuan Zhu Xiling 《《地质学报》英文版》1998,72(3):308-313

Zinccopperite (tentatively named) is a rare native alloy mineral discovered in quartz monzonite-porphyry in the Xifanping area, Yanyuan County, Sichuan Province. It is a new variety of zinc-copper alloy mineral found for the first time in the porphyry-copper deposit in China. Its intergrown minerals are K-feldspar (mainly perthite), albite-oligoclase, quartz and biotite; and the associated minerals include pyrite and chalcopyrite. It is characterized by a golden reflection colour, being isotropic (isometric), with the grain size ranging from 10 to 50 μm, microhardness VHN10= 190 kg/mm2, and reflectance RVis= 67.97%. Electron microprobe (Model JXA-733) analysis shows Cu = 59.15%-62.55% and Zn= 36.32%-39.85%. The crystallochemical formula is Cu6.27-7.0Zn4.0, simplified as Cu7Zn4.  相似文献   

分层式金刚石锯片刀头结构的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

段隆臣  汪国香  杨凯华  汤凤林 《探矿工程》1998,(4):43-46

在阐述了锯齿的磨损机理和分析了圆弧状凸齿产生的原因之后,从理论上推算出了分层式刀头的纯合金层的厚度,并结合生产试验得出了切割花岗岩用锯片刀头层数的计算公式。  相似文献