声波探查砼裂缝深度的数学分析与实践     

王清玉 《水文地质工程地质》1993,20(4):58-59

本文仅就声波探查砼裂缝深度的可行性从数学角度进行了分析与论证,并给出了工程实例。  相似文献   

BED FORMS AND RESISTANCE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT-WEIGHT BED MATERIAL     

WANG Guixian  WANG Xingkui  GUO Jiachao Professor  Sediment Research Laboratory  Dept. of Hydraulic Engineering  Tsinghua University  Beijing  China. Associate Professor  Dept. of Hydraulic Engineering  Tsinghua University. Assistant  Dept. of Hydraulic Engineering  Tsinghua University. 《国际泥沙研究》1993,(3)

I. INTRODUCTIONResistance to flow in alluvial streams is one of the crucial problems in fluvial hydraulics. Despite that large amount of studies have been conducted for centuries, no perfectmethod describing and calculating the resistance to flow in alluvial streams is availablehll now. Investigation on bed forms and resistance properties of light--weight bed materials is even more scarce. USWES (1936) has conducted systematic experiments onlight--weight materials in a flume & m long an…  相似文献   

On the crust structure near focus and the far-field body wave synthetic seismograms     

Dong-Sheng Li  Hui-Lan Zhou 《地震学报(英文版)》1993,6(4):823-831

In this paper we discuss two types of crust models with abnormal density, velocity of wave and certain geometrical structures. The far-field synthetic seismograms of P and SH wave are calculated by the far-field vertical displacement formulas of P and SH waves with the double couple point source and the formulas of reflection coefficient, radiation pattern and travelling time difference derived from the models suggested in the paper. It is shown by the results that the effect of special crust structures near focus on the far-field seismograms can be ignored if the densities and wave velocity of the special structure are less than average those of the crust (model I). However the effect should be noticed if the densities and wave velosities of the structure are large than average those of the crust (modelI). The effect of the special crust structure on the far-field seismograms has not been studied further before. Seismic records of the Haicheng earthquake and the crust structure in Haicheng region are studied by the calculation method in the paper. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 1993.  相似文献   

The phase velocities of Rayleigh waves and the lateral variation of lithospheric structure in Tibetan Plateau   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guo-Ying Chen  Rong-Sheng Zeng  Francis T. Wu  Xiao-Lan Su 《地震学报(英文版)》1993,6(2):289-297

According to a Sino-U. S. joint project, eleven broadband digital PASSCAL seismometers had been deployed inside the Tibetan Plateau, of which 7 stations were on the profile from Lhasa to Golmud and other 4 stations situated at Maxin, Yushu, Xigatze and Linzhi. Dispersions and phase velocities of the Rayleigh surface waves (10s–120s) were obtained on five paths distributed in the different blocks of Tibetan Plateau. Inversions of the S-wave velocity structures in Songpan-Ganzi block, Qiang-Tang block, Lhasa block and the faulted rift zone were obtained from the dispersion data. The results show that significant lateral variation of the S-wave velocity structures among the different blocks exists. The path from Wenquan to Xigatze (abbreviated as Wndo-Xiga) passes through the rift-zone of Yadong-Anduo. The phase velocities of Rayleigh waves from 10s to 100s on this path are significantly higher than that on other paths. The calculated mean crustal velocity on this path is 3.8 km/s, much greater than that on other paths, where mean crustal velocities of 3.4–3.5 km/s are usually observed. Low velocity zones with different thicknesses and velocities are observed in the middle-lower crust for different paths. Songpan-Ganzi block, located in the northern part of Tibetan Plateau is characterized by a thinner crust of 65 km thick and a prominent low velocity zone in the upper mantle. The low velocity zone with a velocity of 4.2 km/s is located at a depth form 115 km to 175 km. While in other blocks, no low velocity zone in the upper mantle is observed. The value of Sn in Songpan-Ganzi is calculated to be 4.5 km/s, while those in Qiang-Tang and Lhasa blocks are about 4.6 km/s. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, Supp., 566–573, 1992.  相似文献   

速度光滑对反射地震信号的影响分析          下载免费PDF全文

魏脯力  孙建国  孟祥羽  徐杨杨  刘明忱  商耀达 《地球物理学报》1954,63(10):3849-3856

光滑处理使得单界面成为非均匀薄层,界面反射转变为层反射.为了探讨光滑处理的影响,以平面波作为入射波场,首先利用过渡层反射系数推导了反射信号的理论公式,然后就非均匀薄层下反射系数的计算问题,给出了具体的实现算法,并通过与经典Epstein过渡层反射系数解析结果的对比说明了算法的精度.最后在单界面及其被光滑后界面的对比分析中,得出了几点重要结论：随着光滑次数的增加,反射信号的到时基本保持不变,而反射信号的主频与能量呈减少趋势,其中信号能量在低光滑次数的衰减速率明显大于高光滑次数.  相似文献   

基于伴随方法的线性台阵背景噪声面波和远震体波联合成像研究          下载免费PDF全文

张超  姚华建  童平  刘沁雅  雷霆 《地球物理学报》1954,63(11):4065-4079

伴随层析成像（Adjoint Tomography）通过求解全波方程来准确模拟地震波在复杂介质中的传播,并利用波形信息来反演地下结构,是新一代的高分辨率成像方法.其中3-D伴随层析成像需要庞大的计算资源,而2-D反演相对更具计算效率.面波和远震体波是研究地壳上地幔速度结构的重要方法,它们对S波速度及Moho面的敏感度不同,通过联合反演,可以得到更为准确的S波速度结构及Moho面.通过两种数据的高度互补性,本文提出基于伴随方法的线性台阵背景噪声面波和远震体波联合成像方法,同时约束台阵下方S波速度结构及Moho面形态.我们将该方法应用到符合华北克拉通岩石圈典型结构特征的理论模型上,测试结果表明联合反演方法优势明显,相比于面波伴随层析成像,能获得更高分辨率的S波速度结构,同时能精准约束Moho面形态.相比于体波伴随层析成像,联合反演能有效压制高频假象,降低波形反演过程中的非线性化程度.本研究有望提供一种更为高效精准的线性台阵成像方法,搭建联合伴随层析成像理论框架,提升岩石圈成像分辨率,并为后续其他类型波形数据的引入提供思路和方法.  相似文献   

新疆北天山地区中强震前单台地震波参数异常特征研究     

杨欣  曲延军 《内陆地震》1999,13(3):221-232

强地震的孕育过程也是孕震介质的形成过程,在强震前震源附近小地震的地震波运动学,动力学特征的变化过程,则反映了孕震介质的变化过程,为研究地震的孕育,发展和发生的过程,采用单台地震波振幅比,尾波持续时间比,尾波衰减系数这３项地震波参数作为地震学短期前兆指标,分析其震兆特征,从而达到监测孕震介质变化的目的,研究结果表明,单台地震波参数能够有效地发现地震的前兆,但地震波参数的前兆图像复杂多变,不具有统一的  相似文献   

BCC第二代气候预测模式系统对2015年一次寒潮过程的预报能力评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陶潘虹  张耀存  孙凤华 《气象科学》2020,40(2):191-199

利用BCC第二代气候预测模式系统(BCC_CSM2)的回报试验结果,评估了BCC_CSM2对2015年1月27—31日一次强寒潮过程的次季节预报能力,结果表明:(1)此次寒潮过程主要由新地岛以西的短波槽不断东移发展而形成的,模式能够提前10 d较好地预报过程期间降温以及高空环流形势,相关系数、距平符号一致率以及均方根误差都定量表明模式在10 d左右具有较好的预报能力,但是对降温程度的预报能力随起报时间的延长逐渐降低;(2)为了探讨随起报时间延长模式预报能力降低的原因,从位势倾向方程出发,分析相对涡度平流和温度平流随高度变化发现,在模式提前10 d之内的预报时段内,模式预报的相对涡度平流和温度平流随高度变化与再分析资料的诊断结果基本一致,能够合理预测短波槽的东移和槽脊的强度变化,当预报超过10 d后,模式中相对涡度平流的配置不利于短波槽的东移,模式预报的低层出现暖平流,并随高度增加而减小,不利于槽的加深,使模式预报的环流形势产生偏差,导致模式预报能力降低。  相似文献   

沿海渔业天气警报服务系统     

王雪森  林朝昌 《成都信息工程学院学报》1993,(1)

本文简要地介绍了建立沿海渔业天气警报服务系统的必要性,系统的设计特点,现场试验情况以及今后建台布网的设想。特别是把短波单边带通信,地面波传播方式和双音报警技术引入天气警报服务系统,开辟了短波单边带气象通应用的新领域。  相似文献   

Accuracy of kinematic wave and diffusion wave approximations for space-independent flows on infiltrating surfaces with lateral inflow neglected in the momentum equation     

V. P. Singh 《水文研究》1995,9(7):783-796

Error equations for the kinematic wave and diffusion wave approximations with lateral inflow neglected in the momentum equation are derived under simplified conditions for space-independent flows. These equations specify error as a function of time in the flow hydrograph. The kinematic wave, diffusion wave and dynamic wave solutions are parameterized through a dimensionless parameter γ which is dependent on the initial conditions. This parameter reflects the effect of initial flow depth, channel-bed slope, lateral inflow, infiltration and channel roughness when the initial condition is non-vanishing; it reflects the effect of bed slope, channel roughness and acceleration due to gravity when the initial condition is vanishing. The error equations are found to be the Riccati equation. The structure of the error equations in the case when the momentum equation neglects lateral inflow is different from that when the lateral inflow is included.  相似文献