Automated terrain feature identification from remote sensing imagery: a deep learning approach     

Wenwen Li  Chia-Yu Hsu 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(4):637-660

ABSTRACT

Terrain feature detection is a fundamental task in terrain analysis and landscape scene interpretation. Discovering where a specific feature (i.e. sand dune, crater, etc.) is located and how it evolves over time is essential for understanding landform processes and their impacts on the environment, ecosystem, and human population. Traditional induction-based approaches are challenged by their inefficiency for generalizing diverse and complex terrain features as well as their performance for scalable processing of the massive geospatial data available. This paper presents a new deep learning (DL) approach to support automatic detection of terrain features from remotely sensed images. The novelty of this work lies in: (1) a terrain feature database containing 12,000 remotely sensed images (1,000 original images and 11,000 derived images from data augmentation) that supports data-driven model training and new discovery; (2) a DL-based object detection network empowered by ensemble learning and deep and deeper convolutional neural networks to achieve high-accuracy object detection; and (3) fine-tuning the model’s characteristics and behaviors to identify the best combination of hyperparameters and other network factors. The introduction of DL into geospatial applications is expected to contribute significantly to intelligent terrain analysis, landscape scene interpretation, and the maturation of spatial data science.  相似文献   

Numerical modelling of railway ballast at the particle scale          下载免费PDF全文

Sharif Ahmed  John Harkness  Louis Le Pen  William Powrie  Antonis Zervos 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(5):713-737

The paper describes the development of a technique to simulate triaxial tests on specimens of railway ballast numerically at the particle scale and its validation with reference to physical test data. The ballast particles were modelled using potential particles and the well‐known discrete element method. The shapes of these elemental particles, the particle size distribution and the number of particles (N = 2800) in each numerical triaxial specimen all matched closely to the real ballast material being modelled. Confining pressures were applied to the specimen via a dynamic triangulation of the outer particle centroids. A parametric study was carried out to investigate the effects on the simulation of timestep, strain rate, damping, contact stiffness and inter‐particle friction. Finally, a set of parameters was selected that provided the best fit to experimental triaxial data, with very close agreement of mobilized friction and volumetric strain behaviour. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

多孔可变临界孔隙度模型及储层孔隙结构表征     

张佳佳  曾庆才  印兴耀  李红兵  姜仁  黄家强  张连群  张广智  谷一鹏 《地球物理学报》2021,64(2):724-734

碳酸盐岩、致密砂岩和页岩等储层具有孔隙类型多样、孔隙结构复杂和非均质性强等特征,属于典型的多重孔隙储层,孔隙结构表征是多重孔隙储层预测和流体识别的关键.现有的孔隙结构表征方法大多利用孔隙纵横比或者构建一种新参数来描述孔隙结构.岩石临界孔隙度模型是一种常用的岩石物理模型,具有一定的物理意义和地质含义.本文推导了岩石临界孔隙度与岩石孔隙结构(孔隙纵横比)之间的关系,进而利用极化(形状)因子建立临界孔隙度与弹性参数之间的关系,构建了能够包含多种孔隙类型的多孔可变临界孔隙度模型.利用多孔可变临界孔隙度模型由储层的弹性参数反演不同孔隙类型的体积含量.实验室测量数据和实际测井数据表明,多孔可变临界孔隙度模型能够适用于多重孔隙储层岩石物理建模和孔隙结构表征.  相似文献   

滩涂水边线Landsat-5影像提取方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨立君  张荣春  姜杰  苗立志  施佳凤 《海洋学报》2021,43(3):146-156

快速获取遥感影像水边线时空变化信息具有重要意义,滩涂水边线提取一直是遥感技术应用的难点问题。水边线在遥感影像上具有独特的空间关系与光谱特征。本文综合使用颜色模型变换法、信息熵计算法、最大类间方差法及边缘检测方法。以长江口崇明东滩为研究区,研究了Landsat-5卫星影像海陆对比度增强及不同尺度下的边缘提取,重点给出了基于热红外波段的水边线空间特征与光谱特征的计算方法,在面向对象技术框架下提出了一种顾及空间关系和光谱特征的遥感影像水边线快速提取方法。实验结果表明:(1)基于最大类间方差法的局部阈值分割法能够自动提取band 6的水边线,水边线连续、完整,空间信息丰富;(2)综合使用最佳指数法、离散度方法及颜色模型变换方法,能够有效增强海陆对比度,基于最大类间方差法的局部自适应Canny算子能够自动检测出增强后遥感影像高精度边缘;(3)利用水边线的空间关系和光谱特征,能够由计算机自动实现水边线的识别与连接工作;(4)本文提出的水边线提取方法速度快、自动化程度高,分别继承了阈值分割法的连续性强的优点和Canny算子定位精度高、细节呈现能力强的优势。研究结果对于海岸带动态变化、陆海相互作用机制、海岸带资源保护与开发及近海工程管理等研究具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

Harbour entrance morphology and sediments at a river mouth port,Westport, New Zealand     

R. M. Kirk  W. J. Hastie  J. L. Lumsden 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):689-697

Entrance morphologies and sediment characteristics were studied at Westport Harbour, a river mouth port located on the Buller River, New Zealand. The most frequent morphology found was that in which two submarine bars were present off the river mouth. When present, these bars were separated by a transverse channel running east from Carters Beach and terminating in the principal inlet channel. Sediment samples were collected and analysed for grain size, reliability (grain shape), and, in a few instances, mineralogy. The data collected suggested that longshore sediment transport is predominantly west to east and that river derived sediment is deflected to the east. The inner bar is predominantly a littoral drift related event whereas the outer bar, which is composed mainly of littoral drifted sediment, forms as a submarine extension of Carters Beach. Both bars can be modified by floods in the river, although modification of the outer bar is much less frequent because of the very high river flows required. Sediment can bypass directly across the river mouth only when the inner bar is present. On other occasions bypassing can only occur by transport through the transverse channel or over the outer bar, into the river channel and then onshore.  相似文献   

Shape from shading—a method of integration of sonar images and bathymetric data for ocean mapping     

Rongxing Li 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(2-3):115-127

Shape from shading is one of the methods that derive geometric information of objects from analysis of monocular images. Application of this technique to underwater sonar images enables the conversion of imposed reflectance characteristics in sonar images to shape information, namely, slopes, about the seafloor surface. A combination of this shape information and available sparse distributed depth points results in improved dense bathymetric data.

The reconstruction of shape models of seafloor surfaces from sonar images is treated as an inverse problem and is solved by the regularization theory. Sparse gridded points are used for boundary constraints. The regularization is implemented as a relaxation procedure with a hierarchical structure of multiresolution grids.  相似文献   

Study on the New Methods of Ship Object Detection Based on GNSS Reflection     

Yong Lu  Dongkai Yang  Weiqiang Li  Jichen Ding  Ziwei Li 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(1):22-30

This paper presents a study on the new methods of ship object detection based on GPS-R correlation power spectra. Both the principle and the algorithms for recognition are given in detail. The architecture of Doppler Delay Mapping Receiver (DDMR), signal-processing chain, and correlation power spectra discriminant of the reflected signals from the ship object are discussed. Real-time data collection campaigns were done near the sea at Sanya with the Doppler delay mapping receiver mounted on an airplane. Some preliminary experiment results show that the DDMR could work well and can be used in ship object detecting.  相似文献   

评估MODIS的BRDF角度指数产品   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

焦子锑  李小文  王锦地  张虎 《遥感学报》2011,15(3):432-456

应用地表观测的二向性反射数据集和多种MODIS数据产品,通过统计分析,对MODIS的二向性反射角度指数产品进行综合评估,结果表明:(1)MODIS角度指数包含了地表三维结构信息,有望用来反演地表的物理结构参数;(2)MODIS角度指数是内在的三维关系,各向异性因子(Anisotropic Factor:ANIF)和各向异性指数(Anisotropic Index:ANIX)高相关,建议去掉ANIF以精炼MODIS角度指数产品;(3)各向异性平整指数(Anisotropic FlatIndex:AFX)较好地指示了地表基本散射类型的变化,且具有较小的类内方差,对改善特定地表分类精度可能会更有用.  相似文献   

GIS线目标间拓扑关系描述的层次方法     

邓敏  李志林  李永礼 《遥感学报》2007,11(3):311-317

拓扑关系是一种相对较弱的空间目标位置约束,已广泛应用于空间查询、分析和推理等实际应用中。本文主要研究IR2中两个线目标间拓扑关系的描述和区分方法,采用的基本思路是将两个线目标间的关系描述为若干个基本关系的组合。在拓扑关系描述和区分时,提出了具有不同分类能力的拓扑不变量,分别是：维数、分离数、交分量类型和交分量全序,并依次建立了相应的分类方法。分析发现,在IR2中的两个线目标间具有17种潜在的基本关系。其中的11种是描述复合线/线关系的基本构成单元。  相似文献   

矿液致裂作用对苗儿山矿田花岗岩型脉状铀矿床多期成矿的制约     

方适宜 《国外铀金地质》2012,(1):9-15,56

运用矿液致裂理论与多种测试技术,详细研究了桂北苗儿山矿田花岗岩型脉状铀矿床矿脉的形态与内部结构,获知成矿时矿液的压力大于围岩的静压力,矿脉由矿液压裂作用形成。在此基础上讨论了矿液致裂对花岗岩型脉状铀矿床多期成矿的控制。  相似文献