龙26-平25长水平段水平井钻井技术          下载免费PDF全文

孙妍 《探矿工程》2016,43(11):41-44

为了高效开发低渗透油藏,在大庆油田龙26区块部署了龙26-平25长水平段水平井。介绍了井身结构与井眼轨迹剖面设计特点,分析了钻井施工中的难点,从井眼轨迹控制、旋转地质导向钻井技术、摩阻与扭矩监测、井眼清洁等几个方面对该井采用的技术措施进行了详细阐述。龙26-平25井完钻井深4045.00 m,水平段长2033.00 m,各项指标均符合设计要求,创出了大庆油田应用水基钻井液施工水平井水平段最长的记录,为今后施工同类型长水平段水平井积累了宝贵的施工经验。  相似文献   

长螺旋钻机在粘性坚硬地层中的应用探讨          下载免费PDF全文

阮小峰  敢峰  孙俊志 《探矿工程》2016,43(8):72-76

以许昌市三国大剧院桩基工程为例,从普通长螺旋钻机、液压动力头钻机、利用变频技术的高自重大扭矩动力头钻机在坚硬地层钻进中遇到的问题和应对措施等几方面,论述了各款型长螺旋钻机对地层的适应性,为以后类似工程施工选择施工机械提供参考。  相似文献   

基于多套再分析数据的全球山脉力矩计算及比较分析     

巩贺  朱琳  黄玫 《气象学报》2017,75(3):471-480

山脉力矩是地球与大气角动量交换的重要途径之一,为了深刻地理解全球的大气环流变化,比较了NCEP再分析数据、欧洲中心中尺度天气预报的ECMWF再分析数据和NASA的MERRA再分析数据计算的1979-2012年的全球山脉力矩的时、空分布及其年际变化。研究发现三套数据计算的山脉力矩空间分布基本一致,均显示北半球的青藏高原、落基山脉以及南半球的安第斯山脉是对全球山脉力矩贡献最大的三个区域。NCEP再分析数据计算的山脉力矩空间差异和多年变化标准差明显高于其他两套数据,其在纬向上的积分廓线与其他两套数据也差异较大,但是全球积分以后其平均值与标准差与其他两套数据基本一致,而且其在欧亚、南美和北美区域的积分与其他两套数据也没有明显差别,因此,NCEP再分析数据适用于大尺度的山脉力矩模拟。在研究空间尺度较小的山脉力矩变化时,建议优先考虑ECMWF和MERRA再分析数据。三套数据对北美地区山脉力矩计算的一致性较高,其次是欧亚地区,对南美区域山脉力矩计算的一致性则较差,表明北美地区气象数据质量要高于亚洲,南美洲气象数据质量较差。欧亚地球山脉力矩与大西洋-欧洲环流有很强的相关,北美山脉力矩与太平洋区极涡面积关系密切。   相似文献   

Manned Testing of the Diver Gas Recovery Installation     

Mao Fangguan  Lu Shunchang Luo Ruiren Senior Engineer  Naval Medical Research Institute  P. L. A. of China  Shanghai  Senior Engineer  Navigation Guarantee 《中国海洋工程》1995,(4)

The Diver Gas Recovery Installation (DGRI) was evaluated at 80 msw saturation - 100 msw excursion diving on HeO2 in the Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) of China in April, 1995. The diving depth, lockout time, breathing gas flow rate and consumption, inspired oxygen partial pressure (PO2) and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2) were monitored. The results indicated that PO2 was controlled to fluctuate from 64.3 to 84.0 kPa and PCO2 went up from 0.01 kPa up to O.I kPa during 4 hours excursion diving; recovery of breathing gas reached 95%; three divers felt well and breathed comfortably during simulating heavy work. The test showed that it met desired performance goals. The DGRI is a kind of important equipment for long duration deep dive. It enables the gases exhaled by the divers to be re-cycled, and therefore it has great social, military and economic significance for diving operation and submarine rescue.  相似文献   

桶形基础平台海上沉放安装   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

李蔚  时忠民等 《海洋工程》2001,19(1):19-23

桶形基础平台是世界上一种最新型的海洋平台，可广泛应用于海上油气田开发。为满足我国际油气田开发中卫星平台的结构和功能要求，桶形基础平台采用新的压载沉放方法安装，具有更高的效率和经济性。沉放过程中桶形基础平台受到水流和波浪的作用，结合模型试验对平台运动进行数值模拟分析，以了解在整个沉放过程中相应参数的变化趋势。根据桶形基础平台的特征，制定联台沉放方案，并通过压载实现平台的沉放控制。  相似文献   

Shoaling Surface Gravity Waves Cause a Force and a Torque on the Bottom     

Kern E. Kenyon 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(6):1045-1052

Freely propagating surface gravity waves are observed to slow down and to stop at a beach when the bottom has a relatively gentle upward slope toward the shore and the frequency range of the waves covers the most energetic wind waves (sea and swell). Essentially no wave reflection can be seen and the measured reflected energy is very small compared to that transmitted shoreward. One consequence of this is that the flux of the wave’s linear momentum decreases in the direction of wave propagation, which is equivalent to a time rate of change of the momentum. It takes a force to cause the time rate of change of the momentum. Therefore, the bottom exerts a force on the waves in order to decrease the momentum flux. By Newton’s third law (action equals reaction) the waves then impart an equal but opposite force to the bottom. In shallow (but finite) water depths the wave force per unit bottom area is calculated, for normal angle of incidence to the beach, to be directly proportional to the square of the wave amplitude and to the bottom slope and inversely proportional to the mean depth; it is independent of the wave frequency. Constants of proportionality are: 1/4, the fluid density and the acceleration of gravity. Swell attenuation near coasts and some characteristics of sand movement in the near-shore region are not inconsistent with the algebraic structure of the wave force formula. Since the force has a depth variation which is significantly faster than that of the dimensions of the particle orbits in the vertical direction, the bottom induces a torque on the fluid particles that decreases the angular momentum flux of the waves. By an extension of Newton’s third law, the waves also exert an equal but opposite torque on the bottom. And because the bottom force on the waves exists over a horizontal distance, it does work on the waves and decreases their energy flux. Thus, theoretically, the fluxes of energy, angular and linear momentum are not conserved for shoaling surface gravity waves. Mass flux, associated with the Stokes drift, is assumed to be conserved, and the wave frequency is constant for a steady medium.  相似文献   

A review on the behavior of helical piles as a potential offshore foundation system     

Giovanni Spagnoli  Cristina de Hollanda Cavalcanti Tsuha 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(9):1013-1036

Abstract

Helical piles are used mainly to resist tension forces generated by uplift and overturning moments of various structures, therefore they have been suggested as a potential alternative to driven piles as offshore pile because they provide a large uplift capacity due to the anchor effect of the helix. To date no standards are available for the assessment of the use of helical piles in the offshore environment. State-of-the art installation and uplift capacity assessment is based on field onshore tests on small helical piles. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the current knowledge on helical piles considering uplift capacity, cyclic load, installation torque models and the parameters affecting the installation torque, to understand whether they can be considered for potential offshore applications. The paper could be of valuable interest for engineers and contractors involved in the offshore installation of piles.  相似文献   

A model of the galactic tidal interaction with the oort comet cloud     

John J. Matese  Patrick G. Whitman 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1992,54(1-3):13-35

We consider a model of the in situ Oort cloud which is isotropic with a random distrihution of perihelia directions and angular momenta. The energy distribution adopted has a continuous range of values appropriate for long-period (>200 yr) comets. Only the tidal torque of the Galaxy is included as a perturbation of comet orbits and it is approximated to be that due to a quasi-steady state distribution of matter with disk-like symmetry. The time evolution of all orbital elements can be analytically obtained for this case. In particular, the change in the perihelion distance per orbit and its dependence on other orbital elements is readily found. We further make the assumption that a comet whose perihelion distance was beyond 15 AU during its last passage through the Solar System would have orbit parameters that are essentially unchanged by planetary perturbations. Conversely, if the prior passage was inside 15 AU we assume that planetary perturbations would have removed the comet from the in situ energy distribution accessible by the galactic tide. Comets which had their perihelia changed from beyond 15 AU to within 5 AU in a single orbit are taken to be observable. We are able to track the evolution of 10⁶ comets as they are made observable by the galactic tidal touque. Detailed results are obtained for the predicted distribution of new (0 < 1/ < 10^–4 AU^–1) comets. Further, correlations between orbital elements can be studied. We present predictions of observed distributions and compare them with the random in situ results as well as with the actual observed distributions of class I comets. The predictions are in reasonable agreement with actual observations and, in many cases, are significantly different from random when perihelia directions are separated into galactic northern and southern hemispheres. However the well-known asymmetry in the north-south populations of perihelia remains to be explained. Such an asymmetry is consistent with the dominance of tidal torques today if a major stochastic event produced it in the past since tidal torques are unable to cause the migration of perihelia across the latitude barriers ±26°.6 in the disk model.  相似文献   

Influence of diaphragm wall installation on the numerical analysis of deep excavation     

Sebastien Burlon  Hussein Mroueh  Isam Shahrour 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(11):1670-1684

This paper presents a numerical analysis of the influence of initial stress state on the response of deep excavation supported by retaining wall. Indeed, the influence of diaphragm wall installation prior to excavation works may affect the soil response and lateral wall deflection induced by excavation process. The first part of this paper gives a short review of the numerical methods aimed to reproduce the retaining wall installation. Numerical analysis of a deep excavation in two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional conditions is then performed according to the methods previously presented. In three‐dimensional conditions, diaphragm wall installation is performed considering a sequence of panels, described by their number and length. Results of three‐dimensional calculations confirm that stress state is disturbed by wall installation, which has a sensitive effect on the ground response induced by soil excavation. It is also noted that these results are not easily reproduced in two‐dimensional conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

定点式横向声学多普勒流速剖面仪应用研究     

张泉荣  谢运山  王萍  姚允龙  王志保  谢悦波 《水文》2021,41(2):69-74

介绍了应用定点式横向声学多普勒流速仪进行实时流量在线监测方面的比测率定研究工作。主要从设备选型、安装位置、代表流速计算、单元流速区间选择、关系率定、精度评定、测点流速分析等方面进行了分析研究。通过设备选型、安装位置、单元流速区间选择等多方面的比较分析,选择最佳方案,进行比测分析,率定出代表流速与断面平均流速的关系。重点对设备安装位置、单元流速区间的选择、流速横向分布等进行比较分析,对于其他测站的类似H-ADCP监测方案有一定的指导意义。  相似文献