星湖水动力条件及水质模型的研究 Ⅰ.水动力条件与水环境质量调查     

李耀初  李适宇  周劲风  贾艳双  杨广杏  谢镜明 《海洋与湖沼》2001,(1)

对广东省肇庆市星湖水位、水量平衡、入湖污染源和水质现状进行了近2年的实测调查，并结合历史资料，分析了星湖水动力特征、水质现状特征和水质变化趋势。结果表明：星湖水源补给主要是北岭山汇集的雨水和湖面降雨；湖水位主要受人工调节及降雨的影响，常年变幅不大；湖泊交换系数为1.17；生活污水是主要的污染源，主要的水环境问题是有机污染和富营养化；最近几年来，总体水质状况变化不大。针对以上特点，提出了几条治理建议。  相似文献   

利用潮汐动力减轻深圳河污染的水力条件计算分析     

丁坚  张弛  童朝峰 《海洋通报》2005,24(1):56-61

建立了深圳河非恒定流数学模型，模型中考虑了过闸水头突变的计算方法，采用拉格朗日法研究深圳河上游的罗芳污水处理厂和滨河污水处理厂所排出污水沿深圳河的运动过程，计算分析了利用潮汐动力减轻深圳河污染的水力条件。结果表明，深圳河口建闸3种不同调控方案下污水运移至深圳河口的总时间有所增加，这对于减轻深圳河的污染情况不利；从大鹏湾抽调清水以增加上游来水量则会大大缩短污水运移至深圳河口的时间，从而减轻深圳河的污染状况。  相似文献   

有机污染对中国对虾体内外环境影响的研究   总被引：84，自引：2，他引：84  

丁美丽  林林  李光友  朱谨钊 《海洋与湖沼》1997,28(1):7-12

于１９９４－１９９５年分二批人工配合饵料作为有机污染源，进行有机污染对中国对虾体内外环境影响的研究，结果表明：１．经１０ｄ，试验池水中的ＤＯ含量明显降低，而ＣＯＤＮＨ３－Ｎ，ＮＯ２－Ｎ等迅速增加，分别是对照的２．５，２．１，１１．３倍，Ｈ２Ｓ含量轻２８ｄ后为对照组２．１倍，同时，试验组各菌群的密度也分别比对照组增加２－３个数量级，２．试验且虾的超氧化物歧化酶，酚氧化酶及溶菌酶的活性比对照组显著下降  相似文献   

中太平洋海盆碳酸钙溶解带及其特征     

沈华悌  兰翔 《海洋学研究》1997,15(4):29-37

本文通过对不同水深区沉积物中组分、生物面貌、矿物、ＣａＣＯ３含量和碳酸钙溶解率等特征的分析和对比，把本区碳酸钙溶解深度带划分为碳酸钙溶跃面（小于３７００ｍ）、弱溶带（３７００～４８００ｍ）、强溶带（４８００～５２００ｍ）和全溶带（大于５２００ｍ）。提出本海域碳酸钙补偿深度界面约在５２００ｍ。文中还阐述了不同碳酸钙溶解带及其沉积物特征，认为造成这种特征的主要原因是随着水深变化碳酸钙溶解程度不同以及与南极底层流等因素的影响有关。  相似文献   

Effect of oil pollution on gluthione and relative enzyme in oyster(Saccostrea cuculiata)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Chen Rong  Zheng Weiyun  Yu Qun  Yu Ang  Peng Lihong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(1):145-150

The oysters ( Saccostrea cuculiata ) were collected from four stations around Xiamen Island (Lundu Port, Xinglin Bay, Tong" an Bay, Huangcuo). The relation between the level of petroleum hydrocarbon in whole tissue and the contents of glutathione (GSH), the activity of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in digestive gland and gill were investigated. The results showed: (1) The contents of petroleum hydrocarbon in oyster collected from four stations (Lundu Port, Xinglin Bay, Tong'an Bay, Huangcuo) were 380.68, 112.34, 27.31, 20.37μg/g wet weight, respectively; (2) the activity of Se-GPx and GST in digestive gland was lower than that in gill, and the content of GSH seemed reversibly; (3) among the four stations, both Se-GPx and GST activity of digestive gland and gill in Saccostrea cuculiata sampled from the four stations showed a good correlation with whole tissue petroleum hydrocarbon, could be as biomarkers of sea oil pollution.  相似文献   

性畸变在三丁基锡污染的生物监测中的应用     

李正炎 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(4):480-486

该文概述三丁基锡在海洋防附着涂料中的应用及其环境效应，综述因TBT污染而导致某些螺类雌性个体中发育出雄性性征的性畸变现象发生情况，探讨性畸变在TBT污染生物监测中的应用。并以香港地区性畸变的发生为例，论证性畸变在生物监测中的应用，同时比较香港及世界其他地区性畸变的程度。  相似文献   

新疆北山大地构造属性及演化特征   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

张旺生 《新疆地质》1992,(2)

本文首次提出新疆北山古生代大地构造属性为板内断裂造山带,具有下列基本特征:①造山带形成和发展受主断裂控制;②以成熟度低、分选差的陆源碎屑沉积为主;③岩浆活动有其本身的特点;④横向不均一性特征非常突出;⑤剖面结构构造特征,主要从造山带两侧分别向外缘逆冲,构成背冲型;⑥空间上由三个断裂造山带平行排列组合在一起;⑦时间上经历了三个断裂造山旋回。  相似文献   

渭河干流浅层地下水与地表水中重金属Cd污染特征及风险评价     

赵玉 《地球科学与环境学报》2020,(2):267-277

为了解渭河流域水体重金属污染现状及健康危害风险,沿渭河干流采集浅层地下水和地表水水样,采用单因子指数法和美国环境保护署(USEPA)健康风险评价模型揭示了水体中重金属Cd污染现状和健康风险。结果表明:2018年渭河干流地下水和地表水中Cd浓度分别为426.40~1104.27 ng·L^-1和224.70~1154.12 ng·L^-1;参照《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848-2017)和《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)得知,地下水和地表水中Cd浓度均在GB/T 14848—2017和GB 3838-2002Ⅰ~Ⅲ类标准限值内;水体中Cd浓度表现出明显的空间分异性,沿河流流向均表现为逐渐增加的趋势;地下水与地表水中Cd浓度高值区相一致,即集中分布于陕西省兴平市和渭南市临渭区;由水体中Cd浓度单因子指数评价结果可知,渭河干流水体中Cd污染属于清洁水平;沿河流流向,渭河中游和下游水体中Cd浓度单因子污染指数远高于上游;水体中重金属Cd对成人和儿童产生的致癌风险分别为(1.48~2.05)×10^-4和(1.84~2.55)×10^-4,说明水体中Cd对人体可能会产生一定的健康风险。  相似文献   

The sudestadas: a hydro-meteorological phenomenon that affects river pollution (River Luján,South America)     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(4):702-712

Abstract

The “sudestadas” are short-term hydro-meteorological phenomena that produce a “hydraulic plug”, preventing the normal drainage of the water courses in the Río de la Plata Estuary. The purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of the sudestadas on the water quality of the Lower River Luján, which discharges into the Río de la Plata Estuary (59°37′W; 34°43′S). Samplings were conducted from November 1998 to July 2001 at six sites on the lower stretch of river. Physical and chemical variables were measured and a nonparametric test was applied to each variable, grouping samples affected and non-affected by sudestadas, which further diminish the water quality of the river. The frequency and intensity of sudestadas are predicted to increase as a consequence of the Earth's warming; thus, this research suggests that the environmental risk produced by the effects of global change, will be greater.  相似文献   

Investigation and evaluation of contamination in dredged reclaimed land in China     

Jianxiu Wang  Yansheng Deng  Dongsheng Song  Wuji Liu  Mingzhi Hu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(5):603-616

Large-scale reclamation projects have been developing rapidly in China’s coastal lands since 2000. In this study, the scale and pollutant contents of reclaimed lands were collected from published data and field surveys. Over 80% of the gross area was formed using hydraulic reclaimed technology. The pollution index, geoaccumulation index, and Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) of 13 pollutant types were calculated based on the collected data. The potential pollution within major newly reclaimed lands was evaluated with valid pollutant data from sediments of the neighboring water. All reclaimed lands larger than 30?km² were slightly to seriously polluted with Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg, As, and Ni according to NIPI. The reclaimed fields in Hengsha Island, Binhai Tower, and Lingang New City of Shanghai were selected as verification sites for the pollution evaluations. The Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, As, and Ni concentrations in dredged soils determined through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry showed a generally good soil quality within the typical reclaimed fields. Principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses indicated that the relatively high As content in the reclaimed soils was due to the internal pollutants of dredging fills and originated from anthropogenic sources.  相似文献