易门式大型铜矿床构造成矿动力学模型   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

韩润生  刘丛强  马德云  王红才  马更生 《地质科学》2003,38(2):200-213

针对金属矿床隐伏矿定位预测的关键问题,在提出构造成矿动力学的分支学术方向的基础上,以易门式大型铜矿床为例,从成矿地质背景、矿田构造、构造地球化学和成矿构造应力场等方面进行构造成矿动力学研究,阐述在构造应力场控制下成矿流体运移和聚集的规律。构造地球化学研究认为,构造地球化学异常反映矿体的原生晕;构造地球化学异常受构造控制,其分带特征可指示成矿流体的流向,并提供矿床成因和隐伏矿(化)体相对埋深的信息。构造应力场的控矿特征主要表现在:构造应力场导致控矿构造的形成,并驱动成矿流体的运移;构造应力场控制了成矿能量场;应力和能量的高值集中区分布特点可反映某些构造型式。在此基础上建立构造成矿动力学模型,概括隐伏矿成矿预测准则,据此提出若干重点找矿靶区和靶位,其中部分靶区得到工程验证,表明构造成矿动力学方法对隐伏矿定位预测和评价具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

Mechanisms of riverbank failure along the Arno River,central Italy     

Stefano Dapporto  Massimo Rinaldi  Nicola Casagli  Pietro Vannocci 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2003,28(12):1303-1323

Riverbanks along the Arno River have been investigated with the aims of de?ning the main mechanisms of failure and retreat, their spatial distribution, and their causes. Geomorphological aspects were investigated by a reconnaissance of riverbank processes, for a number (26) of representative sites. Laboratory and in situ tests were then performed on a selected number of riverbanks (15). Based on the material characteristics, six main typologies of riverbanks have been de?ned, with homogeneous ?ne‐grained and composite banks representing the most frequent types. Slab‐type failures are the most frequent mechanism observed on ?ne‐grained banks, while cantilever failures prevail on composite banks. The role of river stage and related pore water pressure distributions in triggering the main observed mechanisms of failure has been investigated using two different types of stability analysis. The ?rst was conducted for 15 riverbanks, using the limit equilibrium method and considering simpli?ed hypotheses for pore water pressure distribution (annulment of negative pore pressures in the portion of the bank between low water stage and peak stage). Stability conditions and predicted mechanisms of failure are shown to be in reasonably good agreement with ?eld observations. Three riverbanks, representative of the main alluvial reaches of the river, were then selected for a more detailed bank stability analysis, consisting of: (a) de?nition of characteristic hydrographs of the reach with different return periods; (b) modelling of saturated and unsaturated ?ow using ?nite element seepage analysis; and (c) stability analysis with the limit equilibrium method, by adopting pore water pressure values derived from the seepage analysis. The results are compared to those obtained from the previous simpli?ed analysis, and are used to investigate the different responses, in terms of stability, to different hydrological and riverbank conditions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Old inherited origin for the present near-bimodal topography of Africa     

C. Moctar Doucour  Maarten J. de Wit 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2003,36(4):371-388

Africa’s landscape is dominated by a manifold of second-order epeirogenic structures superimposed on a first-order bimodal topography. Bivariate regression analysis of Africa’s surface topography shows that this is a complexly folded surface with regionally elevated areas in southern and eastern Africa, and a topographically low northern and western Africa. The apparent spatial relationships between these features are analysed using anomaly correlation between surface topography and free-air gravity anomalies. Occurrences of positively correlated features between gravity and topography in Africa are found to be limited to second-order epeirogenic features. Geophysical modelling and geologic evidence indicate that Africa’s bimodal topography is genetically distinct from these second-order features, and linked to sources as deep as the sublithospheric mantle. The age, measured and modelled elevation of the bimodal topography require that topographic uplift of south-central Africa be episodic. We infer from our findings together with relative sea-level changes, that the near-bimodality of Africa’s topography is an ancient feature inherited at least from upper Paleozoic times. Our reconstructed paleotopography suggests that Africa was largely a low-lying continent dominated by its cratons, and that basement distribution disregards the present-day uplift patterns of Africa.  相似文献   

HUBEX强化观测期雷达测雨在水文过程模拟中的应用(英)   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

REN Liliang  LI Chunhong  WANG Meirong 《大气科学进展》2003,20(2):205-211

选择全球能量与水循环亚洲季风试验区的淮河黄泥庄水文站控制的史河流域(805 km2)为研究区域,基于数字高程模型,生成栅格水流流向,构建数字流域及空间拓扑关系;然后,将阜阳雷达观测数据经过订正校准后作为研究区内每一栅格单元上的雨量输入,并在每一栅格上应用新安江模型构建产流模型;再根据每一栅格至流域出口断面-黄泥庄水文站的距离,运用Muskingum方法进行汇流演算,从而获得黄泥庄站的流量过程。计算结果显示,从1998年5月31日-8月3日的强化观测期内模型确定性系数为92.41％,其间4场洪水的确定性系数分别为85.64％、86.62％、92.57％和83.91％,高于应用地面雨量计观测的数据计算的结果。这说明雷达测雨数据具有较高的时空分辨率,当它应用于水文过程模拟时优于地面雨量计资料,基于栅格的水文模型为充分利用雷达数据提供了良好平台。  相似文献   

数字滤波方法在月尺度数值预报中的应用：II.保留不同低频过程的效果比较          下载免费PDF全文

杨燕  纪立人 《大气科学》1997,21(5):533-534

用数字滤波方法对观测资料序列进行处理，得到初始场用于Ｔ４２Ｌ９全球谱模式的月预报，以去除误差增长较快的高频扰动对低频过程的影响，并且利用多时刻的观测资料提取低频过程的信息。对冬季和夏季两个不同个例进行了实例，并比较了取不同长度的观测序列，截取不同周期的过程作为初值对预报效果的影响。结果说明，经过滤波后对低频分量和平均场的预报都有显著的改进。而且对于较长时效的预报，应保留更低频的过程（比如１０ｄ以上  相似文献   

龙门山地区泥盆纪碳酸盐与硅质碎屑的混积相与混积机理   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

李祥辉  刘文均  郑荣才 《沉积与特提斯地质》1997,17(3):1-10

碳酸盐与陆源碎屑的混合沉积研究至今尚未引起足够重视。文献屈指可数。扬子西经缘龙门山地区盆纪发育了了这类良好的混合沉积。作者根据实际材料，首次从这一思路出发，识别该区泥盆纪Ｅｍｓｉａｎ期到Ｇｉｖｅｔｉａｎ早期的混积相四种，混积亚相约１４种，阐明了其优势混积作用；根据混积作用特征、沉积背景关系，划分出两大混积类型，即泥质背景下的混积１型和砂灰质背景下的混积Ⅱ型；对混积作用机理进行了探讨；并指出不同级次  相似文献   

我国黄铁矿矿床类型、分布规律及前景评估     

胡受奚  刘聪 《化工矿产地质》1997,(3)

中国黄铁矿资源丰富，按元素和矿物组合的不同，其矿床类型可分为：黄铁矿矿床；黄铁矿型铜矿床；含锌、铜黄铁矿型矿床；黄铁矿型多金属矿床；含钨黄铁矿型铜矿床；含锡黄铁矿型矿床；含金黄铁矿型矿床。最主要的成因类型是海底喷气沉积矿床，它广泛分布于不同时期的造山带及早前寒武纪克拉通。黄铁矿形成的构造环境可分为５种，即：边缘浅海或优地槽环境；上叠的断裂坳陷带；洋中脊；岛弧地带；陆相火山盆地。  相似文献   

赤峰—朝阳地区金矿成矿物理化学条件研究     

刘纲 《黄金地质》1996,2(4):43-49

系统论述了区内各大类金矿的成矿温度，成矿压力，各种气体的逸度、ｐＨ值，金离子及其配合物的活度，讨论了金的迁移形式，推测了区内各类矿液中金的沉淀机制。  相似文献   

地质学家重视研究深部（变质）CO_2对古气候的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王焰新  文冬光 《地学前缘》1996,3(4):274-281

地质学家重视研究深部（变质）ＣＯ２对古气候的影响贾跃明（中国地质矿产信息研究院，北京，１０００３７）近几年来，随着过去全球变化研究的兴起，地质学家越来越重视地质历史时期影响大气ＣＯ２浓度的因素的调查。不少人认为，变质作用和火山活动可能是过去大气中ＣＯ...  相似文献   

Modelling of soil temperature profiles using data from the pilot experiment at Anand     

B Joseph  P Goswami 《Journal of Earth System Science》1996,105(2):191-195

We present some preliminary results from a multi-layer soil temperature finite-difference model using the data set obtained during the pilot experiment on land surface processes at Anand. We hope that the present results will prove useful during the final field experiments scheduled for the coming monsoon season.  相似文献