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211.
212.
塔里木河水资源利用的效益与生态损失 总被引:13,自引:17,他引:13
针对塔里木河流域水资源利用引起的下游水量减少,进而导致生态退化,分析了近30年该河源流区地表水引用和河流水量变化关系,用分摊法估算了水资源利用的直接效益和恢复下游地表径流的恢复费用。 相似文献
213.
根据对永城煤电集团供电系统中存在的主要谐波情况,翔实分析了其所造成的附加损耗和经济损失。针对永城煤电集团用电负荷造成的谐波现状及现有的固定LC滤波装置的特点,经综合分析最后确定选用TCR型静止动态无功补偿装置与两矿现有的LC滤波装置并联,组成TCR+FC结构。从技术、经济两方面看,具有重大意义。 相似文献
214.
In this paper, the response of a visco-elastic half-space subjected to moving loads with static and dynamic components is investigated. Four types of vehicle loads are considered, including the moving point load, uniformly distributed wheel load, elastically distributed wheel load, and a train load simulated as a sequence of elastically distributed wheel loads. In each case, the influence of the moving loads traveling in the subsonic, transonic and supersonic ranges on the dynamic responses of the half-space is studied. The parametric study conducted herein enables us to grasp insight into the mechanism of wave propagation for a visco-elastic half-space under moving loads. 相似文献
215.
M. I. Todorovska S. S. Ivanovi M. D. Trifunac 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2001,21(3):705
For transient, high frequency, and pulse like excitation of structures in the near field of strong earthquakes, the classical design approach based on relative response spectrum and mode superposition may not be conservative. For such excitations, it is more natural to use wave propagation methods. In this paper (Part I), we review several two-dimensional wave propagation models of buildings and show results for theoretical dispersion curves computed for these models. We also estimate the parameters of these models that would correspond to a seven-story reinforced concrete building in Van Nuys, California. Ambient vibration tests data for this building imply vertical shear wave velocity βz=112 m/s and anisotropy factor βx/βz=0.55 for NS vibrations, and βz=88 m/s and βx/βz=1 for EW vibrations. The velocity of shear waves propagating through the slabs is estimated to be about 2000 m/s. In the companion paper (Part II), we estimate phase velocities of vertically and horizontally propagating waves between seven pairs of recording points in the building using recorded response to four earthquakes. 相似文献
216.
SOURCE RADIATION AND RESPONSES OF WAVE PROPAGATION 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Recordings of seismic waves propagating from earthquake source to a station at the earth's surface are a system response function.The convolution operator in time domain can be simplified as a multiplication operator in frequency domain.We discuss in frequency domain the separation of source,path and site effects for global scaling of earthquake source radiation.Also discussed are source scaling model,faulting mechanism,and the H/V inversion problems with crustal and near surface structures.Gross features of apparent source spectra appear to be not much region-dependent although there may be difference between tectonic styles within a region of tectonic mixture for which we need further study as data accumulate.Vertical spectra may be a better approach to approximate source radiation,as it has less crustal amplification effects than horizontal spectra.The H/V ratio is evidently a comprehensive indicator of amplification effects from near surface to deep structure.This gives it potential as an inversion tool to deduce site crustal structure. 相似文献
217.
MEASUREMENTS AND MODEL SIMULATIONS OF SURFACE OZONE VARIATIONS AT DIFFERENT BACKGROUND CONCENTRATIONS OF THE PRECURSORS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ozone photochemical production and loss in very different environments at Waliguan baselinestation and Lin'an background station were simulated by using the measurement data and photo-chemical box model.The results show that net ozone photochemical production rate is negative,about 0.5 ppb/d,at Waliguan baseline sation,because of very low precursor concentrations.Butat Lin'an background station,the net photochemical ozone production is positive,about 2—3 ppb/h.which is very closed with the measurement at Lin'an.That means ozone production was con-trolled by photochemical reactions at Lin'an background station,because of the higher precursorconcentrations.The net destruction rate,at Waliguan Mt.,is not large,so that future increase inanthropogenic emission of reactive nitrogen will lead to larger production rates of steady-state O_3concentration. 相似文献
218.
Experimental studies and mesoscale modeling of atmospheric chemistry require a good knowledge of the sources of the atmospheric constituent, at a temporal scale of about one hour and at a spatial scale corresponding to the model grid. A combined remote sensing/modeling approach for the estimation of the diurnal distribution of the amount of biomass burning in Central African Republic (C.A.R.) savanna fires is proposed. The fire propagation model (BEHAVE) developed by Rothermel was adapted to the fuel characteristics encountered in C.A.R. Ground and airborne measurements with satellite images (NOAA/AVHRR) were used to predict an accurate estimate of the burnt biomass. This combination allows the calculation of the distribution of the number of fires during the day providing an evaluation of the instantaneous fluxes of the compounds emitted in the atmosphere by these fires. 相似文献
219.
该文综述了近年来应用浑沌动力学研究固化介质中裂纹的传播问题,描述了地震发生的动力学模拟,探讨了利用时间序列的相空间重构问题,最后对这些问题进行了简略的讨论。 相似文献
220.
1996年上半年全世界共发生6级以上地震58次,其中7级以上地震10次,成灾的地震10次,死亡人数总510人,伤约1.5万人,经济损失为83亿-100亿元人民币。其中我国境内灾害地震3次,死亡人数共计349人,伤约1.45万人,经济损失约78亿元人民币。我国因地震死亡的总人数约占全世界地震 相似文献