LINET—An international lightning detection network in Europe   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hans D. Betz  Kersten Schmidt  Pierre Laroche  Patrice Blanchet  Wolf P. Oettinger  Eric Defer  Z. Dziewit  J. Konarski 《Atmospheric Research》2009,91(2-4):564-573

During the past years a VLF/LF lightning detection network (LINET) was developed at the University of Munich, which provides continuous data for both research and operational purposes. In particular, the network introduces five new features: a) total lightning capability: both cloud-to-ground strokes (CG) and cloud lightning (IC) are measured; b) low-amplitude reporting: weak lightning events from discharge channel with currents well below 5 kA are detected within the central part of the network, whereby IC events dominate; c) new 3D-discrimination: a time-of-arrival method is utilized to separate CG from IC with good reliability, provided that the sensor baseline does not exceed ~ 250 km; d) IC emission height: for each cloud event a height is determined which is thought to reflect the central region of the involved channel; and e) optimised location accuracy: due to precision and combined action of all influential network components, complemented by site-error corrections, the position accuracy of strokes reaches an average value as small as ~ 150 m, whereby false locations (‘outliers’) rarely occur. During international co-operations LINET has been deployed in four continents: Europe (initially Germany), South America (area of Bauru, Brazil), Australia (around Darwin), and Central Africa (Benin). Since the features quoted above could be verified in the tests, a 65-sensor network was established in Europe and started on May 1, 2006, in co-operation with the service company nowcast. LINET covers a wide area approximately from longitude − 10° to 25° to latitude 35° to 66°; it is available for scientific projects and officially utilized by the German Weather Service for operational purposes. Meanwhile, the network was extended by deployment of additional sites so that it comprises about 90 sensors in 17 countries.  相似文献   

柴达木盆地察尔汗湖区古湖相沉积物中含氮类分子化石的检出   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

蒲阳  张虎才  雷国良  常凤琴  杨明生 《地球学报》2010,31(2):155-162

利用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对青藏高原柴达木盆地察尔汗湖区贝壳堤剖面古湖相沉积物样品进行了系统地分析, 检测出系列脂肪酸酰胺与脂肪腈类含氮类脂物分子化石。并对其在古湖相沉积物中的分布特征作了详细描述。对它们综合研究认为, 早期成岩作用使来源于各种生物体的脂肪酸酰胺类分子化石部分地转化为脂肪腈类化合物。此外, 不饱和脂肪酸酰胺与饱和脂肪酸酰胺的含量比值在剖面上并没有呈现明显下降的趋势, 说明在降解过程中各种生物、物理及化学作用对它们不存在明显的选择性, 指示有机质在沉积过程中可能处于一个偏氧化的环境。本文首次报道这两类物质, 为更好地理解含氮类脂物分子化石在湖泊沉积物中的转化过程提供了一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

公路水准测量的误差来源与控制     

崔永辉  崔素敏 《中国勘察设计》2010,(6):63-65

水准测量是确定公路工程地面点高程的方法之一,是高程测量中精度较高常用方法。实施过程中,需要几个人合作才能完成。误差允许范围内的精度由于仪器和人为的影响而不容易控制,而且易出现隐蔽性错误。如果不能及早发现基础资料是错误的,水准点高程不正确,直接影响路线纵断面设计和施工。本文就水准测量的工作原理、误差来源,误差控制等几方面结合工程实例进行分析。  相似文献   

探地雷达和高密度电阻率法在围垦堤坝探测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

魏永强  邓居智  丁长河 《物探与化探》2010,34(1):115-118

基于抛石层与淤泥质黏土层存在较大电性差异,采用探地雷达和高密度电阻率综合法对某围垦堤坝抛石层进行探测,获得了抛石层的范围和 厚度。经钻探验证,探测结果与实际较吻合,表明利用探地雷达和高密度电阻率法可有效探测围垦堤坝抛石分布及厚度。  相似文献   

一次人工触发闪电事件的定位误差分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈绿文  黄智慧  禹继  李斌  黄国开 《广东气象》2010,32(1):15-17,21

利用一次包含8次回击过程的人工触发闪电事件的近距离光电观测数据,分析了广东省气象闪电定位系统对其回击过程的定位结果。结果表明,回击过程探测效率约为75%(6/8),回击平均定位误差约为3768m。为了分析定位误差来源,通过对比分析的方法,逐次引入各探测子站原始记录重新进行定位计算,发现剔除误差较大的探测子站后,平均定位误差为2192m,比原来降低42%。  相似文献   

Trend detection in hydrological series: when series are negatively correlated     

Christine Rivard  Harold Vigneault 《水文研究》2009,23(19):2737-2743

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Chemical chronology of the Southern Coalsack     

S. D. Rodgers  S. B. Charnley  R. G. Smith  H. M. Butner 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,379(2):807-815

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Object-oriented Urban Dynamic Monitoring——A Case Study of Haidian District of Beijing     

An Kai  Zhang Jinshui  Xiao Yu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(3):236-242

It is crucial to conduct the land use/cover research to obtain the global change information.Urban area is one of the most sensitive areas in land use/cover change.Therefore land use/cover change in urban areas is very im-portant in global change.It is vital to incorporate the information of urban land use/cover change into the process of decision-making about urban area development.In this paper,a new urban change detection approach,urban dynamic monitoring based on objects,is introduced.This approach includes four steps:1)producing multi-scale objects from multi-temporal remotely sensed images with spectrum,texture and context information;2)extracting possible changed objects adopting object-oriented classification;3)obtaining shared objects as the basic units for urban change detection;4)determining the threshold to segment the changed objects from the possible changed objects using Otsu method.In this paper,the object-based approach was applied to detecting the urban expansion in Haidian District,Beijing,China with two Landsat Thematic Mapper(TM)data in 1997 and 2004.The results indicated that the overall accuracy was about 84.83%,and Kappa about 0.785.Compared with other conventional approaches,the object-based approach was advantageous in reducing the error accumulation of image classification of each datum and in independence to the radiometric correction and image registration accuracy.  相似文献   

一种基于神经网络的确知信号检测技术     

方彪  程卫东 《成都信息工程学院学报》2007,22(4):518-521

建立在统计信号处理理论基础上的相关检测器和匹配滤波器取得了广泛的应用,但两种模型都是建立在对实际通信信道线性化近似基础上的,在适应信道的非线性变化方面有所不足.利用神经网络自适应、非线性和高速并行运算的特点,在此提出了一种结构简单有效的神经网络接收机,并可推广到其他确知信号.  相似文献   

空间碎片地基雷达探测综述     

杨朋翠  施浒立  李圣明 《天文研究与技术》2007,4(4):320-326

分析了空间碎片地基雷达探测的必要性和现实意义,介绍了国外有代表性的地基雷达工作概况,在此基础上,给出了描述空间碎片的轨道参量和物理参量,并对空间碎片地基雷达探测所需的关键技术进行了探讨。  相似文献