THE CHARACTERISTICS OF VOLCANIC ROCKS STRUCTURE AND LITHOFACIES OF DALIUCHONG VOLCANO IN THE TENGCHONG VOLCANIC FIELD,YUNNAN PROVINCE          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Chuan-jie  LI Ni  FAN Qi-cheng  ZHAO Yong-wei  WANG Jia-long 《地震地质》2017,39(5):1066-1078

A set of grey-purple layered volcanic rocks are found widely distributed from the mountain flank to the main peak of Daliuchong volcano, but it's difficult to identify whether they are volcaniclastic rock or lava rock just by field investigation and the crystal structure observation under microscope. The study of matrix microstructure of the volcanic rocks can help to identify the volcanic facies. We recognize the eruptive facies rocks through observation of the matrix microstructure and pore shape with comparison to those of the volcanic vent facies, extrusive facies and effusive facies rocks under microscope, thus the mentioned layered volcanic rocks could be named as dacitic crystal fragment tuff. Combining the joint work of field investigation, systematic sampling, chemical analyzing and microscopic observation, we summary the Daliuchong volcanic facies as follows:1. The effusive facies lava constitutes the base of Daliuchong volcano and was produced by early eruption.2. The explosive facies is composed of dacite crystal fragment welded tuff and volcanic breccia and mainly distributes on the W, S and NE flank of the volcanic cone.3. The volcanic conduit with its diameter more than one hundred meters is located about 100 meters south of the main peak of the Daliuchong volcano.4. The extrusive facies rock is only exposed near the peak of Daliuchong volcano.Therefore, the volcanism of Daliuchong volcano can be speculated as:Large-scale lava overflowing occurred in the early eruption period; then explosive eruptions happened; at last, the volcanisms ceased marked with magma extrusion as lava dome and plug.  相似文献   

高岭-蒙脱混合黏土渗透各向异性模型研究     

徐杰  周建  罗凌晖  余良贵 《岩土力学》2020,41(2):469-476

完善的渗透各向异性模型有助于指导地下建筑施工期和运营期的排水注浆方案的选定,为了建立完善的渗透各向异性模型,利用三轴渗透仪对高岭-蒙脱混合黏土开展一系列渗透试验,并从宏观和微观两个角度尝试建立渗透各向异性模型。研究结果表明：随着膨润土掺入量增加,混合黏土中小孔隙含量不变,中孔隙含量增多,而大孔隙含量减少;随着固结应力的增大,混合黏土中孔隙均减少,且孔隙最大孔径减小;宏观参数孔隙比和液限孔隙比与渗透各向异性比之间的规律性较弱,说明孔隙比和液限孔隙比不是决定渗透各向异性比的关键参数;用微观参数表述的渗透各向异性模型有较强的规律性,说明从微观角度探究渗透各向异性模型不仅可行,而且更能揭示混合黏土渗透各向异性的本质,且微观参数模型中,用能反映较大孔隙变化的孔径指数 ～ 表述的渗透各向异性模型相关性最好。  相似文献   

煤岩演化程度对煤储层孔裂隙结构的控制作用     

樊祺章  蔡益栋  贝金翰  王玮昊  张学英 《现代地质》2020,34(2):273-280

为研究煤岩演化程度对孔裂隙结构发育的影响,运用压汞、低温氮吸附/解吸、镜质组反射率测试和SEM、荧光显微观察等手段,分析煤岩变质程度对孔隙度、BET比表面积、BJH总孔体积、裂隙结构和密度等的影响。结果表明:随变质程度升高,煤岩孔隙度呈先增大后减小再略微增大的波动变化特征;微孔占比随煤岩镜质组反射率升高呈“U”形变化特征,小孔占比变化与之相反;煤岩BET比表面积和BJH总孔体积均随煤级升高呈“U”形变化特征;中高变质程度煤岩中B、C、D型裂隙密度随煤级的升高都呈“U”形变化,并在R_o,m=1.1%左右出现最小值,裂隙密度下降阶段中D型裂隙密度降低最快。结合镜质组反射率分析发现,煤岩孔(裂)隙的发育与煤岩演化的4次跃变有着密切关系。  相似文献   

藓类结皮层人工培养试验和维持机制研究     

贾艳  白学良  单飞彪  白少伟  詹洪瑞 《中国沙漠》2012,32(1):54-59

 2006年开始在库布齐沙漠选择4种藓类植物进行人工培养促进结皮层形成实验,发现人工结皮层中藓类成活率、盖度与土壤基质、降雨量、小生境和藓类植物的生长和繁殖特性密切相关。双色真藓（Bryum dichotomum）成活率和盖度最高,密度与盖度相关,可形成大面积藓类结皮层。单位面积内土生对齿藓（Didymodon vinealis）密度最大,对结皮层的稳定具有重要作用。在培养初期藓类植物生长和繁殖速度较快的原因是消耗繁殖体内营养的结果,以后稳定在一个水平上不会出现生长的高峰期。本项研究为人工培养藓类植物促进结皮层的形成提供了实验依据,并为深入探讨生物结皮层的形成和维持机制提供基础科学资料。  相似文献   

Characterisation of rock aggregate breakage properties using realistic texture‐based modelling     

Hongyuan Liu  Per‐Arne Lindqvist  Urban Åkesson  Shaoquan Kou  Jan‐Eric Lindqvist 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2012,36(10):1280-1302

Realistic texture‐based modelling methods, that is microstructural modelling and micromechanical modelling, are developed to simulate the rock aggregate breakage properties on the basis of the rock actual microstructure obtained using microscopic observations and image analysis. The breakage properties of three types of rocks, that is Avja, LEP and Vandle taken from three quarries in Sweden, in single aggregate breakage tests and in inter‐aggregate breakage tests are then modelled using the proposed methods. The microstructural modelling directly integrates the microscopic observation, image analysis and numerical simulation together and provides a valuable tool to investigate the mechanical properties of rock aggregates on the basis of their microstructure properties. The micromechanical modelling takes the most important microstructure properties of rock aggregates into consideration and can model the major mechanical properties. Throughout this study, it is concluded that in general, the microstructure properties of rock aggregate work together to affect their mechanical properties, and it is difficult to correlate a single microstructure property with the mechanical properties of rock aggregates. In particular, for the three types of rock Avja, LEP and Vandle in this study, crack size distribution, grain size and grain perimeter (i.e. grain shape and spatial arrangement) show good correlations with the mechanical properties. The crack length and the grain size negatively affect the mechanical properties of Avja, LEP and Vandle, but the perimeter positively influences the mechanical properties. Besides, the modelled rock aggregate breakage properties in both single aggregate and inter‐aggregate tests reveal that the aggregate microstructure, aggregate shape and loading conditions influence the breakage process of rock aggregate in service. For the rock aggregate with the same microstructure, the quadratic shape and good packing dramatically improve its mechanical properties. During services, the aggregate is easiest to be fragmented under point‐to‐point loading condition, and then in the sequence of multiple‐point, point‐to‐plane and plane‐to‐plane loading conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

东天山海相火山岩型铁矿区域成矿规律研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

徐仕琪  赵同阳  冯京  高永峰  田江涛  杨在峰  刘德权 《新疆地质》2011,29(2):173-177

选择东天山阿齐山-雅满苏-沙泉子一带海相火山岩型铁矿区作为研究区,从区域成矿地质背景入手,首先分析古火山机体成矿构造聚敛场、海盆成矿构造聚敛场对海相火山岩型铁矿的控制作用,依次总结了沉积岩相建造、火山岩建造、侵入岩、变质作用对铁矿的控制作用,最后全面系统的总结出东天山地区海相火山岩型铁矿在时间和空间上成矿规律和演化过程,指明该类型铁矿在宏观场和微观场中的识别标志,对该区域海相火山岩型铁矿勘查工作提供一定技术指导.  相似文献   

热带产卡拉胶海藻形态及表皮特征比较          下载免费PDF全文

庞通  刘建国 《海洋科学》2011,35(6):13-18

2008年6月至2009年6月,在山东青岛实验室和海南陵水试验平台,以光学显微镜及电子扫描显微镜等技术,对12种原产印度尼西亚和菲律宾热带产胶红藻外观形态,表皮细胞特征进行了比较。结果表明：1）不同株系藻体呈现褐色、绿色、黄绿色、翡翠绿色、橄榄绿色和咖啡色等多样性;2）在表皮细胞特性方面,5号株系细胞最小、排列最致密、...  相似文献   

Characterization of Secondary Native Selenium in the Yutangba Se Deposit,Western Hubei,China     

Jiajun Liu  Ye Cao  Emmanuel John M. Carranza  Caixia Feng  Degao Zhai  Jianping Wang  Jingxian Li 《Resource Geology》2014,64(3):271-281

Secondary native Se minerals that are appreciably coarser grained and vary morphologically than primary native Se minerals were observed in the abandoned dumps of the No. 3 and No. 4 orebodies of the Yutangba Se deposit, western Hubei Province, China. The secondary native Se minerals exhibit three crystal forms, namely prismatic, tabular, and granular. Based on geochemical and mineralogical data, the secondary native Se minerals are interpreted to have resulted from natural oxidation of selenide minerals in the primary Se ores, or from vaporization of Se caused by burning of “stone coal” (a highly carbonaceous mudstone) during the production of lime. The occurrence of secondary native Se minerals in the deposit would be helpful not only to further study on mineralogy, ore geochemistry and environmental geochemistry of Se, but also to improve the technology of reclaiming Se from the black rock series.  相似文献   

黄陇煤田转角勘查区煤的微观孔隙结构特征及其影响因素     

闫和平  杨甫  段中会  田涛  付德亮 《中国煤炭地质》2022,(1)

煤的微观孔隙结构特征是煤储层特征的重要研究内容之一。选取黄陇侏罗纪煤田转角勘查区4个典型低阶煤样品为研究对象,以煤质特征研究为基础,进行压汞和液氮吸附实验,获取了不同测试方法的煤孔隙结构参数。根据两种测试方法的优缺点在孔径50nm处采用曲线拼接法进行联合,分析了全孔径段的比表面积和孔隙体积分布。结果显示:煤的比表面积主要分布在微孔、小孔和中孔三个区间,呈现“三峰”特征,表现为微孔>小孔>中孔>大孔的分布特征;孔隙体积主要分布在微孔、小孔和大孔。灰分含量和阶段孔径比表面积和孔隙体积具有较好的相关关系,但相关性强弱不同,总体显示和微孔、小孔及中孔呈正相关关系,而与大孔孔隙呈负相关关系,灰分含量与微孔、小孔的影响最大。显微组分中的镜质组和壳质组含量与大孔比表面积和孔隙体积呈正相关关系,与微孔、小孔呈负相关关系;惰质组含量与大孔孔隙比表面积和孔隙体积呈负相关关系,和微孔、小孔呈正相关关系。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地旺尕秀地区上侏罗统-下白垩统风成砂的发现及其意义^*          下载免费PDF全文

胡俊杰  马寅生  吴祎  王宗秀  柳永清  高万里  李宗星  魏小洁 《古地理学报》2018,20(5):776-786

本次研究在柴达木盆地旺尕秀地区上侏罗统红水沟组上覆地层中,首次发现了风成沉积。地层主体为一套棕黄色细-中砂岩,由分选、磨圆好的石英砂组成;扫描电镜下可见风成砂特有的碟形撞击坑和新月形撞击坑等特征;层内普遍发育风成大型高角度板状交错层理,层系厚度巨大,风成沙丘前积层特征明显;发育液化作用产生的牵引褶曲、倒转褶曲等常见的风成沙丘同沉积变形构造。根据岩性和沉积构造特征共在地层中识别出4种沉积亚相: 沙丘亚相、丘间亚相、旱谷亚相和沙漠湖亚相,其中沙丘亚相以风成大型交错层理为显著特征,丘间、旱谷和沙漠湖亚相则以水成沉积为主。风成砂沉积的存在丰富了柴达木盆地中生代的沉积类型,为区域地层对比及西北地区晚中生代古气候和古环境研究提供了新的证据和材料。  相似文献