广东徐闻地区滨珊瑚遗传多样性和系统发生关系     

刘丽  李文娟  刘楚吾 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(2):371-376

利用ITS区和12SrRNA基因对广东徐闻地区7种滨珊瑚科珊瑚的遗传多样性和系统发生关系进行了研究。结果表明:(1)基于ITS1检测到在58个样本中有48个单倍型,多样性在0.800—1.000之间,多态位点数在5—62之间,核苷酸多样性指数在0.012—0.094之间;基于ITS2检测到43个单倍型,多样性在0.742—1.000之间,多态位点数在22—75之间,核苷酸多样性指数在0.017—0.175之间。基于ITS区所得遗传分化系数在0.00409—0.12170之间(P<0.001),遗传分化不明显,7种珊瑚中,二异角孔珊瑚的遗传多样性最丰富。(2)以12SrRNA基因建立的系统发育树与传统的形态学分类系统基本吻合,7种珊瑚被分成了3个支系,滨珊瑚属3种为一个支系,二异角孔珊瑚为一个支系,其余3种角孔珊瑚为一个支系。  相似文献   

Palaeogeographic reconstruction of the 1.55 Ma synchronous isolation of the Ryukyu Islands,Japan, and Taiwan and inflow of the Kuroshio warm current     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1369-1388

In the Quaternary, the Ryukyu Islands evolved from a continental margin arc to an island arc by backarc spreading of the Okinawa Trough, accompanied by subsidence and isolation of the islands, a process that has continued to the present. Trough-parallel half grabens were filled with marine siltstone. Similar sediments filling orthogonal fault-controlled and west-draining non-tectonic valleys record island separation. New Quaternary nannofossil biostratigraphic data date the deposition of the marine siltstone at 1.552 ± 0.154 Ma. At that time, the entire 1000 km-long island chain comprising the Ryukyu Islands separated from the Asian continent by rifting extending from the Okinawa Trough to the Tsushima Strait. The Tokara, Kerama, and Yonaguni gaps, branched or transverse rifts of the Okinawa Trough, separate the island chain into subgroups of the Osumi, Amami, Okinawa, and Yaeyama islands, and Taiwan. The shallow Taiwan Strait separated Taiwan from the Chinese mainland. The Kuroshio warm current that previously ran offshore of the continental margin arc began to enter the opening backarc basin through the Yonaguni gap and to exit through the Tokara gap, flowing along the axis of the Okinawa Trough. Under influence of the warm current and because of entrapment of continentally sourced detrital sediments by the Okinawa Trough, coral reefs formed around each island. These reefs make up a unit called the Ryukyu limestone. Subsidence continued through the deposition of this limestone, resulting in further isolation of each island. Some islands did not separate from the mainland but emerged above sea level later as a result of volcanic edifice construction or forearc uplift. Following initial isolation, the Japanese islands and Taiwan may have been connected to the mainland by land bridges during some sea level low stands related to glacial periods, whereas the other islands remained isolated. Based on ages of isolation of each island, a Quaternary palaeogeographic map and ‘phylogenetic tree’ of the islands can be drawn showing the separation time of each island from the mainland and from each other. This information should be useful for phylogenetic molecular biologists studying evolution of Ryukyu endemic species and vicariant speciation and could facilitate analysis of the DNA substitution rate.  相似文献   

系统发育多样性和系统发育结构在岛屿植物群落保护中的意义：以福建沿海19个岛屿为例          下载免费PDF全文

刘珉璐  陈鹏 《应用海洋学学报》2022,41(2):275-285

为了探讨福建沿海岛屿植物多样性的形成与维持机制,本研究在福建近岸有居民岛屿前期调查资料的基础上,补充部分无居民岛屿植物多样性及环境和人口密度调查数据,从物种多样性和系统发育多样性两方面比较了19个岛屿植物多样性及其影响因素。结果表明,岛屿面积是影响植物物种丰富度(species richness, SR)和Faith系统发育多样性(phylogenetic diversity, PD)最重要的因素,纬度和年均降水量也有一定影响。19个岛屿系统发育结构倾向于聚集,植物群落的构建可能主要受到环境因素和人类活动干扰影响。地理距离对岛屿间植物群落系统发育β多样性的变化影响不显著。建议对PD较高的东山岛、粗芦岛、南日岛、湄洲岛、厦门岛、平潭岛、三都岛进行重点保护,并结合实际情况针对各岛屿功能定位制定保护和开发利用方案。本研究可以为多层次的多样性评价指标应用于岛屿植物多样性评估以及群落构建机制分析提供参考,也可以为岛屿生物多样性保护策略的制定提供理论依据。  相似文献   

寄生性病原血卵涡鞭虫(Hematodinium sp.)感染山东半岛养殖梭子蟹的初步研究     

李才文  宋书群  刘云  王金凤  肖洁 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(4):776-782

寄生性病原血卵涡鞭虫(Hematodinium sp.)逐渐成为危害我国沿海养殖三疣梭子蟹、锯缘青蟹、脊尾白对虾等蟹虾类的致病性病原。为研究血卵涡鞭虫在我国北方的感染、流行情况,2012年7—11月间,作者从山东半岛三疣梭子蟹的主要养殖区域和邻近海域随机采集梭子蟹样品,进行了血淋巴、组织病理、电镜和分子生物学检测,首次在从胶南和莱州湾养殖区采集的梭子蟹中发现了血卵涡鞭虫感染。在感染血卵涡鞭虫的梭子蟹血淋巴中,共发现了该寄生性病原的四个生活史阶段:丝状滋养体、单细胞滋养体、滋养体聚合体和多核孢子体;该区域发现的血卵涡鞭虫(Hematodinium sp.)形态上与其他报道Hematodinium spp.类似,与在我国东南沿海报道发现的血卵涡鞭虫有亲密的遗传关系;人工感染实验表明该寄生性虫具感染性并对宿主的主要器官造成显著的病理变化。该研究表明血卵涡鞭虫感染养殖蟹类不仅局限于我国东南沿海,在我国北方的养殖蟹类中也存在;这些养殖区普遍采用的混合养殖模式可能一定程度上加剧了该寄生性病原的传播、扩散,因此其传播扩散方式亟需进一步调查研究。  相似文献   

Phylogenomic analysis of transcriptomic sequences of mitochondria and chloroplasts of essential brown algae (Phaeophyceae) in China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

JIA Shangang  WANG Xumin  LI Tianyong  QIAN Hao  SUN Jing  WANG Liang  YU Jun  REN Lufeng  YIN Jinlong  LIU Tao  WU Shuangxiu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(2):94-101

The chloroplast and mitochondrion of brown algae （Class Phaeophyceae of Phylum Ochrophyta） may have originated from different endosymbiosis. In this study, we carried out phylogenomic analysis to distinguish their evolutionary lineages by using algal RNA-seq datasets of the 1 000 Plants （1KP） Project and publicly available complete genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts of Kingdom Chromista. We have found that there is a split between Class Phaeophyceae of Phylum Ochrophyta and the others （Phylum Cryptophyta and Haptophyta） in Kingdom Chromista, and identified more diversity in chloroplast genes than mitochondrial ones in their phylogenetic trees. Taxonomy resolution for Class Phaeophyceae showed that it was divided into Laminariales-Ectocarpales clade and Fucales clade, and phylogenetic positions of Kjellmaniella crassi-folia, Hizikia fusifrome and Ishige okamurai were confirmed. Our analysis provided the basic phylogenetic relationships of Chromista algae, and demonstrated their potential ability to study endosymbiotic events.  相似文献   

Origin and evolution of alginate-c5-mannuronan-epimerase gene based on transcriptomic analysis of brown algae     

WANG Ren  WANG Xumin  ZHANG Yalan  YU Jun  LIU Tao  CHEN Shengping  CHI Shan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(2):73-85

  相似文献   

裂殖壶菌OUC88 及10 个派生菌株18S rDNA 基因克隆和分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李清  臧晓南  张学成  宋晓金  杨青 《海洋科学》2014,38(1):71-78

用PCR方法从裂殖壶菌Schizochytrium limacinum OUC88及以其为出发菌株经紫外诱变筛选的10个菌株中扩增出18S rDNA基因序列(1751bp到1758bp)进行序列测定,以上序列已登录GenBank(HM042904-HM042914)并与已登录的裂殖壶菌属5条18S rDNA序列比对分析。结果表明,S.limacinum OUC88以及10个派生菌株间18S rDNA的遗传距离是0.000~0.013,与Schizochytrium sp.FJU-512 18S rDNA(GenBank No.AY758384)的同源性最高,为98%~99%;与S.limacinum(GenBank No.AB022107)的同源性为96%;与同属异种S.mangrovei(GenBank No.DQ100293)只有93%的同源性。并运用序列比对分析和MEGA4.0系统进化树,结果显示种内诱变产生的细微变异小于同属内不同物种之间的变异。本研究除了为裂殖壶菌这种重要的经济海洋真菌提供分子生物学资料以外,同时表明18S rDNA序列不仅在分子分类上是一个重要的标志,也可分析由突变引起的物种内细微的遗传变异。  相似文献   

Isolation and Characterization of Psychrophilic Algae in Boron Enriched Pond on Boron Deposit of Qinghai     

KONG Fanjing  ZHENG Mianping  KONG Weigang  ZHANG Xuefei 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):80-81

正1 Introduction Cold environments on the planet occur in the Antarctic,the Arctic and high mountains which cover with ice and snow permanently.Microorganism adapted to cold habitats has been detected,but most of them were prokaryotes.(Morgan-Kiss et al,2006;jungbut et al,2012).Research on cold-adapted microorganism has  相似文献   

Construction of Porphyra yezoensis Pure Line from Protoplasts and Its 18S rDNA Sequence Determination     

LIU Hongquan )  )  YU Wengong )  *  DAI Jixun )  GONG Qianhong )  SHI Xiaochong )  YANG Kunfeng ) ) Institute of Marine Drugs  Foods  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P..R.China ) College of Marine Life Sciences  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P..R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1)

1　Introduction　PorphyraisthemainobjectforalgafarmingandplaysaveryimportantroleinChinesemarineindus tries.Recently ,therehasbeenagreatlossinPor phyracultivationduetothedegenerationoftheculti var,sothereisanincreasingdemandforgoodPor phyracultivars .Theprerequisiteofthetraditionalbreed ingandbioengineeringresearchofPorphyraistheconstructionofpurelines .Traditionally ,theclassifi cationofPorphyrawasaccordingtotheirmorphologi calcharacteristics .However ,mostmorphologicalfea turesofPorphyraar…  相似文献   

Construction of Porphyra yezoensis Pure Line from Protoplasts and Its 18S rDNA Sequence Determination     

LIUHongquan YUWengong DAIJixun GONGQianhong SHIXiaochong YANGKunfeng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):60-64

The wild Porphyra yezoensis collected from the Qingdao coast was used to prepare protoplasts by enzyme digestion. The pure line was constructed by cultivating the protoplasts. The 18S rDNA of the P. yezoensis pure line was cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis was executed for this sequence and other 22 sequences retrieved from GenBank. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method. The results revealed a high diversity of 18S rDNA sequences in genus Porphyra and the considerable variation of 18S rDNA sequences in different strains of the same species P. yezoensis and P. tenera. Significant difference of 18S rDNA sequence was observed between P. yezoensis from Qingdao, China, and the two strains of P. yezoensis from Japan, but the three strains of P. yezoensis formed a stable clade in the phylogenetic tree. These results indicate the possibility of interspecies and intraspecies discrimination of Porphyra using the 18S rDNA sequences.  相似文献