Error analysis of exterior orientation elements on geolocation for a Moon-based Earth observation optical sensor     

Huadong Guo  Hanlin Ye  Changyong Dou  Jing Huang 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2020,13(3):374-392

ABSTRACT

The Moon is a potential new platform for Earth observation. The advantages of its large-scale observational scope, long temporal duration, and multi-layer detecting of the Earth will undoubtedly advance our understanding of the Earth system. To carry out the observations from a Moon-based optical sensor, the geolocation error caused by exterior orientation elements need to be investigated. This paper analyses the error effects of exterior orientation elements on geolocation for an optical sensor. To estimate the error, we present a geometric image model and utilise some parameters to measure the image offsets. Through a large number of numerical simulations, the results demonstrate that the image offsets are not obvious influenced by the distance and observation angle at mid-high latitude of the Moon and have linear correlation with the increasing errors of the exterior orientation elements. Further, the relationship between the spatial resolution and errors of exterior orientation elements are revealed. Finally, the error characteristics for Moon-based Earth observation are discussed. It is expected that the conclusion drawn in this paper could support the study of a Moon-based Earth observation optical sensor.  相似文献   

Digital world meets urban planet – new prospects for evidence-based urban studies arising from joint exploitation of big earth data,information technology and shared knowledge     

Thomas Esch  Hubert Asamer  Felix Bachofer  Jakub Balhar  Martin Boettcher  Enguerran Boissier 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2020,13(1):136-157

ABSTRACT

The digital transformation taking place in all areas of life has led to a massive increase in digital data – in particular, related to the places where and the ways how we live. To facilitate an exploration of the new opportunities arising from this development the Urban Thematic Exploitation Platform (U-TEP) has been set-up. This enabling instrument represents a virtual environment that combines open access to multi-source data repositories with dedicated data processing, analysis and visualisation functionalities. Moreover, it includes mechanisms for the development and sharing of technology and knowledge. After an introduction of the underlying methodical concept, this paper introduces four selected use cases that were carried out on the basis of U-TEP: two technology-driven applications implemented by users from the remote sensing and software engineering community (generation of cloud-free mosaics, processing of drone data) and two examples related to concrete use scenarios defined by planners and decision makers (data analytics related to global urbanization, monitoring of regional land-use dynamics). The experiences from U-TEP’s pre-operations phase show that the system can effectively support the derivation of new data, facts and empirical evidence that helps scientists and decision-makers to implement improved strategies for sustainable urban development.  相似文献   

GEOEssential – mainstreaming workflows from data sources to environment policy indicators with essential variables     

Anthony Lehmann  Stefano Nativi  Paolo Mazzetti  Joan Maso  Ivette Serral  Daniel Spengler 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2020,13(2):322-338

ABSTRACT

When defining indicators on the environment, the use of existing initiatives should be a priority rather than redefining indicators each time. From an Information, Communication and Technology perspective, data interoperability and standardization are critical to improve data access and exchange as promoted by the Group on Earth Observations. GEOEssential is following an end-user driven approach by defining Essential Variables (EVs), as an intermediate value between environmental policy indicators and their appropriate data sources. From international to local scales, environmental policies and indicators are increasingly percolating down from the global to the local agendas. The scientific business processes for the generation of EVs and related indicators can be formalized in workflows specifying the necessary logical steps. To this aim, GEOEssential is developing a Virtual Laboratory the main objective of which is to instantiate conceptual workflows, which are stored in a dedicated knowledge base, generating executable workflows. To interpret and present the relevant outputs/results carried out by the different thematic workflows considered in GEOEssential (i.e. biodiversity, ecosystems, extractives, night light, and food-water-energy nexus), a Dashboard is built as a visual front-end. This is a valuable instrument to track progresses towards environmental policies.  相似文献   

沙漠蝗群对印巴边境植被的影响及其未来可能发展趋势     

房世波  韩威  裴志方 《遥感学报》2020,24(3):326-332

2020年初非洲东北和印巴边境沙漠蝗群席卷多个国家,大面积农田及自然植被被啃食,是什么气候条件促成了此次沙漠蝗灾?距离中国最近的印巴边境蝗群成为研究以及社会关注的热点,蝗灾对当地植被的影响如何?其发展趋势如何?从气候学上分析,蝗灾历史上是否曾经或者未来是否向印度东边迁飞而进入中国呢?本研究利用长时间序列的卫星遥感数据和气象气候观测数据,对沙漠蝗群可能扩展趋势进行了分析。研究结果表明:(1)由于沙漠蝗群的啃食,2020年1月和2月,在蝗群分布区大面积植被区的归一化植被指数较常年大幅度下降,2月(2月3日数据)的啃食面积较1月明显扩大;(2)发生在2018年5月和10月两次印度洋飓风和2019年12月强热带风暴等几个罕见气旋给非洲和阿拉伯半岛带来的强降水,是本次非洲-西亚蝗灾的形成重要原因;(3)从影响沙漠蝗群起飞的气温和沙漠蝗虫适合的降水条件来看,历史上或未来沙漠蝗群迁徙到印度东边的机会很少,进入中国的可能性非常小。  相似文献   

九寨沟M_s7.0地震前地应变LURR异常演化特征     

岳冲  牛安福  余怀忠  吉平  姜祥华  马未宇  王亚丽 《中国地震》2020,36(2):267-275

从岩石应力-应变的本构关系出发,以能够反映岩石应变变化的地应变观测数据作为"响应量",通过库伦应力触发模型的加卸载响应比计算方法,计算2017年8月8日九寨沟M_S7.0地震前震中及周边500km范围内应变观测的加卸载响应比结果。结果显示,基于应变观测的加卸载响应比方法能够较好地从潮汐频段提取地震前LURR异常,九寨沟地震前,300km范围内的多个应变观测台站出现LURR异常,其中相距96km的两水台EW分量Y值最大达到3.27;LURR空间演化特征显示,在震前约9个月内震中及周边地区陆续出现异常"集中—增强—减弱"过程,证明该地区在长期应力累积的背景下,应力的不断累积增强导致震中及附近区域的岩石出现不断损伤或弱化,最终位于树正断裂上的应变能积累超过了介质强度而引发了此次地震。  相似文献   

羊坪水库蓄放水量变化对永胜地震台形变观测的影响     

李春海  林向东  杨选  赵琴 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(3):126-133

永胜地震台形变观测资料存在年变现象,为分析年变影响因素,基于该台形变观测数据,与台站东北方向的羊坪水库蓄放水数据进行相关性分析,结果表明,永胜地震台形变观测资料(除分量应变外)的年变形态,主要由羊坪水库的蓄、放水引起。  相似文献   

破裂带发展的扫描电镜实验研究及其对地震前兆的启示   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

赵永红  黄杰藩 《地球物理学报》1993,36(4):453-462

在扫描电镜下对带割缝的大理岩试件进行了单轴压缩实验.在加载的全过程中,观察了试件表面裂纹的产生、扩展、平面分布以及断裂扩展前缘处的微裂纹在主断裂扩展前后的开、闭变化,并分析了它们与外载之间的关系.在显微照片上量测了主断裂的宽度随外载水平及测点所在部位的变化规律.在实验测定和结果分析的基础上,解释了脆性岩石材料在宏观裂纹扩展时的断裂能明显偏离线弹性断裂力学预测值的原因,提出了以标量作为岩石损伤力学中的损伤量的设想,探讨了实验结果对了解地震前兆（如大地形变和地下水位异常）可能起到的作用.将实验观察到的微破裂活动与1975年海城7.3级地震前地下水位异常做了对比分析,发现两者在时空分布方面有许多相似之处.  相似文献   

长江三峡地区盐关微地震群的成因机制   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

杨清源  胡毓良 《地震地质》1993,15(3):247-252

盐关微地震群的活动局限在矿区内,地震都是微震和极微震。地震分两种类型:一种是微震活动,初动呈象限分布的双力偶滑动型震源机制,S波能量高于P波能量。另一种是极微震,初动几乎全负,P波能量高于S波能量,呈非双力偶的张破裂向内爆炸型的震源机制。两种地震的成因都是采矿诱发地震,不能做为仙女山断层向北延伸的证据  相似文献   

中美青藏高原数字宽频带地震观测     

郑重 《地震地磁观测与研究》1993,14(1):41-44

1991年7月至1992年7月,中美合作在青藏高原进行了天然地震观测。布设了由11个台站组成的台阵,其中7个台站由北至南分布在青藏公路格尔木至拉萨段沿线,2个分别在其两侧,另外2个在青藏高原东部。此台阵使用REF TEK 72A-02记录器和宽频带STS-2地震计,进行事件触发及连续记录。此次观测为在青藏高原内采集地震数据提供了极好的机会。  相似文献   

野外地磁测量的记录软件     

安贺海  房宗绯 《地震地磁观测与研究》1993,14(2):74-76

就流动地磁观测如何应用 PC—1500计算机代替手工记簿-实现记录方式的“变革”,提出一种新的记录软件。该软件的全部源程序均采用 BASIC 语言编写,其主要功能包括:①记录野外地磁观测数据,计算各种均值、桩位差、仪器差,并判断是否符合地磁规范要求。②数据的打印与存储。  相似文献