晚第四纪MIS6以来柴达木盆地成盐作用对冰期气候的响应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈安东  郑绵平  宋高  王学锋  李洪普  韩光  袁文虎 《地质论评》2020,66(3):611-624

气候是控制柴达木盆地盐类沉积的主要因素之一,但是其作用机制尚待明确。作者以柴达木盆地察汗斯拉图盐湖的3个含盐剖面为研究对象,采用多接收电感耦合等离子质谱(MC-ICP-MS)铀系测年测定其沉积时代,并通过X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)分析测定其盐类矿物种类。铀系测年显示D18剖面石盐和芒硝层的沉积时代为13.1±2.0 ka BP～15.9±2.5 ka BP,其中芒硝沉积年代属于末次冰期MIS2晚期;MXK2剖面芒硝层的沉积时代分别为131.7±39.5 ka BP和158.3±10.8 ka BP,D12剖面芒硝层的沉积时代分别为166.6±20.2 ka BP和198.0±20.6 ka BP,可以对应于倒数第二次冰期MIS6。XRD分析确定了3个剖面的盐类矿物主要为芒硝、石盐和石膏。综合多个盐湖晚第四纪成盐数据,本文认为倒数第二次冰期MIS6和末次冰期MIS2是柴达木盆地晚第四纪重要的成盐期,冰期的冷干气候有利于石盐和芒硝等盐类沉积。柴达木盆地"冰期成盐"的根本原因,是由于冰期环境下盆地周边山体冰川规模的扩张以及干冷的冰期气候,共同造成了盐湖补给水量的减少。此外,晚第四纪MIS6和MIS2的冰期降温也是导致盆地中冷相盐类沉积的直接原因。  相似文献   

Late quaternary glacial stades in the Cordillera Central,Colombia, based on glacial geomorphology,tephra–soil stratigraphy,palynology, and radiocarbon dating     

Jean-Claude Thouret  Thomas Van Der Hammen  Barry Salomons  Etienne Juvign 《第四纪科学杂志》1997,12(5):347-369

Using data from glacial geomorphology, tephra–soil stratigraphy and mineralogy, palynology, and radiocarbon dating, a sequence of glacial and bioclimatic stades and interstades has been identified for the last ca. 50000 yr in the Ruiz-Tolima massif, Cordillera Central, Colombia. Six Pleistocene cold stades separated by warmer interstades occurred: before 48000, between 48000 and 33000, between 28000 and 21000, from ≥16000 to ca. 14000, ca. 13000–12400, and ca. 11000–10000 yr BP. Although these radiocarbon ages are minimum-limiting ages obtained from tephra layers on top of tills, the tills are not significantly older because most are bracketed by dated tephra sets in measured stratigraphic sections. Two minor moraine stages likely reflect glacier standstill during cold intervals ca. 7400 yr BP and slightly earlier. Finally, glaciers readvanced between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. In contrast to the ice-clad volcanoes of the massif, ca. 34 km² in area above an altitude of ca. 4800 m, the ice cover expanded to 1200 km² during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and was still 800 km² during Late-glacial time (LGT). Glacier reconstructions based on the moraines suggest depression of the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) by ca. 1100 m during the LGM and 500–600 m during LGT relative to the modern ELA, which lies at ca. 5100 m in the Cordillera Central. Glaciers in this region apparently reached their greatest extent when the climate was cold and wet, e.g. during stades corresponding to Oxygen Isotope Stage 3; glaciers were still expanding during the LGM ca. 28000–21000 yr BP, but they shrank considerably after 21000 yr BP because of greatly reduced precipitation. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Three‐dimensional Evolutionary Models of the Qiongxi Structures,Southwestern Sichuan Basin,China: Evidence from Seismic Interpretation and Geomorphology   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

JIA Qiupeng  JIA Dong  LUO Liang  CHEN Zhuxin  LI Yiquan  DENG Fei  SUN Shengsi  LI Haibin 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(2):372-385

Fold terminations are key features in the study of compressional fault-related folds. Such terminations could be due to loss of displacement on the thrust fault or/and forming a lateral or oblique ramp. Thus, high-quality seismic data would help unambiguously define which mechanism should be responsible for the termination of a given fault-related fold. The Qiongxi and Qiongxinan structures in the Sichuan Basin, China are examples of natural fault-propagation folds that possess a northern termination and a structural saddle between them. The folds/fault geometry and along-strike displacement variations are constrained by the industry 3-D seismic volume. We interpret that the plunge of the fold near the northern termination and the structural saddle are due to the loss of displacement along strike. The fault geometry associated with the northern termination changes from a flat-ramp at the crest of the Qiongxinan structure, where displacement is the greatest, to simply a ramp near the northern tip of the Qiongxi structure, without forming a lateral or oblique ramp. In this study, we also use the drainage pattern, embryonic structure preserved in the crest of the Qiongxinan structure and the assumption that displacement along a fault is proportional to the duration of thrusting to propose a model for the lateral propagation of the Qiongxinan and Qiongxi structures. Specifically, we suggest that the structure first initiated as an isolated fault ramp within brittle units. With increased shortening, the fault grows to link with lower detachments in weaker shale units to create a hybridized fault-propagation fold. Our model suggests a possible explanation for the lateral propagation history of the Qiongxinan and Qiongxi structures, and also provides an alternative approach to confirming the activity of the previous Pingluoba structure in the southwestern Sichuan Basin in the late Cenozoic.  相似文献   

南海北部陆坡ZSQD196PC柱状样末次间冰期以来的古海洋学记录：氧同位素、有孔虫和硅藻     

李顺  张江勇  钟和贤  高红芳  陈炽新  庄畅 《海洋地质前沿》2013,(11):32-38

为了解南海北部陆坡末次间冰期以来的古海洋沉积环境演化特征,对研究区ZSQD196PC柱状样有孔虫、硅藻及有孔虫氧同位素资料开展了分析。依据沉积有孔虫、硅藻主要属种的百分含量、丰度及组合特征,将有孔虫划分为3个组合,分别对应于氧同位素MIS1、2、3~4期;将硅藻划分为4个组合,大致对应于MIS1~4期。MIS1期有孔虫以暖水种占优势,Pulleniatina obliquiloculata百分含量显著升高;硅藻丰度低且以热性种占优势,其中冷期出现大量沿岸种,反映相对温暖的气候条件。MIS2~4期有孔虫以冷水种占优势,温跃层种含量相对较高;硅藻丰度高且以广布种占优势,出现沿岸种含量的升高,反映较冷的气候条件。通过对比浮游有孔虫氧同位素,分析讨论了末次盛冰期、Blling—Allerd暖期和新仙女木事件在ZSQD196PC柱状样的沉积响应,揭示了末次冰期中的气候波动。  相似文献   

西秦岭迭山西北部冰川地貌分布及其特征     

赵井东  王杰  沈永平  殷秀峰  伍云飞 《冰川冻土》2013,35(4):841-847

迭山西北部位于青藏高原的东缘, 属西秦岭山脉的西段. 在海拔3 700 m以上保存有类型较为齐全的冰蚀地形(冰斗、刃脊、U形谷、悬谷、粒雪盆、鲸背岩与基岩磨光面等)与冰碛地形(侧碛垄与终碛垄). 采用野外考察、遥感影像解译与填图等方法对该区的冰川地貌分布及其特征进行了探讨. 基于研究区冰川地形分布与特征, 结合青藏高原现代的抬升速率、邻近山地冰川地形的年代学资料以及其他古环境研究成果进行综合分析得出: 该区的古冰川发育于末次冰期, 末次冰期最盛期是其最主要的形成期. 冰川最盛时面积约38 km², 为具有暖底性质的冰帽冰川.  相似文献   

虚拟钻孔控制的地质剖面图构建算法与实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周良辰  林冰仙  闾国年 《地球信息科学学报》2013,15(3):356-361

地质剖面图构建采用的数据源多为钻孔数据,对于构建过程中的地层尖灭、剖面图光滑处理等问题的相应算法应用较为复杂,稳定性与健壮性不尽如人意。针对这些问题,本文提出一种虚拟钻孔控制的地质剖面图构建算法。首先,根据地层尖灭处理策略构建其虚拟钻孔;其次,依据细分光滑策略采用4 点插值细分算法构建其虚拟钻孔;然后,对地层线要素进行多边形拓扑重建,构建地层多边形实体;最后,综合各项地质剖面图制图要素进行整饰输出。本文将虚拟钻孔引入地质剖面图构建的各个环节中作为算法中间单元,有效简化了建模算法实现过程,确保了算法的稳定性与高效性。实例表明,采用本文算法所构建的地质剖面图能正确反映研究区域的地质构造,增加了细分次数,可明显提高出图平滑效果。  相似文献   

Precipitation cycles in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River （1736-2000）   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

郝志新  郑景云  葛全胜 《地理学报(英文版)》2008,18(1):17-25

Based on the long-term precipitation series with annual time resolution in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and its four sub-regions during 1736-2000 reconstructed from the rainfall and snowfall archives of the Qing Dynasty, the precipitation cycles are analyzed by wavelet analysis and the possible climate forcings, which drive the precipitation changes, are explored. The results show that： the precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River has inter-annual and inter-decadal oscillations like 2-4a, quasi-22a and 70-80a. The 2-4a cycle is linked with El Nino events, and the precipitation is lower than normal year in the occurrence of the El Nino year or the next year; for the quasi-22a and the 70-80a cycles, Wolf Sun Spot Numbers and Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） coincide with the two cycle signals. However, on a 70-80a time scale, the coincidence between solar activity and precipitation is identified before 1830, and strong （weak） solar activity is generally correlated to the dry （wet） periods; after 1830, the solar activity changes to 80-100a quasi-century long oscillation, and the adjusting action to the precipitation is becoming weaker and weaker; the coincidence between PDO and precipitation is shown in the whole time series. Moreover, in recent 100 years, PDO is becoming a pace-maker of the precipitation on the 70-80a time scale.  相似文献   

Precipitation cycles in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River (1736?2000)     

HAO Zhixin  ZHENG Jingyun  GE Quansheng 《地理学报》2008,18(1):17-25

Based on the long-term precipitation series with annual time resolution in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and its four sub-regions during 1736?2000 recon-structed from the rainfall and snowfall archives of the Qing Dynasty, the precipitation cycles are analyzed by wavelet analysis and the possible climate forcings, which drive the precipita-tion changes, are explored. The results show that: the precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River has inter-annual and inter-decadal oscillations like 2?4a, quasi-22a and 70?80a. The 2?4a cycle is linked with El Ni?o events, and the precipitation is lower than normal year in the occurrence of the El Ni?o year or the next year; for the quasi-22a and the 70?80a cycles, Wolf Sun Spot Numbers and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) coincide with the two cycle signals. However, on a 70?80a time scale, the coincidence between solar activity and precipitation is identified before 1830, and strong (weak) solar activity is generally correlated to the dry (wet) periods; after 1830, the solar activity changes to 80?100a quasi-century long oscillation, and the adjusting action to the precipitation is be-coming weaker and weaker; the coincidence between PDO and precipitation is shown in the whole time series. Moreover, in recent 100 years, PDO is becoming a pace-maker of the precipitation on the 70?80a time scale.  相似文献   

1961—2008年阿勒泰地区异常初终霜日变化特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

白松竹  李焕  田忠锋 《气象与环境学报》2010,26(5):25-29

以小于等于0 ℃最低气温作为霜冻指标,利用1961—2008年阿勒泰地区7个测站的逐日最低气温资料,采用现代气候诊断分析方法,分析了该地区初、终霜日和无霜期的气候变化特征。结果表明：近48 a来阿勒泰大部分地区呈初霜迟、终霜结束的早、无霜期延长的趋势,使作物生长季延长,其中哈巴河表现最为显著;极早初霜日发生频数为2—6次,以富蕴最多,极晚终霜日发生频数为1—4次。各站最迟、最早初霜日的差值和最早、最迟终霜日的差值均在30 d以上;哈巴河霜日发生了气候突变。  相似文献   

近40 年山西省初终霜日的变化特征   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

钱锦霞  张霞  张建新  范辽生  武捷 《地理学报》2010,65(7):801-808

利用山西省境内分布较为均匀的52 个地面气象站1970-2009 年的霜日观测资料,采用线性倾向估计法、累积滤波器法结合非参数统计检验方法分析了初终霜日的基本特征及其变化趋势;利用M-K法分析了霜日的突变特征。结果表明：初霜日、终霜日的出现以及无霜期的长短与地理因素密切相关,随着纬度逐渐偏北、海拔逐渐升高,初霜日提前、终霜日推后、无霜期缩短。从全省平均情况看,初霜日呈现显著的推后趋势,无霜期呈现显著的延长趋势,而终霜日的变化则以波动为主,线性变化趋势不显著。从突变检测情况看,初霜日、终霜日和无霜期在40 年间均存在一次明显突变,初霜日的突变点出现在2000 年,终霜日和无霜期的突变点出现在1997 年。从变化趋势的空间分布看,初霜日显著推后的区域大片集中在晋中东部、吕梁北部和忻州西部,以及分散在运城南部、临汾西北部和大同南部。终霜日显著提前的区域位于晋中东部山区、吕梁山东部和忻州西部。无霜期显著延长的区域位于西北部黄河沿岸、省境中东部和运城南段。变化趋势为初霜日提前、终霜日推后和无霜期缩短的区域未通过显著性检验。  相似文献