Inversion of source mechanism of 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake by three-dimensional FEM Green's function     

曾海容  宋惠珍 《地震学报(英文版)》1999,12(3):249-256

IntroductionGrounddisplacementhasacloserelationshipwiththefaultandtheearthquakesourceparameters.IfwecanfindthisrelationshipandinvertthedeformationtOdaterminetheseparameters,wewillbeabletounderstandtheseismicsourceprocessmorecorrectly.Therelationshipisgenerallybasedonfaultmovementmodels.Sofar,therearetwomodels:dislocationandcrack.Dislocationmodelisnamedmovemefltmodelsinceitdoesnottakestness-releaseintoaccount.Basedonthelawofforce-dislocationequivalence,thedisplacementfieldproducedonaninfinite…  相似文献   

滨海附近地区GPS和断层形变与地震关系研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

薄万举  李延兴 《华北地震科学》1999,17(2):66-71

简要介绍了环勃海及华北部分地区跨断层形变资料的分析结果,同时介绍了１９９２年至１９９５年首都圈两期ＧＰＳ测量资料处理分析的初步结果。通过比较,二者所显示的地壳活动趋势存在性质上的差异,主要是因观测时段的不一致而引起;在同时段资料的对比分析中,因测点和断层空间分布差异的存在,有４４．８％的流动资料难以判定其与ＧＰＳ资料的一致性,但在可判定的３３项资料中,有８９％是一致的,证明二者从不同的侧面反映了近  相似文献   

考虑桩顶冠梁效应的水泥土挡墙变形计算方法   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

熊巨华  裴健勇  杨敏 《岩土力学》1999,20(1):84-86

以ｍ法为基础,建立了考虑桩顶冠梁效应的挡墙变形计算模型,给出了计算公式。工程实例表明：该方法预测挡墙变形是可行的。  相似文献   

南海西南海盆的岩石圈张裂模式探讨   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

姚伯初 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1999,19(2):37-48

南海西南海盆的西北边缘和东南边缘在地形地貌上不对称,在地质构造特征上东南边缘为上板块边缘,西北边缘为下板块边缘,它们为一对共轭边缘。新生代张性构造运动和海底扩张活动中,上地壳呈脆性,发生过脆性变形,产生了一系列倾斜正断裂及一系列断块,断块沿断层面转动,在地表出现一系列半地堑,在拉张应力的进一步作用下,上地壳沿断层面被拉开;下地壳呈塑性,发生塑性变形,最后以瓶颈方式被拉断。由此可见,在张性应力场作用下,岩石圈的变形方式是分层而异的：上地壳以简单剪切方式变形,下地壳以纯剪切方式变形。因此,整个岩石圈的变形方式是分层变形的  相似文献   

Dynamic Behaviour of a Caisson Quaywall Under Strong Earthquake     

LIU Hanlong  DAI Huichao  Susumu IAI Professor  Geotechnical Engineering Research Institute  Hohai University  Nanjing  China. Senior Engineer  China Yangtze Three Gorges Project Development Corporation  Yichang  China. Doctor  Port  Harbour Research Institute  Ministry of Transport  Nagase  Japan. 《中国海洋工程》1999,(1)

—Effective stress analysis is performed to evaluate the residual displacement of a caissonquaywall during 1994 Hokkaido-Toho-Oki Earthquake and 1993 Kushiro-Oki Earthquake.Theconstitutive model used in this study is a multiple shear mechanism type defined in strain space and cantake into account the effect of rotation of principal stress axis.The earthquake accelerations recorded atthe outcropping rock during the earthquake are used as input bedrock motion.The results of finite ele-ment analysis are in good agreement with the observed behaviour of the quaywall.The analysis also indi-cates that liquefaction and high excess pore water pressure have a significant effect on the deformation ofthe caisson.Soil improvement is speculated as the most reliable measures against liquefaction.The influ-ence of soil improvement and the reasonable improved area are discussed in the paper.  相似文献   

Deformation history of the ophiolite sequence from the Balagne Nappe,northern Corsica: insights in the tectonic evolution of Alpine Corsica     

M. Marroni  L. Pandolfi 《Geological Journal》2003,38(1):67-83

In Alpine Corsica, the Jurassic ophiolites represent remnants of oceanic lithosphere belonging to the Ligure‐Piemontese Basin located between the Europe/Corsica and Adria continental margins. In the Balagne area, a Jurassic ophiolitic sequence topped by a Late Jurassic–Late Cretaceous sedimentary cover crops out at the top of the nappe pile. The whole ophiolitic succession is affected by polyphase deformation developed under very low‐grade orogenic metamorphic conditions. The original palaeogeographic location and the emplacement mechanisms for the Balagne ophiolites are still a matter of debate and different interpretations for its history have been proposed. The deformation features of the Balagne ophiolites are outlined in order to provide constraints on their history in the framework of the geodynamic evolution of Alpine Corsica. The deformation history reconstructed for the Balagne Nappe includes five different deformation phases, from D1 to D5. The D1 phase was connected with the latest Cretaceous/Palaeocene accretion into the accretionary wedge related to an east‐dipping subduction zone followed by a Late Eocene D2 phase related to emplacement onto the Europe/Corsica continental margin. The subsequent D3 phase was characterized by sinistral strike‐slip faults and related deformations of Late Eocene–Early Oligocene age. The D4 and D5 phases were developed during the Early Oligocene–Late Miocene extensional processes connected with the collapse of the Alpine belt. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Experimental study on strain field evolution around a simulated thrust fault          下载免费PDF全文

Yonghong Zhao  Yanjun Xiao  Jiaying Yang  Xiaofan Li  Andong Xu 《地震科学（英文版）》2023,36(1):40-51

Earthquakes result from continuous geodynamic processes. A topic of significant interest for the scientific community is to elaborate on the phenomena governing the faulting and fracturing of crustal rocks. Therefore, in this study, uniaxial compressive shear failure experiments were conducted on Fangshan marble rock samples with a prefabricated slot to simulate thrust faulting. The center of each marble plate (105 mm × 80 mm × 5 mm) was engraved with a 30-mm long double-sided nonpenetrating slot (depth: 2 mm, width: 0.5 mm). The deformation and destruction processes of the rock surface were recorded using a high-speed camera. The digital image correlation method was used to calculate the displacement and strain distribution and variation at different loading stages. The accumulative and incremental displacement fields u and v , strain field e_x and e_y, and shear strain e_xy were analyzed. When the loading level reached its ultimate value, the strain field was concentrated around the prefabricated slot. The concentration reached a maximum at the ends of the prefabricated slot. The magnitude of shear strain reached 0.1. This experiment contributes to our understanding of the dynamic process of active faulting.  相似文献   

沙质岸坡上波浪传播变形及动力响应特性研究     

程永舟  郑余伟  李典麒  程海洋  徐立君 《海洋工程》2023,41(1):12-19

波浪作用对水库岸坡稳定性有重要影响。为了解波浪在岸坡地形中的传播演变机制和孔隙水压力响应特性,在波浪水槽末端铺设长6 m、坡度1∶16的斜坡沙床进行试验。通过改变入射波浪参数,测量斜坡段各处波面形态,采集斜坡段不同位置处孔隙水压力,分析了波浪在沙质岸坡上浅水变形区域内波面变化特征、波能演变规律以及岸坡土体孔压特征。结果表明：随着入射波浪厄塞尔数的增大,波浪浅水变形更加明显,波形不对称性加剧,各阶谐波之间互相作用更加强烈;水深较大区域,岸坡渗透作用大于浅水变形作用,波高呈现减小趋势;浅水变形剧烈区,浅水变形作用大于岸坡渗透作用,波高呈现增大趋势,最终破碎;孔压随入射波高与波周期的增大而增大,岸坡不同位置处孔压沿深度衰减速率和随波高增长速率均不同;岸坡孔压沿深度衰减速率与入射波周期呈现出正相关关系,与波高并无太大关系。  相似文献   

波浪作用下斜坡上单桩周围海床孔隙水压力响应特性试验研究     

郑余伟  程永舟  李典麒  黄筱云  吕行 《海洋通报》2023,(3):343-351

单桩基础周围斜坡海床中的波致孔隙水压力响应与纯斜坡海床存在较大差异。为了解不同波高、波周期条件下,单桩基础周围波浪传播变形及其对斜坡海床孔压振荡响应的影响,在波浪水槽末端铺设了长6 m、坡度1∶16的斜坡砂床进行试验。通过改变桩身位置和波浪参数,测量斜坡段各处波面形态,采集单桩周围孔隙水压力,分析了桩身位置及波浪参数对斜坡海床孔压响应的影响。结果表明：相同入射波条件下,随距坡脚水平距离增加,波高、近底流速和桩周孔隙水压力幅值都随之增大;桩周孔隙水压力幅值分布规律为：桩前孔压幅值明显大于桩侧与桩后孔压幅值。当Keulegan-Carpenter数大于6时,随着波高和波周期增大,马蹄涡产生的负压区使得桩侧海床孔隙水压力与纯斜坡海床孔隙水压力差值迅速增加。  相似文献   

青海门源MS6.9地震震前OLR异常与InSAR同震形变关联性分析     

祝杰  李婉秋  陶志刚  刘洋洋  马未宇 《中国地震》2023,39(4):857-867

对比分析利用涡度距平法提出的2022年1月8日青海门源 M_S6.9 地震震前射出长波辐射(OLR)短期异常分布和震后InSAR技术提取的门源地震同震形变空间分布,结果显示,震前红外辐射增强区与InSAR同震破裂形变区的空间位置基本吻合,扩展形式基本相似(同震破裂形变区分布在红外辐射异常区内部)。在震前的全国范围OLR空间分布上,仅青海德令哈—西宁—甘肃武威一带出现了呈“哑铃”状近WE向展布的OLR热辐射增强区,空间可辨识度高,OLR异常时空演化过程遵循了岩石应力加载破裂过程中的热异常规律,显示热异常变化与应力变化存在关联; InSAR技术提取的同震形变同样位于肃南—祁连断裂(俄堡段)、托莱山断裂和冷龙岭断裂的交汇区。InSAR同震形变结果揭示了地表形变以水平方向为主,断层运动具有典型的走滑变形特征。InSAR同震形变结果为红外遥感反映地震形变提供可检验的地质实体监测证据,验证了门源地震前辐射增强异常是地震构造地应力强度变化的遥感物理参量反映。  相似文献