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101.
102.
Participatory fisheries management has been increasingly proposed as a useful management approach to address fisheries problems. However, the criteria regarding its applicability and measures of success still seem unclear. This study reviews the main concepts and theory behind two participatory resource-management approaches and compares them to the reality of fisheries management in Costa Rica. The analysis shows that while the implementation of a participatory approach in fisheries management should be encouraged, it is essential to keep in mind the possible limitations these approaches have. Furthermore, it seems important to improve institutional coordination and develop social, legal and economic policies that will allow the state, together with coastal communities, to contribute in an effective way to fisheries management. 相似文献
103.
海洋作业渔船管理系统的设计与运行试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对渔政管理指挥系统建设项日中的业务软件部分渔船管理系统的设计方案进行了介绍。根据我国渔洋作业渔船的实际管理模式,提出了渔船管理系统设计方案。系统通过网络化的业务处理和管理流程,规范渔船建造、审批、登记以及捕捞许可证发放等管理业务,实现渔船控制指标的统一分配,以控制捕捞业发展规模和保护我国的渔业资源。系统以Microsoft VB6.0,Delphi6.0开发,在Window98/2000/XP环境下运行。通过运行试验,对系统运行环境进行了评估,为渔政管理信息化的建设、系统升级提供了经验和技术依据。 相似文献
104.
Access to information about past states of the environment and social systems is fundamental to understand, and cope with, the challenges of climate change and over-exploitation of natural resources at the onset of the 21st century. The loss of (old) data is a major threat to understanding better and mitigating long-term effects of human activities and anthropogenic changes to the environment. Although this is intuitively evident for old and local literature of any kind, even present-day international publishing of papers without the underlying raw data makes access to basic information a crucial issue. Here, we summarise experience resulting from a EU-funded International Science & Technology Cooperation (INCO) project (CENSOR) addressing Coastal Ecosystem Research and Management in the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) context. We show that indeed “Grey Literature” is still one of the most important sources of knowledge about natural science research and management of natural resource systems in Latin American countries. We argue that public archiving of original data of present-day research and old (Grey) Literature and easy public access are important for appreciating today's global environmental challenges caused by human activities, both past and present. 相似文献
105.
李柱臣 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1992,2(1):56-63
The Loess Plateau is one of China s developing areas where socio-econ-omy is backward, ecological environment deteriorated and people's life difficult.The purpose of carrying out comprehensive development of the area's agriculture is, in essence, to open up new fields of agro-production, to intensify the utilization of related resources, to raise productivity and to win bigger output. The decision is important, as by so doing, the physical landscape could be tranformed, the local economy could be flourished, and the people's standard of living could be improved, and moreover the national development strategy of "depending on the East and shifting to the West" and building Shanxi Province into an energy and chemical industrial base could be realized.Based on field investigations in recent years, the auther proposed the purpose, target, principles, steps, tactics and strategies for the comprehensive development of the are's agriculture. 相似文献
106.
107.
电子地图在走向产业化、实用化的过程中,人们越来越感到电子地图的显示所产生的问题不能被忽视。目前,对电子地图显示缺少系统的研究,特别是从理论、技术和实际应用层面相结合的研究还比较少见。因此,在分析基础电子地图显示存在问题的基础上,以地图制图理论为指导,研究了基础电子地图的显示特点,提出了基础电子地图显示研究的理论框架,并针对基础电子地图自适应变焦显示、可视化表达以及显示风格转换系统的研制等关键问题进行了探讨和实践。 相似文献
108.
An algorithm (differential mode) is presented for the improvement of harmonic tidal analysis along T/P tracks, in which the differences between the observed sea surface heights at adjacent points are taken as observations. Also, the observation equations are constrained with the results of the crossover analysis; the parameter estimations are performed at 0.1° latitude intervals by the least squares. Cycle 10 to 330 T/P altimeter data covering the China Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean (2°-50° N,105°-150° E) are adopted for a refined along-track harmonic tidal analysis, and harmonic constants of 12 constituents in 8 474 points are obtained, which indicates that the algorithm can efficiently remove non-tidal effects in the altimeter observations, and improve the precision of tide parameters. Moreover, parameters along altimetry tracks represent a smoother distribution than those obtained by traditional algorithms. The root mean squares of the fitting errors between the tidal height model and the observations reduce from 11 cm to 1.3 cm. 相似文献
109.
选择位于长江下游的固城湖流域作为研究区域,基于分布式流域水文模型SWAT,采用数值模拟的手段,反演了1951~2000年流域农业非点源氮、磷的输移规律。模拟结果与实测值的一致性反映了模型的良好模拟能力。比较两个时段的模拟结果发现,1981~2000年,流域农业非点源氮、磷年平均浓度和输移量分别为:总氮0.82mg/L和411.88×103kg/a,总磷0.084mg/L和43.04×103kg/a;远高于1951~1960年的氮、磷年平均浓度和输移量分别为:总氮0.22mg/L和49.55×103kg/a,总磷0.036mg/L和7.67×103kg/a。模拟主要反映了流域下垫面条件和农作物耕作模式对农业非点源氮、磷浓度及输移量的影响。 相似文献
110.
Xin Li Dongliang Wang Baoquan Liu Chunling Ren Jianying Guo Xuefeng Su Jian Wang 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(4):412-419
The northern margin of the Qaidam Basin is one of the main oil-gas exploration areas in western China, where source rocks are composed mostly of Middle and Lower Jurassic dark mud shale, carbargillite and coal. A large number of subsurface and outcrop samples differing in lithology with different types of organic matter were selected for resource evaluation, research and calculation. And among them, 13 samples were used for simulation experiment on hydrocarbon generating potential of various source rocks. At first, two kinds of heating modes were compared through simulation experiment, including single temperature-step heating and continual heating. Perhaps, the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion occurred naturally between a close system and an open system. In addition, the first heating mode was convenient, and all its reaction products were involved in the whole thermal evolution, and the final simulation experimental results were basically in consistency with the natural evolution trend Therefore, the first heating mode was adopted and the hydrocarbon yield of every sample was worked out. According to the type and lithology of organic matter and the hydrocarbon yield of samples for simulation experiment, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mode with three kinds of lithology and five types of source rock has been established to provide the basis for hydrocarbon generation evaluation, research and resource calculation. 相似文献