鄂尔多斯盆地东胜铀矿成矿作用研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李金宝  车明  李鑫  李继宏  李荣西 《地球科学与环境学报》2006,28(2):37-40

对东胜铀矿提出了物源、地层、古气候等3种成矿因素。岩相学与成矿矿物学研究表明,铀矿石中含有大量的方解石,并且长石与高岭石含量呈正相关,铀矿化与有机质也有一定的联系。结合铀矿地质特征初步分析认为,东胜铀矿是在氧化带铀元素以碳酸铀酰络合物搬运,在酸性介质条件下,还原带长石碎屑蚀变为高岭石,并有钙离子析出。当碳酸铀酰络合物从氧化带迁移到还原带,遇有大量钙离子时发生分解,出现铀矿石与方解石同时沉淀现象,有机质的还原作用也是铀矿沉淀的主要因素,经漫长的地质作用富集成工业矿体。  相似文献   

江西上饶龙门高岭石-叶蜡石矿的矿物组成及稳定同位素特征     

袁野  施光海 《地球学报》2012,33(2):176-184

在野外地质工作、镜下观察的基础上,采用电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射、氢氧稳定同位素测试等方法对江西上饶龙门高岭石-叶蜡石矿床矿石进行了分析。其主要组成矿物为高岭石族矿物、叶蜡石和石英,其次有少量的绢云母、黄铁矿和赤铁矿等。矿石中高岭石族矿物Hinckley指数为0.33～0.94,整体属于较无序高岭石,叶蜡石有2M型和1Tc型两种多型,以2M型为主。矿石的δ18O值为4.5‰～6.6‰,δD值为-71.7‰～-98.5‰。综合分析认为该矿床为晶屑玻屑凝灰岩受热液蚀变而成,其成矿热液主要来自大气降水,成矿温度为75℃～300℃,压力<1kb。  相似文献   

东营凹陷沙河街组储层高岭石分布特征及其影响因素     

郭佳  曾溅辉  宋国奇  张永旺  王学军  孟伟 《现代地质》2013,(5)

高岭石广泛分布于东营凹陷沙河街组的砂岩中,对储层物性具有重要影响,但其分布特征及其控制因素目前研究得比较少。利用铸体薄片鉴定、X衍射分析、阴极发光、扫描电镜等多种测试手段研究了东营凹陷沙河街组自生高岭石的发育和分布特征及其影响因素。研究结果表明：东营凹陷沙河街组的高岭石主要在1200～3600 m的深度范围内分布,其中沙二段和沙三段的高岭石相对含量较高;从沙一段至沙三段,中央隆起带高岭石的平均含量均高于北部陡坡带和南部缓坡带。沙河街组砂岩储层高岭石的分布明显受有机质热演化的影响。不同的温度（埋藏深度）控制着粘土矿物的形成和转化,从而影响着沙河街组不同层段高岭石的含量及其在平面和剖面的分布。超压对高岭石的分布具有重要的影响,由于超压作用,导致超压顶界面高岭石大量发育。中央隆起带构造活动比较强,有利于酸性流体从深部向浅部充注,并且流体动力比较强,导致沙一段至沙三段中央隆起带的高岭石含量较高。断层和不整合面复合输导体系可使大量酸性流体进入浅部储层,促使浅部砂岩储层高岭石大量发育。岩性和沉积微相通过改变高岭石形成和分布的流体化学和流体动力条件,从而对高岭石分布具有重要的影响。  相似文献   

Study of the free surface flow of water–kaolinite mixture by moving particle semi‐implicit (MPS) method     

J. Xie  Y.C. Tai  Y.C. Jin 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2014,38(8):811-827

The flow of water–kaolinite mixtures exhibits a non‐Newtonian nature that differs from the flow of Newtonian fluid. The varying viscosities and shear history of non‐Newtonian fluid flows necessitate the use of a rheology model in moving particle semi‐implicit (MPS) for the numerical studies. On the other hand, the Lagrangian method has the advantage of handling free surface flows with large deformation and fragmentation. This study proposes a mesh‐free Lagrangian method, namely, the MPS method, together with a simple rheology model to investigate the non‐Newtonian free surface flows. The rheological parameters required in the rheology model are determined based upon experiments. The proposed method is applied to a water–kaolinite mixture collapse problem and is proved to be capable of reproducing the significant flow features observed in laboratory experiments. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

巴林石透明度的影响因素探讨     

王妍  白峰 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(Z1):199-204

采用黄色系列巴林石,通过一系列实验初步查明了影响巴林石透明度的因素。通过透光率测试确定样品的透明程度,根据结果将样品分为好、中、差3个级别。运用扫描电镜观察和颗粒度统计、X射线粉晶衍射测试,从矿物平均颗粒度的大小及其均匀程度、高岭石族矿物的结晶有序度等方面对巴林石的透明度进行了研究。结果认为:高岭石族矿物的平均颗粒度大小、颗粒的均匀程度、结晶程度、杂质的含量和裂隙的发育程度是巴林石透明度的影响因素。  相似文献   

翡翠的白色次生变化产物初步研究     

王礼胜  吴晓  陶隆凤  肖滢 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(Z1):18-22

翡翠的白色次生物通常与褐色次生物共存,说明两者形成于相同的表生环境,即氧化环境。白色次生物既可以白沙皮的形式出现,也可以白色絮状物或白斑的形式存在于翡翠的裂隙及其附近颗粒之间。白色次生物在翡翠中以细小粘土矿物等的集合体形式分布于硬玉颗粒的边缘和裂隙中,以交代结构为主,充填结构为辅。结合红外光谱分析和电子探针测试可知,翡翠中的白色次生变化产物以高岭石或高岭石质为主,另外含有不常见的副钡长石和氟硅钙钠石,说明白色次生物的矿物组成较为复杂。  相似文献   

松辽盆地F油层高岭石、伊利石对储层物性、敏感性影响的实验研究     

赵振铎  闫百泉 《岩石矿物学杂志》2014,33(5):947-954

松辽盆地F油层砂泥岩互层发育,高岭石、伊利石为其主要粘土矿物,对研究储层物性及该油层的有效开发具有重要意义。本文通过对F油层90块天然岩心的室内研究发现,F油层渗透率、孔隙度随着高岭石相对含量的增加而增加,随着伊利石相对含量的增加而减小。砂岩层渗透性较好,高岭石相对含量较高,次生石英很少就地沉积,大量长石溶蚀孔隙得以保存;泥岩层渗透性差,伊利石相对含量较高。而且伊利石纤维状赋存和高岭石书页状赋存使砂岩层孔渗性更好,而使泥岩层孔渗性更差。该层开发过程中,高岭石、伊利石对储层物性的影响由室内岩心流动实验可知,F油层为中等强度偏弱速敏、中等强度偏强碱敏,速敏指数随着高岭石、伊利石绝对含量的增加而增加;储层的碱敏指数随高岭石绝对含量的增加而增加,而与伊利石含量无关。由于在所有粘土矿物中,高岭石相对含量接近一半,所以在F油层的开发过程要注重防范高岭石的碱敏、速敏损害。  相似文献   

Genesis and mineral transformations in Lower Cretaceous karst bauxites (NE Spain): climatic influence and superimposed processes     

Alfonso Yuste  Blanca Bauluz  María Jos Mayayo 《Geological Journal》2015,50(6):839-857

Four outcrops of Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) karst bauxites located in Teruel (NE Spain) were analysed to determine their mineral associations and genesis related to climatic palaeoweathering events and late superimposed kaolinization processes. The materials comprise metric‐sized pisolitic blocks embedded in a clay‐rich red groundmass. Fourteen samples were examined by X‐ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and the major elements were analysed by inductively‐coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICPMS). The samples are composed of kaolinite, gibbsite, goethite, and hematite as the main phases, with diaspore, boehmite, anatase, and rutile as accessory minerals. The results show a complex sequence of mineralogical and geochemical processes that transformed the parent rock into the current bauxite materials. The clay‐rich groundmass constitutes the lateritic parent material of the pisolitic bauxites. In the parent material authigenic kaolinite (e.g. vermicular kaolinite and kaolinite between cleavage sheets of pre‐existing mica) has been observed; Fe oxides formed subsequent to kaolinite. In the pisolitic bauxites, mineralogical and textural evidence indicates that bauxitization took place at the expense of previous kaolinite, with gibbsite post‐dating the other Al hydroxides. The pisolitic bauxites also show a more homogeneous chemical composition and a relative Ti, Al and Zr enrichment. The data are consistent with an intense palaeoweathering event during the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) under tropical climatic conditions (warm and humid). Several stages probably took place during the bauxitization process, suggesting variations in water saturation conditions. Subsequent karst reactivation stages and related collapses were responsible for the present lithostructure of the deposits and allowed late kaolinization not related to climate to take place. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

昌化田黄的矿物学特征及相关问题探讨     

王长秋  崔文元  徐健人  赵文雯 《岩石矿物学杂志》2010,29(Z1):48-55

昌化田黄是近年来市场上出现的产于浙江昌化玉岩山的一个新的田黄品种。68件样品的矿物学研究表明,昌化田黄主要组成矿物为迪开石、高岭石,并可含石英、明矾石、绢云母、褐铁矿、黄铁矿、辰砂等次要矿物,未见珍珠石。昌化田黄与寿山田黄具有相同成因,并具有田黄的石皮、石形、质地、石色、萝卜纹、红格等鉴定特征。昌化田黄在产状、块度、石形及矿物组成上与寿山田黄有差异,可资区别。  相似文献   

Sorption of phenanthrene on the complexes of kaolinite and different organic component     

Mengchang HE Yan SUN 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):264-264

Sorption of hydrophobic organic chemicals by various components influences their behavior and fate in environment. In the natural environment, mineral components, organic matter and microorganism didn＇t exist alone. They combined or reacted one another and formed the mineral-humic, mineral-microorganic and mineral- humic- microorganic complexes. A clear understanding of the sorption of organic chemicals by the complexes of mineral and humic acid and/or microorganism will help to determine their sorptive mechanisms in environment. In this paper, the sorption patterns of phenanthrene on the complexes of kaolinite and different organic component （humic acid and microorganism） have been carried on. The results show that the combination of HA and kaolinite not only changed the structure of HA, but also modified the surface chemistry of clay mineral. Interaction between HA and kaolinite is presumably ascribable to coulombic interactions and ligand exchange between the -COOH groups of HA and OH groups at the kaolinite surface. During the sorption on mineral surface, aliphatic fractions of HA were preferentially sored by kaolinite while aromatic fractions were left in the solution. More linear isotherms and higher Koc values were observed for kaolinite-HA complex in comparison of the pure HA. The sorption capacity of kaolinite-HA complex increased with increasing ionic strength and pH, and showed more nonlinear character. Kaolinite, microorganism and kaolinite-microorganism complex can all sorb phenanthrene, but the sorption capacity significantly differed. Bacterial cell sorbed more phenanthrene than kaolinite. The biofllm coating of kaolinite affected its sorption to phenanthrene. Kaolinite with biolfilm coating sorbed more phenanthrene than that without biofilm coating. The sorption capacity of kaolinite-microorganism complex decreased with increasing ionic strength and decreasing pH, but showed more nonlinear character. Both HA and microorganism can alter the nature of kaolinite sorbing phenanthrene respectively.  相似文献