一株抗硅藻附着的海绵附生菌的鉴定及发酵条件优化          下载免费PDF全文

刘书宇  俞思羽  夏翊腾  靳翠丽  张立奎  周晓见 《应用海洋学学报》2016,35(4):499-506

为了从海绵共附生微生物中寻找天然高效抗污损活性物质,本文针对前期研究获取的4株具有显著抗硅藻附着的活性菌株进行活性验证和比较,选出其中最优菌株进行菌种鉴定及发酵条件优化.比较了活性菌株对小新月菱形藻(Nitzschia closterium)、咖啡双眉藻(Amphora coffeaeformis)、碎片菱形藻(Nitzschia frustulum)附着的抑制活性,确定菌株UST050418-715为最优菌株;通过16S r DNA的测序分析,结合平板的菌落形态和扫描电镜下菌体特征,鉴定活性菌株UST050418-715为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus).为优化该菌株的培养条件,选择了酵母粉、蛋白胨、Na Cl、p H值进行四因素三水平的正交实验,对菌株培养条件进行优化.发现选择的4个因素对应的菌株发酵产物对硅藻附着的抑制活性大小不同,影响显著性顺序是酵母粉蛋白胨Na Clp H值,综合菌株发酵产物活性、粗提物产量和菌株生长情况进行分析,确定菌株UST050418-715基于海洋2216E培养基的最佳发酵条件为:蛋白胨含量7.5 g/dm3,酵母粉含量3 g/dm3,Na Cl含量10.45 g/dm3,p H值9.5.  相似文献   

两种海洋微藻的浓度和配比对太平洋纺锤水蚤生长的影响          下载免费PDF全文

付聪  吴荔生  郭东晖  王桂忠 《应用海洋学学报》2016,35(4):537-543

本研究以变态存活率、产卵量、成体头胸部长和体长为指标,研究了球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)和海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)不同浓度和配比对太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)生长发育和产卵量的影响,以期探索培养太平洋纺锤水蚤最适合的饵料配方.实验结果表明:在饵料浓度(碳含量,下同)为1.70μg/cm3,配比为2∶1时,其变态存活率最高,可达到92.62%;在饵料浓度为4.25μg/cm3,配比为1∶2时,产卵量最高,雌体平均日产卵量可达47.1±2.7个;在饵料浓度为1.70μg/cm3,配比为2∶1时,成体头胸部长和体长均最长,分别为932.9、1 252.3μm.太平洋纺锤水蚤生长和发育的最优饵料组合为球等鞭金藻与海洋原甲藻浓度为1.70μg/cm3,配比为2∶1.  相似文献   

定量模拟分析船体与空气枪间的安全距离          下载免费PDF全文

王立明  胡毅  许江  刘保华 《应用海洋学学报》2016,35(4):575-578

海洋地震勘探过程中,水中放置的空气枪与船体之间须保持一定安全距离,否则引起船载设施和仪器剧烈抖动,影响船舶设施和仪器的安全运行,甚至更严重情况下,有可能造成船体的损坏.利用海水压力脉冲与船体受到的冲击压力关系,结合建立的空气枪震源子波模型模拟近场震源子波,可计算出船体与空气枪间的安全距离.研究结果表明,根据震源子波模型模拟的近场子波主峰值,总容量150in3G枪、300 in3相干G枪及760 in3相干G枪的安全距离分别为3.90、6.57 m和9.13 m.由此可知,空气枪与船体间距离只有大于安全距离,才能避免船体大的振动或设备免遭损害,保证海洋地震勘探有效、安全的进行.  相似文献   

超大海洋保护区建设利弊分析          下载免费PDF全文

章飞军  应岳  蒋红  叶慧明  叶属峰  邹德云 《海洋开发与管理》2016,33(3):77-82

近年来,海洋保护区被不断的"巨型化",这一方面显示了国际社会对海洋保护的重视;另一方面,这股建设超大海洋保护区的浪潮也受到了很多科学工作者的质疑和批判。文章通过分析整理国内外相关文献,结合目前全球几个著名的超大海洋保护区案例,评价建设超大海洋保护区的利弊,并总结出我国海洋保护区建设可借鉴的经验。  相似文献   

Field Studies of Dynamic Compaction on Marine Deposits     

Mincai Jia  Xunjun Zhou 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(4):313-320

Marine deposit ground usually need significant improvement before the construction of civil structures in coastal areas due to the poor mechanical properties of soils. Dynamic compaction (DC) is a widely used technique in such projects. In this study, a case history of DC tests in sandy soils with a weak embedded layer is introduced. Two series of DC tests—single point tests and impact zone tests—were applied to test zones with similar geological conditions to investigate the effect of energy level on the depth of improvement (DI). The highest energy used is up to 15000 kN · m. Field measurements were conduct before and after DC in each series to validate the effectiveness of improvement, including crater settlement, excessive pore pressure, and acceleration measurement for single point tests, and the pressure meter and CPT tests for impact zone tests. For single point tests, the effectiveness of improvement increases as the energy level increases to 12000 kN · m. Further increase of compaction energy does not have an effect on settlement, pore pressure, or ground acceleration. For impact zone tests, the energy level does not show a positive correlation with the DI, mainly due to the presence of an embedded weak layer.  相似文献   

深海半潜浮式生产平台关键理论与技术问题     

张新曙  尤云祥  滕明清 《海洋工程》2016,34(1):117-123

深海半潜浮式生产平台FPU(floating production unit)是国际海洋油气资源开发的关键基础性装备。针对半潜浮式生产平台的技术特点,系统阐述其各方面特性(包括:总布置、系泊和立管、水动力性能、结构设计与分析等)及相关研究现状和未来发展趋势。并结合我国南海地理、水文和资源环境等特点,对未来半潜浮式生产平台的开发提出了一些建议。  相似文献   

Laboratory Measurements of Vortex- and Wake-Induced Vibrations of A Tandem Arrangement of Two Flexible Risers     

刘怀增  王飞  蒋国盛  郭海燕  李效民 《海洋工程》2016,(1):47-56

The dynamic response of two flexible model risers in tandem arrangement immersed in a stepped current was analyzed. The risers, with an external diameter of 20 mm and a total length of 6200 mm, had an aspect ratio of 310. They were hinged to the support structure at the center-to-center distances away 3?12 times the external diameter. The top 1200 mm was exposed to a uniform current at a speed which was up to 0.9 m/s (the Reynolds number was 18000) and the rest in still water. The dynamic responses, which were obtained through the Fiber Bragg Grating strain gauges mounted on the surface, were analyzed by studying the cross-flow amplitudes and modal weights. The cross-flow vibration were observed up to the third mode, and the modal transformation from the second mode to the third mode was clearly observed. The experiment confirmed that the typical vortex-induced vibration (VIV) had occurred on the up-stream riser. But for the down-stream riser, the main excitation mechanism was wake-induced vibration (WIV). The modal transformation of WIV was more complex than that of VIV, which might be helpful for other researchers to study the interference effect.  相似文献   

基于ArcGIS的海事测绘数据转换方法研究     

崔璨  徐进  李颖  钱立辉  李博 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(4):436-440

现行的海事测绘数据种类繁多,各类数据在组织结构和空间引擎等因素上存在诸多差异,这些差异已经成为制约海事测绘技术发展的主要瓶颈。以天津港海事测绘数据为研究对象,研究CARIS HPD数据模型的定义规则和底层结构,分析CAD海事测绘数据的空间参考和组织规律,探索电子海图桌应用系统的数据组织结构,并基于ArcGIS转换多源异构的海事测绘数据,为多源海事测绘数据跨平台转换和应用提供理论基础和技术支持。  相似文献   

珠海北斗CORS系统建设的实现及精度分析     

伍鑫 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(5)

珠海北斗ZHBDCORS系统建设已实现,新建了8个基准站,可利用省级GDCORS已有站进行设备和网络升级,实现与省级GDCORS互联互通,资源共享。ZHBDCORS在系统兼容性、基准站升级、数据通信技术、数据安全性等方面得到了较好的解决,积累了经验;首次实现了北斗网络RTK/RTD 10秒级的快速定位;利用珠海优于1 cm似大地水准面成果,可实现三维精确定位,其精度可满足四等水准要求。这将改变传统的平面和高程测量分离的作业模式,实现平面和高程同步一体化测量的现代化方法。ZHBDCORS可满足城市发展建设和导航的需要,是数字城市和智慧城市建设的基础。  相似文献   

Episodes of subaerial Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) linked to late Turonian/late Maastrichtian deep incursion of sea on the Indian continental block     

《世界地质(英文版)》2016,(4)

Late Cretaceous sea inundation of major continents,surprisingly did not affect Indian block except by two major subaerial events of Large Igneous Provinces( LIPs). Marion hotspot induced LIP of Mahajanga Flood Basalt( ca. 92 Ma) in Madagascar triggered high intensity earthquake along Narmada Lineament and permitted a short lived marine transgression during late Turonian with spectacular estuarine deposits of limited thickness,preserved as archive of "Greenhouse Climatic Record". Réunion hotspot induced LIP of Deccan Flood Basalt,stretching from western to eastern India around Rajahmundry area attracted worldwide attention for the unique fauna and flora preserved in the intertrappean beds straddling Cretaceous-Palaeogene boundary. This massive subaerial LIP( ca. 66 Ma) permitted fairly deep penetration of sea along collision facing Subathu-Dogadda Lineament during late Maastrichtian-Danian,but due to thick vegetation cover,tectonic disturbance and scarce outcrops the evidence is less straightforward than along Narmada rift.  相似文献