海洋风能开发利用潜在环境影响模糊综合评价     

张榕  赵世明  刘富铀  刘玉新  张智慧  徐红瑞  孟洁  白杨 《海洋技术学报》2009,28(1)

运用模糊数学方法对海洋风能开发利用的潜在环境影响进行综合评价,旨在为海洋风能发电环境影响综合评价提供一种切实可行的方法.通过建立综合评价指标体系,确定专家评分表,确定各层次因素的权重,经过模糊评价,得到海洋风能开发利用的潜在环境影响评价等级的隶属度.评价等级隶属度的大小反映了潜在环境影响的程度,其结果可以为海洋风能电站的站址选择和电站建设提供可行性分析.  相似文献   

海洋能开发对沿海和海岛社会经济的促进作用     

刘富铀  张俊海  刘玉新  白杨  张智慧 《海洋技术学报》2009,28(1)

为了推进海洋能的开发利用,研究了海洋能开发对于沿海和海岛社会经济发展的促进作用,分析了我国海洋能的资源状况,阐述了我国沿海和海岛建设小康社会、海洋经济开发、海防建设、节能减排和应对气候变化等对于海洋能的需求,进行了江厦潮汐能电站和山东大管岛波浪能实验电站案例分析,提出了鼓励海洋能开发利用的措施建议.海洋能开发对沿海和海岛社会经济的发展具有积极的促进作用.  相似文献   

海洋工程试验池中风场模拟     

彭涛  杨建民  李俊 《海洋工程》2009,27(2):8-13

在考虑海洋工程装备在极端海况和运行海况下的载荷与受力,风载荷也是一个不可忽视的因素.目前物理模型试验仍是研究海洋工程结构物载荷与运动性能的重要手段,而深海结构物在水平漂移运动较大,如何在较大范围内得到满足试验要求的风场,是提高试验能力的重要问题.应用数值计算方法对大范围的风场模拟进行了分析,并进行了相应的物理实验,在此基础上对海洋工程试验的风场模拟提出了若干建议.  相似文献   

Ocean temperature responses to Typhoon Mstsa in the East China Sea   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

WANG Guansuo  QIAO Fangli 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(4):26-38

The MASNUM wave-tide-circulation coupled model, with 21 layers in the vertical and （1/8） °horizontal resolution, was employed to investigate the oceanic responses to Typhoon Mstsa which traversed the East China Sea （ECS） during the period of 4 - 6 August, 2005. Numerical experiment results are analyzed and compared with observation. The responses of the sea surface temperature （SST）, in a focused area of （27° -29°N, 121° - 124°E）, include heating and cooling stages. The heating is mainly due to warm Kuroshio water transportation and downwelling due to the water accumulation. In the cooling stage, the amplitude of the simulated cold wake （ -3℃ ）, located on the right side of this typhoon track, is compared quite well with that of the satellite observed SST data. The wave-induced mixing（Bv） plays a key role for the SST cooling. Bv still plays a leading role, which accounts for 36%, for the ocean temperature drop in the upper ocean of 0 - 40 m, while the upwelling is responsible for 84% of the cooling for the lower layer of 40 - 70 m. The mixed layer depth （MLD） increased quickly from 28 to 50 m in the typhoon period. However, the simulated MLD without the wave-induced vertical mixing, evolution from 13 to 32 m, was seriously underestimated. The surface wave is too important to be ignored for the ocean responses to a typhoon.  相似文献   

末次冰期以来南海南部千年尺度的古海洋学   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王良  刘传联 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2008,28(4)

对南海南部MD05-2896柱状样22.8 kaBP以来的深海沉积物进行了浮游有孔虫和颗石藻化石定量分析.通过转换函数、特定有孔虫属种含量及比值和颗石藻Florisphaera profunda百分含量等探讨了南海南部海水表层温度、上部水体结构、初级生产力以及碳酸盐溶解作用等变化趋势和周期性.结果表明:18 kaBP以前及10 kaBP以来,海水表层温度较高,碳酸盐溶解作用较强,温跃层营养跃层较深,初级生产力较低.18～10 kaBP冰期时,海水表层温度最低,碳酸盐溶解作用变弱,营养跃层和温跃层变浅,初级生产力较高.频谱分析结果显示,22.8 kaBP以来的气候变化具有明显的周期性,以类D/O事件的千年尺度周期为主,其中最主要的周期为1 500年.  相似文献   

Stormwater plume detection by MODIS imagery in the southern California coastal ocean     

Nikolay P. Nezlin  Paul M. DiGiacomo  Dario W. Diehl  Burton H. Jones  Scott C. Johnson  Michael J. Mengel  Kristen M. Reifel  Jonathan A. Warrick  Menghua Wang 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Stormwater plumes in the southern California coastal ocean were detected by MODIS-Aqua satellite imagery and compared to ship-based data on surface salinity and fecal indicator bacterial (FIB) counts collected during the Bight'03 Regional Water Quality Program surveys in February–March of 2004 and 2005. MODIS imagery was processed using a combined near-infrared/shortwave-infrared (NIR-SWIR) atmospheric correction method, which substantially improved normalized water-leaving radiation (nLw) optical spectra in coastal waters with high turbidity. Plumes were detected using a minimum-distance supervised classification method based on nLw spectra averaged within the training areas, defined as circular zones of 1.5–5.0-km radii around field stations with a surface salinity of S < 32.0 (“plume”) and S > 33.0 (“ocean”). The plume optical signatures (i.e., the nLw differences between “plume” and “ocean”) were most evident during the first 2 days after the rainstorms. To assess the accuracy of plume detection, stations were classified into “plume” and “ocean” using two criteria: (1) “plume” included the stations with salinity below a certain threshold estimated from the maximum accuracy of plume detection; and (2) FIB counts in “plume” exceeded the California State Water Board standards. The salinity threshold between “plume” and “ocean” was estimated as 32.2. The total accuracy of plume detection in terms of surface salinity was not high (68% on average), seemingly because of imperfect correlation between plume salinity and ocean color. The accuracy of plume detection in terms of FIB exceedances was even lower (64% on average), resulting from low correlation between ocean color and bacterial contamination. Nevertheless, satellite imagery was shown to be a useful tool for the estimation of the extent of potentially polluted plumes, which was hardly achievable by direct sampling methods (in particular, because the grids of ship-based stations covered only small parts of the plumes detected via synoptic MODIS imagery). In most southern California coastal areas, the zones of bacterial contamination were much smaller than the areas of turbid plumes; an exception was the plume of the Tijuana River, where the zone of bacterial contamination was comparable with the zone of plume detected by ocean color.  相似文献   

Some Unresolved Issues in Ocean Pipes Aspirating Fluid     

钱勤  王琳  倪樵  黄玉盈 《中国海洋工程》2008,22(1):171-180

This paper reviews the dynamics of ocean pipes aspirating fluid and presents a selective review of the research undertaken on it. It focuses on the equations of motion, fluid-solid interaction at the inlet of the free end of the pipe, the stability mechanism of pipes aspirating steady fluid, etc. In particular, some unresolved or partly resolved issues on these important aspects are discussed. Finally, the promising future development in this area is discussed.  相似文献   

基于形态学的海洋锋形态特征提取     

薛存金  苏奋振  周军其  郭衍游  仉天宇 《海洋科学》2008,32(5):57-61

根据形态学梯度理论:不同尺寸的结构元素适合不同空间尺度的特征提取,结构元素尺寸的过大或者过小都会达不到最佳的特征边缘提取效果,从结构元素的尺寸δ与海洋锋横断面宽度γ和海流流幅的空间尺度λ的理论关系图推导中,提出δ,γ和λ的最佳定量关系:δ=γ/2,且δ<=λ/2,旨在对海洋锋形态特征进行提取。最后,以黑潮和墨西哥湾流为实验数据,进行海洋锋形态特征的自动提取,实验结果表明该定量关系的正确性和有效性。  相似文献   

海洋遥感数据缺值对EOF和REOF时空分布分析的影响     

黄二辉  杨燕明  潘德炉 《台湾海峡》2008,27(1):99-111

本文分别采用经验正交函数EOF和旋转经验正交函数REOF两种方法,对中国海(14°～40°N、105°～132°E)1998年1月～1999年8月之间SeaWiFS归一化离水辐射率Lwn(490nm)数据,进行时空分布分析研究.结果表明:在不同时间区段、不同空间范围,利用EOF和REOF分解得到的典型要素场时空分布存在较小差异,在时间、空间分布上较稳定.同时也说明,被云遮掩的部分遥感数据对EOF和REOF分析结果影响是很小的.  相似文献   

Comparison of surface wind stress characteristics over the Tropical Atlantic (10°N–40°S) in fields derived from the UWM/COADS, NCEP/NCAR and QuikSCAT datasets     

Vadlamudi Brahmananda Rao  Emanuel Giarolla  Clóvis Monteiro do Espírito Santo  Sergio Henrique Franchito 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(4):551-560

A comparison of monthly wind stress derived from winds of NCEP/NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis and UWM/COADS (The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee/Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set) dataset (1950–1993), and of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and satellite-based QuikSCAT dataset (2000–2006), is made over the South Atlantic (10°N–40°S). On a mean seasonal scale, the comparison shows that these three wind stress datasets have qualitatively similar patterns. Quantitatively, in general, from about the equator to 20°S in the mid-Atlantic the wind stress values are stronger in NCEP/NCAR data than those in UWM/COADS data. On the other hand, in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) area the wind stress values in NCEP/NCAR data are slightly weaker than those in UWM/COADS data. In the South Atlantic, between 20° S–40°S, the QuikSCAT dataset presents complex circulation structures which are not present in NCEP/NCAR and UWM/COADS data. The wind stress is used in a numerical ocean model to simulate ocean currents, which are compared to a drifting-buoy observed climatology. The modeled South Equatorial Current agrees better with observations between March–May and June–August. Between December–February, the South Equatorial Current from UWM/COADS and QuikSCAT experiments is stronger and more developed than that from NCEP/NCAR experiment. The Brazil Current, in turn, is better represented in the QuikSCAT experiment. Comparison of the annual migration of ITCZ at 20° and 30°W in UWM/COADS and NCEP/NCAR data sources show that the southernmost position of ITCZ at 30°W in February, March and April coincides with the rainy season in NE Brazil, while the northernmost position of ITCZ at 20°W in August coincides with the maximum rainfall of Northwest Africa.  相似文献