Nonlinear seismic soil–pile–structure interactions: Shaking table tests and FEM analyses     

K.T. Chau  C.Y. Shen  X. Guo 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

In this paper, a soil–pile–structure model is tested on a shaking table subject to both a sinusoidal wave and the acceleration time history of the scaled 1940 El Centro earthquake. A medium-size river sand is compacted into a 1.7-m-high laminar rectangular tank to form a loose fill with a relative density of 15%. A single-storey steel structure of 2.54 ton is placed on a concrete pile cap, which is connected to the four end-bearing piles. A very distinct pounding phenomenon between soil and pile is observed; and, the acceleration response of the pile cap can be three times larger than that of the structural response. The pounding is due to the development of a gap separation between soil and pile, and the extraordinary large inertia force suffered at the top of the pile also induces cracking in the pile. To explain this observed phenomenon, nonlinear finite element method (FEM) analyses with a nonlinear gap element have been carried out. The spikes in the acceleration response of the pile cap caused by pounding can be modeled adequately by the FEM analyses. The present results suggest that one of the probable causes of pile damages is due to seismic pounding between the laterally compressed soil and the pile near the pile cap level.  相似文献   

青藏高原西部改则地区大气边界层特征   总被引：32，自引：5，他引：27  

李家伦  洪钟祥  孙菽芬 《大气科学》2000,24(3):301-312

利用第二次青藏高原大气科学考察试验（TIPEX）改则站大气边界层物理观测资料,着重揭示了该地区边界层结构的观测事实,尤其是近地层风、温、湿特征和土壤温、湿特征。主要结果如下:（1）边界层内风速随高度呈多极值分布,即使在白天混合层内,空气上下混合也较差;（2）边界层内白天温度递减率较大,可达到1.6 ℃/100 m;（3）白天,边界层常出现逆湿现象。  相似文献   

公路桥涵台背回填稳定性极限分析上限解   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

葛折圣  葛折贵  黄晓明 《岩土力学》2004,25(12):2007-2012

运用塑性力学极限分析的上限定理,分析公路桥涵台背回填的稳定性问题。首先,由模型试验和数值分析结果确定回填区和地基的滑动模式;其次,根据位移协调条件建立滑动体的速度场,并计算各滑动楔块的位移速度;最后,运用虚功原理和优化算法寻找最不利滑动面位置,计算不同回填材料的土压力或临界填筑高度。研究发现：地基与回填材料的强度、性能以及加筋条件对台背回填稳定性的影响都非常显著。结果表明：增加地基与回填材料的强度,采用轻质回填材料,减小加筋间距和增加筋材强度,都有利于提高台背回填材料的稳定性。  相似文献   

邻近隧道爆破振动响应研究   总被引：33，自引：3，他引：30  

王明年  潘晓马  张成满  温向东  王慨慷 《岩土力学》2004,25(3):412-414

由于新建隧道与既有隧道之间距离较近,开挖爆破产生的地震波会危及既有隧道衬砌结构的安全和稳定,笔者应用现场监测和数值分析两种手段对此进行了分析研究,得出了一些有意义的结论。  相似文献   

赤道东太平洋SST强增温过程特征分析     

林玉英  战淑芸 《海洋预报》2000,17(1):30-37

本文利用太平洋海温距平场资料,对１９８６年以来发生的厄尔尼诺过程的开始时间、发展过程及强度等方面进行了分析。并与历史上的厄尔尼诺过程进行比较,结果表明,９０年代是厄尔尼诺事件的多发期,在１９９１￣９８年的８年中,间连续发生四次厄经诺事件,其中１９９７￣９８年的厄尔尼诺,成为有历史记录以来最强的一次过程。  相似文献   

Exopolysaccharide production by four cyanobacterial isolates and preliminary identification of these isolates   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

ZHANG Yunyi CHI Zhenming LU Weidong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2):147-152

Four marine cyanobacterial isolates, named 104, 109, 113 and 115, from marine water off China＇s coast can release a large amount of exopolysaccharide （EPS） to medium. The effects of different components in medium on EPS production by the four isolates were investigated. Under the optimal condition, the EPS released by isolates 104,109, 113 and 115 reached 7.48 g L^-1, 8.33 g L^-1, 18.26 g L^-1, and 6.78 g L^-1 within 14 d,respectively. Based on the conventional identification methods for cyanobacteria,these isolates were assigned to genus Cyanothece.  相似文献   

Lateglacial and Holocene climate and soil erosion in southeastern France: A case study from Etang du Pourra,Provence     

H. Laval  J. Medus  C. Parron  J. P. Simonnet  P. Trement 《第四纪科学杂志》1992,7(3):235-245

A synthesis of pollen evidence from Etang du Pourra, a small pond in Rhodanian Provence, France, complemented by new sedimentological, mineralogical and palynological data allow a reassessment of the Lateglacial-Holocene vegetation and climatic history of the area. The Etang du Pourra succession is shown to consist of two parts; the lower part dates from the Lateglacial and the upper reveals the Holocene pollen-stratigraphic succession typical of the region. In the Lateglacial, a humid and cooler phase is recorded before the Younger Dryas conditions progressively set in. In the Holocene succession, the consequences of human modifications on the environment are clearly visible in changes in mineralogy and pollen stratigraphy.  相似文献   

罗甸南部多金属矿特征与成矿条件初步分析     

管永胜  陈启飞 《贵州地质》2008,25(4)

罗甸南部位于右江造山带北缘,褶皱断层较为复杂,穹状构造发育,有利于多金属矿床形成。本文简要叙述该区多金属矿产特征,并对其成矿条件进行初步分析。  相似文献   

Spatial distribution and susceptibility analyses of pre-earthquake and coseismic landslides related to the Ms 6.5 earthquake of 2014 in Ludian,Yunan, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yingying Tian  Jian Chen  Haoyuan Hong 《国际地球制图》2017,32(9):978-989

On 3 August 2014, an earthquake struck Ludian County, Yunnan Province, China, which has caused a large number of coseismic landslides. Visual interpretation permitted 284 and 1053 landslides before and after the event to be mapped, respectively. This work attempted to analyse these two kinds of landslides. Conditioning factors, such as slope angle, aspect, curvature, elevation, distance from drainages, intensity and lithology, and the index of Landslide Number Density (LND) were used to describe the spatial distribution of these landslides. Then, the pre-earthquake and coseismic landslide susceptibility maps were produced using the information value model. The areas under curve are 84.73 and 77.05%, for the pre-earthquake and coseismic landslides, respectively. The results show that the LND values as well as the information values of coseismic landslides are larger than those of the pre-earthquake case. This also indicates that this Ludian earthquake has a relatively larger ability to trigger landslides.  相似文献   

西辽河平原东部沼泽发育与中全新世早期以来古环境演变   总被引：11，自引：9，他引：11  

杨永兴  黄锡畴  王世岩  孔昭宸 《地理科学》2001,21(3):242-249

根据典型沼泽剖面14 C测年及其树木年轮校正、孢粉分析、粘土矿物X 衍射分析、泥炭植物残体鉴定和沉积物的化学元素聚集与迁移资料 ,研究了中全新世以来西辽河平原东部沼泽发育过程与古环境演变及其二者的关系。结果表明 ,位于生态环境过渡带、脆弱带的沼泽发生、发育对环境变化尤为敏感。中全新世早期以来 ,环境变化频繁 ,由此导致沼泽发育出现多次形成、发育、退化、消亡、再生循环变化。沼泽发育与古环境演变可划分为 6个时期 :中全新世早期沼泽孕育与萌芽发育期 ;中全新世中期沼泽旺盛发育期 ;中全新世中晚期沼泽间断发育期 ;中全新世晚期沼泽退化发育期 ;晚全新世早期沼泽复苏期 ;晚全新世晚期沼泽消亡期。距今 5 80 0年左右为本区全新世沼泽最早发育期。沼泽发育也遵循富营养沼泽长期发展的模式  相似文献