基于改进潜能模型的城市医疗设施空间可达性——以上海市杨浦区为例   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

程敏  连月娇 《地理科学进展》2018,37(2):266-275

引入人口规模因子和医疗设施等级规模影响系数改进潜能模型,基于GIS空间分析技术,以上海杨浦区为例对其医疗设施空间可达性进行研究。结果表明：杨浦区医疗设施空间可达性分布不均,大桥街道、定海路街道及殷行街道部分区域医疗设施空间可达性较高;中部区域一些街道存在同等级医院位置密集、医疗资源相对集中的情况;杨浦区三级医院的居民就医空间可达性整体优于二级、一级医院。改进的潜能模型综合考虑了居民点人口数量、医疗设施与居民点之间的出行阻抗、以及医疗设施的等级规模对居民就医选择的影响,能更合理地评价医疗设施的可达性。研究结果可为城市医疗设施科学规划与决策提供依据。  相似文献   

Cultural and Geographical Influences on Underweight Prevalence among Preschoolers in Ghana          下载免费PDF全文

Ebenezer G. A. Nikoi 《Geographical review》2018,108(3):367-386

Underweight prevalence among preschool children in Africa has been studied, but the effects of culture and geography remain unclear. This study used the 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey data for 2244 children aged 0‐59 months and generalized linear mixed models to analyze these data. The results showed that culture and geography remained significantly associated with preschool underweight prevalence after controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of children, mothers, and households. Additionally, the gender of a child, size at birth, fever status, mother's BMI, insurance coverage and number of children <5 years in the household were significantly associated with underweight prevalence in Ghana. The study concluded that in addition to specific characteristics of children, mothers, and households, culturally motivated childhood dietary restrictions among the Ga/Dangme and Ewe could be reduced through appropriately targeted nutritional messages. Additionally, decreasing North‐South disparities in socioeconomic development, and improving nutritional outcomes among disadvantaged households in southern Ghana should be the focus of policies and strategies directed at reducing preschool underweight prevalence in Ghana.  相似文献   

Mosquito Habitat and Dengue Risk Potential in Hawaii: A Conceptual Framework and GIS Application*   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Korine N. Kolivras 《The Professional geographer》2006,58(2):139-154

Dengue is an emerging disease, and the distribution of the mosquito vector is partially mediated by environmental conditions. In this article, a new conceptual model is suggested that emphasizes the importance of including environmental variability in mosquito modeling studies. In an applied sense, mosquito habitat maps are developed for Hawaii using a GIS overlay of mosquito survival thresholds of temperature, precipitation, and stream/wetland location. Populated areas represent locations with the potential for an outbreak. The maps are adjustable based on expert knowledge input, and efforts to prevent or control outbreaks can be concentrated in those zones delineated by this study.  相似文献   

腕式多功能无线生理指标测量仪的设计与实现     

陈北辰  杨斌  李小林  张益涛  杨川 《成都信息工程学院学报》2011,26(1):81-85

针对单体便携医疗装置功能单一、无网络通信功能的缺陷开发了腕式多功能无线生理指标测量仪。采用高性能低功耗微控制器,集成设计并实现了体温、血压、脉搏、心电、血糖等医学常用生理指标实时采集和测试功能,并通过蓝牙将测量数据及时传送给网络监护平台,完成对病人远程监护。对血压、脉搏、体温等生理指标进行测试,与单体医疗设备的测试结果进行比较,证明测试结果在正常范围内。血糖识别颜色与试纸测试结果一致。整体设计达到预期目标。  相似文献   

基于GIS的县级市医疗机构空间可达性分析——以福建省石狮市为例     

郑朝洪 《热带地理》2011,31(6)

基于福建省石狮市行政区划及交通网络图,结合石狮市2008年末人口分布数据以及最近的医疗机构相关数据,运用最近就医距离模型、潜能模型及改进的潜能模型3个空间可达性模型,利用GIS技术和空间可达性指标评估医疗机构空间分布的合理性,详细分析了石狮市镇级以上医疗机构的空间布局.结果显示:石狮市医疗机构分布偏东西方向集中,南北分布的蚶江镇、永宁镇医疗资源缺少,总体分布不均衡.研究认为,利用改进的潜能模型,选择合适的阻抗系数能得出更加合理的空间可达性指标,突出空间可达性差异问题,可为医疗机构的空间格局优化提供参考,并为医疗卫生事业改革中设施规划和资源分配提供重要依据.  相似文献   

近10年国内外医疗旅游研究比较     

宋玉芹  汪德根 《地理与地理信息科学》2011,27(6):105-110

医疗旅游是医疗业与旅游业相互融合产生的一种新型专项旅游形式,医疗旅游研究已成为国内外旅游研究热点领域之一。根据近10多年来国内外相关文献,对国内外医疗旅游的研究方法及研究领域进行了分析比较,发现国内外医疗旅游研究方法以描述性分析为主,研究领域大体相当,主要集中在医疗旅游概念、影响因素、旅游效应及旅游市场4方面。在此基础上,结合我国的实际情况,对国内医疗旅游研究进行了展望。  相似文献   

广东省医疗与养老设施空间格局、适老化与均等性——基于空间可达性的评价     

刘婷  胡伟平 《热带地理》2022,42(12):1993-2006

以广东省为例,采用改进两步移动搜索法测算医疗与养老设施可达性,然后采用自相关分析法、基尼系数分析医疗与养老设施的适老化及均等性,最后运用Spearman相关系数对医疗与养老设施可达性及均等性的影响因素进行分析。结果表明：1）改进两步移动搜索法更能准确反映医疗与养老设施可达性,珠三角地区老年人医疗、养老设施可达性相对较好,东、西部沿海经济区相对较差;但珠三角地区养老设施医疗可达性在四大区域中最差。2）广佛都市区、梅州市北部等地区的医疗与养老设施适老化不足,广东省医疗与养老设施可达性存在较大的不均等。3）路网密度、人口密度、人均GDP、公共财政支出与广东省医疗、养老设施可达性显著相关,平均海拔、生态环境状况指数、面积、路网密度、人口密度、人均GDP、公共财政支出与广东省老年人医疗、养老设施可达性的均等性显著相关。  相似文献   

新冠疫情下城市应急医疗设施空间配置评价研究——以武汉市为例     

韩昊英  陈宇  张小东  蒋懿康 《世界地理研究》2023,32(1):162-173

通过数据实证分析COVID-19期间武汉市应急医疗设施的空间配置特征,构建武汉市疫情暴发期间的应急医疗设施空间配置评价体系,运用两步移动搜寻法等方法对武汉市应急医疗资源配置进行评价,提出其空间配置中的不足。研究发现,COVID-19暴发期间武汉的应急医疗设施的空间分布以核心城区为主,开放床位多集中在传统城市中心地区,周边地区的应急医疗设施空间配置上仍有不足;应急医疗设施的配置存在较大的缺口,空间分布不均衡,且综合可达性较差,可服务的研究单元较为局限,应急设施的就医可达性由城市中心从内向外依次降低。  相似文献   

Malaria incidence in Nairobi,Kenya and dekadal trends in NDVI and climatic variables     

D. R. Fastring 《国际地球制图》2013,28(3):207-221

The primary objective of this research was to determine if the remotely-sensed metric, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and ground-collected dekadal climatological variables were useful predictors of future malaria outbreaks in an epidemic-prone area of Nairobi, Kenya. Data collected consisted of 36 dekadal (10-day) periods for the variables rainfall, temperature and NDVI along with yearly documented malaria admissions in 2003 for Nairobi, Kenya. Linear regression models were built for malaria cases reported in Nairobi, Kenya, as the dependent variable and various time-based groupings of temperature, rainfall and NDVI data from the dekads in both the current and the previous month as the independent variables. Data from 2003 show that malaria incidence in any given month is best predicted (R²  = 0.881, p < 0.001) by the average NDVI for the 30 days including the final two dekads of the previous month and first dekad of the current month, and by the average rainfall for the 30 days including the three dekads of rainfall data from the prior month. Forecasting an outbreak in an epidemic zone would allow public health entities to plan for and disseminate resources to the general public such as antimalarials and insecticide impregnated bed nets. In addition, vector control measures could be implemented to slow the rate of transmission in the impacted population.  相似文献   

XXIII INTERNATIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL CONGRESS,U.S.S.R.     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):296-297

Edward Jarvis in 1850 first demonstrated that admission rates to mental hospitals decrease with increasing residential distance, a relationship known today as “Jarvis's Law.” His original data are presented, mapped, and examined by regression analysis to better understand spatial and temporal patterns of mid-19th century mental hospital utilization. Distance substantially affected admission rates to a radius of about 60 miles from the institution in Massachusetts; and there was strong distance decay in the other states examined. For all twelve states, there was a positive association between age of the hospitals and admission rates, which also decreased with increasing residential distance.  相似文献