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Xin LI 《世界地质(英文版)》2006,9(2)
In order to resolve the frost-heave problem of highway foundation, firstly, the author discussed the law to frost heave of highway roadbed and gave an analysis on its influencing factors, such as soil, water and temperature. Meanwhile, sand clay and silt are given a classification according to frost heave ratio. Secondly, the roadbed frozen damage shows to frost heave and froze boiling based on the frost heave law and its influencing factors. In addition, taking some highway as an example and some principle suggestion was given through the theory on providing frostbite methods for highway foundation frost heave in seasonal frozen area. Specially, an effective method, STYROFOAM extruded polystyrene foam was introduced. 相似文献
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塑料垃圾通过各种途径进入海洋,海洋塑料污染已成为全球性环境问题。本文系统总结了国内外塑料污染的研究历程与现状,发现直接或者间接来源的微塑料在环境中广泛积累,呈全球化分布趋势;重点探讨了我国微塑料的来源、分布以及污染形势和生态影响,发现我国微塑料污染形势严峻,覆盖范围广泛,甚至涉及食品安全领域。塑料的生物降解是受到高度关注的研究领域,本文通过对微塑料的生物降解途径的归纳,总结了塑料降解的过程、生物种类以及相关的降解酶等,以期为海洋微塑料污染的治理提供启示。目前微塑料污染已经引起世界各国的广泛关注,但对海洋环境中微塑料的鉴定以及污染物消除技术等研究极少,迫切需要开展相关研究工作。 相似文献
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罗氏沼虾活虾无水运输研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
基于日本对虾等甲壳类以无水方式活体运输有增加运销渠道及提供优质产品等优点,进行了3次罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)活虾无水运输模拟试验.运输容器为聚苯乙烯盒,填充物为浸水海绵及木屑.结果表明:以海绵作填充物的1 kg容量聚苯乙烯盒(分上下层,共20尾虾)试验结果显示,试验虾的存活率初眷远高于仲夏,初春高达91.7%,仲夏只有74%;在仲夏时,以6 kg容量的大盒(排列4层共80尾虾)试验结果显示,木屑组存活率(75.4%)高于海绵组(63.5%),但若在只有单层排列的小盒中(每盒各20尾),则海绵组存活率(74%)高于木屑组(68.7%),此结果与木屑及海绵的特性有关.本研究证实罗氏沼虾活虾无水运输确实可行. 相似文献
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In order to resolve the frost-heave problem of highway foundation,firstly,the author discussed the law to frost heave of highway roadbed and gave an analysis on its influencing factors,such as soil,water and temperature.Meanwhile,sand clay and silt are given a classification according to frost heave ratio.Secondly,the roadbed frozen damage shows to frost heave and froze boiling based on the frost heave law and its influencing factors.In addition,taking some highway as an example and some principle suggestion was given through the theory on providing frostbite methods for highway foundation frost heave in seasonal frozen area.Specially,an effective method,STYROFOAM extruded polystyrene foam was introduced. 相似文献
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Unconfined and triaxial compression tests were carried out to examine the behavior of light-weighted soils (LWS) consisting of expanded polystyrene (EPS), dredged soils, and cement with respect to initial water content. The stress-strain behavior of LWS are analyzed with varying initial water content and silt contents of dredged soils, cement ratio, and confined stress. As initial water contents increase, the compressibility index increases and the preconsolidation pressure was vice versa. As initial water contents increase, the slope of stress-strain curve in elastic zone increases and strain rate at failure decreases and the strain rate at failure was not changed by the being of foams. As initial water contents increase, a compressive strength of LWS decreases. The decrement ratio of compressive strength of LWS with foams increases as cement content increases and initial water contents decreases. The compressive strength increases as silt contents increases. 相似文献
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废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的综合利用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文介绍了废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料综合利用的一般原理,重点介绍了废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料用于生产涂料时,溶剂、改性剂的选择及有关的工艺过程和用途,并简要介绍了其它回收利用方法。 相似文献
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微塑料对水中甲基橙的吸附特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以甲基橙(MO)为目标污染物,微塑料为载体,通过吸附动力学和等温吸附实验,比较通用塑料聚丙烯(PP)、通用工程塑料尼龙(PA)、聚甲醛(POM)和特种工程塑料聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)4种典型材质吸附MO的能力,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积测试(BET)、显微拉曼光谱(Raman)、Zeta电位及傅立叶变换全反射衰减红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)技术手段对吸附前后PA进行表征,考察微塑料材质和PA粒径对MO吸附的影响,从而探究其可能存在的吸附机理。结果表明不同材质微塑料对MO的吸附能力具有明显差异性。其中,PA对MO的吸附量最大,可达7.39 mg/g,PA吸附MO的动力学过程包括起始的快速反应阶段和随后的慢速反应阶段,吸附过程符合二级动力学方程;等温吸附实验结果表明MO在PA上属于非均质化学吸附。静电作用及氢键的形成是造成不同材质微塑料吸附能力差异的主要原因,微塑料粒径大小与其对MO的吸附量呈显著负相关关系(R2=0.995, P<0.05),这与微塑料可提供的有效吸附位点息息相关。本研究可以为科学评价微塑料复杂的环境行为以及作为载体协同迁移污染物的能力提供依据。 相似文献
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