脱水对生物结皮中齿肋赤藓光合色素含量和叶绿体结构的影响   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

魏美丽  张元明 《中国沙漠》2010,30(6):1311-1318

通过脱水对生物结皮中齿肋赤藓叶绿体结构特征和光合色素含量的影响研究,结果表明,在脱水过程中,齿肋赤藓光合色素含量及叶绿体结构变化特征表现为4个阶段:①启动期,脱水0～2 h,光合色素含量与完全湿润时差异不显著(P>0.05),此时透射电镜下叶绿体中基粒片层结构和类囊体清晰,纵向排列,叶绿体双层膜系统保持完好;②快速增加期,脱水2～6 h内,光合色素含量快速升高,在脱水6 h 时达最大值,此时叶绿体结构发育最为充分,嗜锇颗粒数量最多且集中分布;③相对稳定期,脱水6～10 h,光合色素含量在达到最大值后,逐渐降低,但差异不显著(P>0.05),叶绿体结构依然完整;④缓慢衰退期,脱水10 h后,直至完全干燥,光合色素含量逐渐降低,完全干燥时叶绿体趋于解体。研究还表明,齿肋赤藓光合色素含量变化明显滞后于形态结构变化,其含量在完全湿润时并非最高,而在脱水6 h时(RWC为26.4%)达最大值,而后随含水量降低而降低,与种子植物光合色素含量随含水量降低不同,这可能与其内部结构修复有关,再水化后光合色素完全恢复,说明齿肋赤藓光合色素对水分的响应是可逆的。  相似文献   

不同营养状态下附生藻类对菹草(Potamogeton crispus)叶片光合机能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈灿  张浏  赵兴青  虞斌  尹大强 《湖泊科学》2007,19(4):485-491

以沉水植物--菹草为对象,实验室模拟水下弱光(100±10μmole/(m2·s)环境,进行附生藻类(生物控制和无生物控制)和营养(中营养、富营养和超富营养)双因子正交实验,探讨富营养水体附生藻类暴发对沉水植物叶片光合机能的影响.结果表明,水体营养水平提高促使菹草叶片附生藻类大量繁殖,富营养条件(TN:1mg/L;TP:0.1mg/L)下附生藻类在菹草叶片的增殖速率(Chl.a)达到0.16μg/(cm2·d),日本沼虾 耳萝卜螺的生物控制模式能有效控制菹草叶片上附生藻类的生物量.水下原位叶绿素荧光参数观测表明,42 d附生藻类引起菹草叶片光合机能下降,Chl.a密度下降25.2%,caro密度下降20.8%,PSII电子产率降低9.8%,电子传递速率(ETR)下降,光化学淬灭(qP)平均下降超过60%.研究表明,水体营养水平提高促进沉水植物叶片附生藻类增殖,导致菹草光合机能下降,营养盐的作用是间接的.  相似文献   

柑橘植株冠层氮素和光合色素含量近地遥感估测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘雪峰  吕强  何绍兰  易时来  谢让金  郑永强  胡德玉  汪志涛  邓烈 《遥感学报》2015,19(6):1007-1018

柑橘植株营养状况的遥感监测是实现果树轻简高效管理和优质丰产的重要手段,但迄今有关基于低空遥感信息的果树营养诊断研究鲜见报道。本文采用具有490 nm、550 nm、570 nm、671 nm、680 nm、700 nm、720 nm、800 nm、840 nm、900 nm、950 nm等11个波段光谱的八旋翼飞行器(UAV)载多光谱遥感系统,获取距地面100 m高度的哈姆林甜橙植株春季冠层近地遥感信息,对比分析基于多元散射校正(MSC)和标准正态变量(SNV)两种预处理光谱和原始光谱(OS)的偏最小二乘(PLS)、多元线性回归(MLR)、主成分回归(PCR)及最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)等4种模型对冠层叶片氮素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量预测精度的影响。结果显示,距地面100 m高度的多光谱信息,通过SNV光谱预处理和MLR建模对冠层叶片氮素、叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量的预测效果均较好,预测集相关系数(Rp)值分别达0.8036、0.8065和0.8107,预测均方根误差(RMSEP)值分别为0.1363、0.0427和0.0243;而在SNV光谱预处理基础上的LS-SVM建模对冠层类胡萝卜素含量预测效果更优,Rp值达到了0.8535,RMSEP值为0.0117。表明利用机载多光谱图像信息可实现对柑橘植株冠层全氮及叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量的较好估算,为大规模柑橘园植株冠层营养状况的精准和高效监测提供了一条新途径。  相似文献   

铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻光合利用碳酸氢盐探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

支彦丽  储昭升  钟远  李贺  庄源益 《湖泊科学》2008,20(4):443-449

为了探讨羹类光合过程对碳酸氧盐的利用,研究不同pH值下铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻的净光合速率,并着重研究这两株藻的碳酸氢盐摄取速率.结果表明,从弱酸性到弱碱性,四尾栅藻的净光合速率都比铜绿微囊藻高.由pH值超过pH转折点后的无机碳摄取速率计算得到的碳酸氢盐摄取速率对铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻分别为142.14和314.08μmo1DIC/(g·h,FW),故这两株藻都可利用碳酸氢盐作为碳源进行光合,且均为强碳酸氧盐利用者;但是,四尾栅藻对碳酸氲盐的利用能力强于铜绿微囊藻.另外,与四尾栅藻相比,铜绿微囊藻的碳酸氧盐摄取速率更易受抑制剂的抑制.  相似文献   

Study on model for remote sensing estimation of maize yield     

Liu Zhaoli  Huang Tieqing  Wan Enpu  Zhang Yangzhen 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,8(2):161-167

Through analysis of perpendicular vegetation index (PVI) from combination of visible and near-infrared spectrums reflecting the feature of crop reflectance, we come to the conclusion that the index can better indicate crop instantaneous photosynthesis whereas people generally regard it as the representation of crop leaf area index (LAI). Exploration of crop photosynthesis within a day and its period of duration leads to production of photosynthetic vegetation index (PST) that can reflect the whole crop accumulated photosynthesis, which means the total biomass produced by crop, moreover the method simulating PST is put forward by employment of multi-temporal spectrum parameters. On the basis of the achievements mentioned above, a new comprehensive model for remote sensing estimation of maize yield is established, which can comprehensively show major physiological actions of maize and the course of its yield formation, organically integrate various effective ways of crop yield estimation. It lays a solid foundation for carrying out remote sensing estimation of maize yield on a large scale.  相似文献   

Influence of albumen on aggregation and O2 evolution of protoplasm from Bryopsis hypnoides Lamourou     

李映霞  王广策 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2008,26(4)

The extruded protoplasm from the coenocytic green alga, Bryopsis hypnoides Lamouroux, was able to reform a cell wall and develop further into a mature alga in seawater. In this paper, the influence of albumen on the ability of aggregation and on the photosynthesis of protoplasm was examined. Results show that the protoplasm of B. hypnoides could aggregate in either albumen or chicken egg, which is similar to that in seawater. However unlike in seawater, the aggregation from B. hypnoides in albumen and chicken egg failed to develop into a mature individual. Interestingly, the protoplasm of B. hypnoides could maintain its photosynthetic O2 evolution in albumen and chicken egg, while the time in chicken egg was longer than that in albumen.  相似文献   

Estuarine phytoplankton dynamics and shift of limiting factors: A study in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary and adjacent area   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Zhuo-Yi Zhu  Wai-Man Ng  Su-Mei Liu  Jing Zhang  Jay-Chung Chen  Ying Wu 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,84(3):393

Environmental factors in estuaries are highly variable in terms of both spatial and temporal dimensions and hence phytoplankton biomass, as well as community structure, is dynamic. Two cruises were carried out in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary and adjacent area in spring and summer. The result of CHEMTAX calculation suggests that in spring diatoms and chlorophytes contribute equally to phytoplankton biomass, while phytoplankton community structure is mainly composed of diatoms in summer. We encountered blooms in summer with chlorophyll a (CHLa) over 10 μg l⁻¹ off the Changjiang Estuary and they were mainly caused by diatoms (>90%). Based on the HPLC analysis of samples collected, phytoplankton pigments mainly concentrated beyond the front between 122.5°E and 123°E where nutrients and turbidity were best balanced. Euphotic depth (Z_eu, calculated from Secchi disk depth) to surface mixed layer depth (Z_mix) ratio (i.e. Z_eu/Z_mix) were comparable in spring (average value 1.2) and the ratio increased to 5.2 in summer. Variation of the ratio indicates an apparent shift of light and physical conditions from spring to summer. Correspondingly, CHLa was positively related to Z_eu/Z_mix ratio (r² = 0.83) in spring, indicating the light limitation over the whole investigation area. On the other hand, the relationship of CHLa and Z_eu/Z_mix ratio became unclear when Z_eu/Z_mix ratio >3 in summer. This is probably due to the combination of both light limitation before the front and nutrient limitation beyond the front. In addition, evidence was found that light condition can impact the diagnostic pigments in the Changjiang Estuary.  相似文献   

Bicarbonate Daily Variations in a Karst River: the Carbon Sink Effect of Subaquatic Vegetation Photosynthesis   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

ZHANG Cheng  WANG Jinliang  PU Junbing  YAN Jun 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(4):973-979

Using the Guancun River, an underground stream-fed river, in Rong’an County of Guangxi, China as a case study, the daily biochemical cycle was examined in this paper based on the data collected a weeklong via high resolution data logger monitoring and high-frequency sampling. Furthermore, the loss of inorganic carbon along its flow path was estimated. Results show that chemical components of the groundwater input are quite stable, showing little change extent; while all of the chemical parameters from two downstream monitoring stations show diel variation over the monitoring period, suggesting that plant activity in the river has a strong influence on water chemistry of the river. The comparison of the input fluxes from the groundwater with the output fluxes of HCO3? estimated at the downstream monitoring station during the high-frequency sampling period shows a strong decrease of HCO3?, indicating that the river is losing inorganic carbon along its flow path. The loss is estimated to be about 1,152 mmol/day/m of HCO3? which represent about 94.9 kg/day of inorganic carbon along the 1,350 m section of the Guancun River. It means that HCO3? entering the river from karst underground stream was either consumed by plants or trapped in the authigenic calcite and thus constitutes a natural sink of carbon for the Guancun karst system.  相似文献   

铜和镁离子对卵圆卡盾藻生长、光合色素和溶血活性的影响          下载免费PDF全文

苟偲钰  叶志林  江天久 《应用海洋学学报》2021,40(3):395-402

本研究探索了不同浓度的铜和镁离子对卵圆卡盾藻(Chattonella ovata)光合色素含量及其溶血活性的影响,并探讨了溶血活性与光合色素间的关系。结果表明,当铜和镁离子浓度分别为7.84μg/dm~3和18.79 g/dm~3时,卵圆卡盾藻达到最佳生长状态。不同浓度的铜离子(3.92、5.88、7.84、9.80μg/dm~3)处理下,高浓度组(9.80μg/dm~3)抑制了卵圆卡盾藻岩藻黄质和硅甲藻黄素的积累。随着镁离子浓度(7.52、11.27、15.03、18.79 g/dm~3)的增加,叶绿素c2和硅甲藻黄素的平均含量增加,而紫黄质、岩藻黄质平均含量变化不显著(p 0.05)。卵圆卡盾藻的溶血活性均随金属离子浓度升高而增强,与叶绿素c2的变化趋势一致。对溶血活性与光合色素进行因子分析,提示溶血毒素与叶绿素c2密切相关,这种毒素可能是叶绿素c2或其类似物。  相似文献   

增强的UV-B辐射对地木耳中抗逆性物质的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王弋博  曲颖  杨亚军 《冰川冻土》2011,33(3):654-658

实验室条件下模拟兰州地区夏至臭氧层衰减12％、20％和40％时增强的UV-B辐射2.54kJ·m-2·d-1(T1)、4.25 kJ·m-2· d-1 (T2)和8.35 kJ·m-2·d-1(T3),研究了不同强度的UV-B辐射对陆生蓝藻地木耳（Nostoc commune）中的的抗逆性物质光合色素（叶绿素a、类胡...  相似文献