无人机多光谱影像的天然草地生物量估算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙世泽  汪传建  尹小君  王伟强  刘伟  张雅  赵庆展 《遥感学报》2018,22(5):848-856

地上草地生物量是衡量天然草地生态系统的重要指标,是草地资源合理利用和载畜平衡监测的重要依据。为了快速、准确、有效地估算天然草地地上生物量,掌握其变化规律,以天山北坡天然牧场为研究区,分析其地上生物量的时空分布特征。根据研究区阴坡与阳坡不同的草地类型和植被种类,利用多旋翼无人机获取的高分辨率多光谱影像(含近红外波段),结合地面实测数据,在进行天然草地地上生物量与植被指数相关性分析的基础上,运用回归分析方法,建立生物量和多种植被指数的估算模型。结果表明:考虑地形因子(阴阳坡)之后,植被地上生物量与各植被指数的相关性系数显著提高;不同坡向,同一植被指数拟合精度差异较大;同一坡向,各个植被指数的敏感性也有所不同。总体上,比值植被指数(RVI)与阴阳坡草地生物量拟合效果最好,模型精度均达到75%以上。利用植被指数建立的生物量估算方法结果与实际相符,可为天然草地生态系统检测和草地资源合理利用提供方法和依据。  相似文献   

融合LiDAR和多光谱影像的建筑物自动检测     

王宏涛  王变利 《测绘科学》2015,(8)

针对已有的从机载激光雷达(LiDAR)点云提取建筑物的方法多需要设置阈值及分类规则,造成算法适应性不强的问题,该文提出了一种LiDAR点云和多光谱影像进行自动化建筑物检测的方法。首先通过数据预处理从LiDAR点云中分离出建筑物点和树木点,然后综合LiDAR点云的表面曲率、强度信息和对应多光谱影像的NDVI值构建特征向量,最后基于支持向量机完成自动化的建筑物检测。试验结果表明,基于支持向量机的方法可将两种数据源有效结合起来用于自动化的建筑物检测。  相似文献   

Edge enhancement in multispectral satellite images by means of vector operators     

《Geofísica Internacional》2014,53(3):289-308

Edge enhancement is an element of analysis to derive the spatial structure of satellite images. Two methods to extract edges from multispectral satellite images are presented. A multispectral image is modeled as a vector field with a number of dimensions equal to the number of bands in the image. In this model, a pixel is defined as a vector formed by a number of elements equal to the number of bands. Two vector operators are applied to such vector field. In our first method, we extend the definition of the gradient. In this extension, the vector difference of the window central pixel with neighboring pixels is obtained. A multispectral image is then generated where each pixel represents the maximum change in spectral response in the image in any direction. This image is named a multispectral gradient. The other method, considers the generalization of the Laplacian by means of an η-dimensional Fourier transform. This image is named a multispectral Laplacian. The vector operators perform a simultaneous extraction of edge-content in the spectral bands of a multispectral image. Our methods are parameter-free. Our methods work for a multispectral image of any number of bands. Two examples are discussed that involve multispectral satellite images at two scales. We compare our results with widely used edge enhancement procedures. The evaluation of results shows better performance of proposed methods when compared to widely used edge operators.  相似文献   

多光谱遥感图像的自适应各向异性扩散滤波     

王毅  张良培  李平湘 《遥感学报》2005,9(6):659-666

图像滤波预处理不仅有助于增强图像信噪比和减少类间(intra-c lass)光谱可变性,而且还能够对影像中亮度均匀的区域进行平滑,从而为影像地物识别、分割和分类提供有力的支持。在Pope和Acton提出的两个多光谱图像各向异性扩散滤波模型的基础上,通过各向异性扩散和稳健统计学的联系,建立了基于B iwe ight Estim ator误差模型的扩散系数,同时利用非线性退化技术对梯度阈值的改进,提出了两个基于各向异性扩散方程的非线性滤波方法。提出的方法不仅能够有效地消除传感器随机噪声的影响,而且还能够很好地保持遥感图像上重要的细节边缘和影像质量。实验结果表明,不论是视觉效果还是质量统计分析,提出的扩散模型的性能优于Pope和Acton的各向异性扩散模型,是理想的多光谱图像保边缘滤波方法。  相似文献   

The Z/I Imaging Digital Camera System   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Hinz  & H. Heier 《The Photogrammetric Record》2000,16(96):929-936

Market needs for airborne and spaceborne imagery used in photogrammetry and GIS applications are changing. Fundamental changes in sensors, platforms and applications are currently taking place. Most recently, new high resolution spaceborne sensors have become available. Besides classical photogrammetry, new thematic applications will drive the future image market. Savings in cost and time, together with the need for higher and reproducible radiometric resolution or spectral information will push forward the change from analogue to digital imagery. High resolution satellites will compete with airborne film-based photography and digital camera systems.
With the availability of a digital airborne camera, it is possible to completely close the digital chain from image acquisition to exploitation and data distribution. The key decision regarding the camera design in this case is whether a linear or area array sensor should be used. In view of the high geometric accuracy requirements in photogrammetry, Z/I Imaging has focused development on a digital camera based on an area sensor. An essential aspect of this decision was not only the aerial camera system, but also the entire photogrammetric process to the finished photographic or mapping product. If this point of view is adopted, it becomes clear that the development of a digital camera involves more than simply exchanging film for silicon. Aspects such as data transfer rates, in-flight data processing and storage, image archiving, georeferencing, colour fusion, calibration and preprocessing have the same influence on the economic assessment of a digital camera system. This paper describes current development activities and application aspects of a digital modular airborne camera system.  相似文献   

全色/多光谱融合影像的MVG无参考质量评价     

包科迪  孟祥超  邵枫  叶蒙梦  金康俊  彭振宇 《遥感学报》2022,26(3):568-578

同时具有高空间分辨率和高光谱保真度的全色/多光谱融合影像具有广泛的应用前景.然而,一方面全色/多光谱融合方法通常会产生不同的空间畸变或光谱失真;另一方面,受卫星成像系统限制,无法获取真实高空间分辨率多光谱参考影像,因此,如何在无真实参考影像情况下有效评估融合影像质量具有重要意义.为此,本文提出了一种基于多元高斯模型(M...  相似文献   

Mapping forest windthrows using high spatial resolution multispectral satellite images     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Wind disturbances represent the main source of damage in European forests, affecting them directly (windthrows) or indirectly due to secondary damages (insect outbreaks and forest fires). The assessment of windthrows damages is very important to establish adequate management plans and remote sensing can be very useful for this purpose. Many types of optical remote sensing data are available with different spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions, and many options are possible for data acquisition, i.e. immediately after the event or after a certain time. The objective of this study is to compare the windthrows mapping capabilities of two multispectral satellite constellations (i.e. Sentinel-2 and PlanetScope) characterized by very different spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions, and to evaluate the impact of the acquisition conditions on the mapping results. The analysed area, with an extent of 732 km², is located in the Trentino-South Tyrol region (Italy) which was affected by the Vaia storm on the 27th-30th of October 2018, causing serious forest damages. The change vector analysis technique was used to detect the windthrows. For each data source, two pairs of images were considered: 1) pre- and post- event images acquired as close as possible to the event; 2) pre- and post- event images acquired at optimal conditions, i.e. at similar phenological state and similar illumination conditions. The results obtained with the two satellite constellations are very similar despite their different resolutions. Data acquired in optimal conditions allowed having the best detection rate (accuracy above 80 %), while data acquired just after the event showed many limitations. Improved spatial resolution (PlanetScope data) allows for a better delineation of the borders of the windthrow areas and of the detection of smaller windthrow patches.  相似文献   

基于WOFOST模型与UAV数据的玉米生长后期地上生物量估算     

程志强  蒙继华  纪甫江  汪洋  方慧婷  于丽红 《遥感学报》2020,24(11):1403-1418

地上生物量能够有效反映作物的生长状态，其信息的实时估算对产量预测和农田生产管理都有重要意义。作物生长模型因其详尽的生理生化基础和对生长过程数字化描述能力，成为生物量估算的理想模型。近年来，研究人员利用数据同化算法将时间序列遥感数据同化到作物生长模型中，实现了作物模型由基于气象站的点模拟到区域尺度面模拟的外推，使生物量模拟结果同时具备大范围和机理性两个方面的特点。这一模式下，时间序列的遥感数据质量将对生物量模拟精度产生直接影响，作物生长后期受到光谱饱和的影响，遥感数据的作物冠层信息获取能力会出现明显下降，因此有必要对该阶段遥感数据和作物模型的结合方式进行优化，提升生物量模拟精度。本文针对东北地区春玉米生物量遥感估算存在的问题，提出了利用WOFOST作物模型结合无人机（UAV）遥感数据实现作物生长后期生物量准确估算的新思路。新思路首先利用多光谱遥感数据获取WOFOST模型具备较高空间异质性的土壤速效养分参数以提升模型的空间信息模拟能力，使其能在一定程度上摆脱点尺度模拟的限制。同时，结合集合卡尔曼滤波算法将生长前期无人机（UAV）遥感数据同化到模型中，以缩短模型单独运行时间，减少模型运行过程中的参数误差累积，实现无遥感数据参与下的短期作物生长模拟，并输出生长后期相应的生物量模拟结果。最后，本文利用地面实测数据对新方法的生物量模拟精度进行了评价。结果表明，与全生育期数据同化相比，新方法的生物量估算精度有了明显的提升（全生育期同化：R² = 0.45，RMSE = 4254.30 kg/ha；新方法：R²= 0.86，RMSE = 2216.79 kg/ha）。  相似文献   

Monitoring turbidity from above: Deploying small unoccupied aerial vehicles to image in‐stream turbidity     

Karyn Ehmann  Christa Kelleher  Laura E. Condon 《水文研究》2019,33(6):1013-1021

Small unoccupied aerial systems (sUASs) are increasingly applied to study hydrologic processes and water quality. Here, we evaluate a novel application of sUAS to stream turbidity monitoring, with the goal of extending analyses implemented with satellite remote sensing to enable high resolution, rapid collection of turbidity imagery along smaller waterbodies. To accomplish this, we collected multispectral imagery using two sUAS platforms under a range of environmental conditions along a local creek in Syracuse, NY. In addition, we collected in situ turbidity observations immediately after each flight along several transects along the creek, as well as within a clear plume created by a natural spring entering the main channel of the creek. The in situ turbidity values were compared with the mean and standard deviation of several single‐band and multiband indices extracted along similar transects from the sUAS flights. On the basis of data collected across several flights, we found optical metrics obtained from multispectral imagery correlated well with in situ turbidity measurements. Though many optical metrics yielded strong relationships considering only values within the main channel, values associated with the red band were strongly related to turbidity estimates from the main channel as well as lower turbidity values observed in the spring plume. Although there are still limitations of this approach associated with variable field conditions, results from this proof of concept analysis show that sUASs offer a promising avenue for cost‐effective turbidity monitoring.  相似文献   

利用无人机的多光谱参数预测荔枝叶片养分质量分数     

周慧  苏有勇  王重洋  陈金月  赵晶  姜浩  陈水森  李丹 《热带地理》2019,39(4):562-570

以花芽分化期荔枝为例，分析了荔枝冠层叶片养分质量分数的空间分布差异；选用18种光谱变量，研究了荔枝不同冠层叶片养分质量分数与光谱变量的关系及其对无人机多光谱遥感监测模型的影响。结果表明：荔枝不同冠层叶片的氮、钾质量分数随冠层高度降低而明显提高；冠层中、上层叶片氮质量分数与无人机正射数据计算的类胡萝卜素反射指数（CRI）相关性最高（r＝0.86，p＜0.01）；冠层中、下层叶片钾质量分数与无人机正射数据的光谱变量显著相关，且与标准绿波段（NG）指数的相关程度最高（r＝-0.83，p＜0.01）。荔枝冠层叶片养分质量分数空间变化对基于垂直观测遥感数据建立的叶片养分质量分数估算模型精度有影响，无人机多光谱数据具有估算荔枝叶片氮、钾质量分数变化的潜力，但估算精度与冠层高度有关。  相似文献