美洲鳗鲡(Anguilla rostrata)养殖尾水高效处理与水循环养殖技术研究与应用     

王行  江兴龙  王泽旭  刘勇 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(5):1498-1506

通过构建由组合三维电极移动床生物膜反应池、生物膜反应池、臭氧紫外线杀灭微生物池等组成的养殖尾水高效处理系统,应用于工厂化美洲鳗鲡(Anguillarostrata)养殖尾水的集约化高效净水处理,并对系统的排放水循环利用于美洲鳗鲡的精养殖。经140 d的试验应用,结果表明:该系统日平均处理养殖尾水3 000m³,水力停留时间(HRT)为6.2h,经系统处理后的出水总磷浓度为(0.140±0.020) mg/L、总氮浓度为(0.671±0.114) mg/L、氨氮浓度为(0.104±0.050) mg/L、高锰酸盐指数为(2.81±0.44)mg/L,pH为(6.22±0.18)。系统出水水质符合《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)的Ⅲ类水。系统出水循环利用于美洲鳗鲡精养殖(处理组)的平均单产55.5 kg/m3,较工厂化美洲鳗鲡养殖模式(对照组)提高52.5%;处理组的结束尾重、存活率、增重倍数和特定生长率分别高于对照组44.9%、5%、64.8%和37.5%,饲料系数低于对照组15.7%。该系统具有水处理效率高、出水水质稳定良好、成本低、节约水资源、环...  相似文献   

两种池塘养殖模式下异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)养成品质及脏器相关生理特征的差异     

李有志  戎华南  陈雨  申屠基康  王志铮 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(4):1217-1226

水产养殖动物的生存策略往往会因养殖模式的变更而发生改变,并导致其养成品体色、肌肉品质和脏器生理特征等均出现一定程度的差异。以池塘生态主养模式(M₁)和池塘生态套养模式(M₂)下养殖7个月的异育银鲫夏花苗种为研究对象,以体表色差、背肌物性、全鱼营养成分和排氨率、耗氧率、窒息点以及脏器消化酶和抗氧化酶活力为测定指标,较系统开展了两者间养成品质及脏器相关生理特征的差异研究。结果表明:(1)两者间在体表色差上具较好的区分度,其中M₂实验个体的体色更接近于池底背景色,具更好的拟境隐蔽性;(2)在所测7项背肌物性指标中,两者间具有显著差异的为硬度、弹性、胶黏性和耐咀性,且均呈M₁>M₂ (P<0.05);(3)全鱼一般营养成分中,除灰分和粗蛋白含量均呈M₁≈M₂ (P>0.05)外,水分和粗脂肪含量分别呈M₁>M₂ (P<0.05)和M₂>M  相似文献   

防城港核电厂温排水对海水养殖分布影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

《海洋技术学报》2023,(2)

为探究核电厂温排水对海水养殖的影响, 本文通过遥感监测和现场调查手段, 获取防城港核电厂附近海域的实际温升分布情况后, 统计分析了其运营前后温升0.5 ℃海域的养殖规模和附近海域水环境状况, 并分别从不同层面对其结果进行了讨论, 包括水环境变化对周边环境影响、温升变化对养殖种类和地区渔业发展的影响等, 提出了清除温排水负面热影响的建议措施。本文可为今后进一步研究滨海核电厂温排水影响范围与近岸海水产养殖区之间的关系提供参考依据。  相似文献   

Temperature and light tolerance of representative brown, green and red algae in tumble culture revealed by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

PANG Shaojun  SHAN Tifeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(4):137-146

Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, Ulva lactuca, Grateloupia turuturu and Palmaria palmata are suitable species that fit the requirements of a seaweed-animal integrated aquaculture system in terms of their viable biomass, rapid growth and promising nutrient uptake rates. In this investigation, the responses of the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield of the five algal species in tumble culture were assessed at a temperature range of 10 - 30℃. The results revealed that Ulva lactuca was the most resistant species to high temperature, withstanding 30℃ for 4 h without apparent decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield . While the arctic alga Palmaria palmata was the most vulnerable one, showing significant decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield at 25℃ for 2 h. The cold-water species Laminaria japonica, however, demonstrated strong ability to cope with higher temperature （24 -26℃ ） for shorter time （within 24 h） without significant decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield . Grateloupia turuturu showed a general decrease in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield with the rising temperature from 23 to 30℃ , similar to the temperate kelp Undaria pinnatifida. Changes of chlorophyll fluorescence yields of these algae were characterized differently indicating the existence of species-unique strategy to cope with high light. Measurements of the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield after short exposure to direct solar irradiance revealed how long these exposures could be without significant photoinhibition or with promising recovery in photosynthetic activities. Seasonal pattern of alternation of algal species in tank culture in the Northern Hemisphere at the latitude of 36°N was proposed according to these basic measurements.  相似文献   

柘林湾近岸水产养殖区水域叶绿素a浓度反演     

潘翠红  夏丽华  吴志峰  王猛  解学通  王芳 《热带海洋学报》2021,40(1):142-153

海水养殖已成为近海水体环境的重要污染源, 叶绿素a作为水体浮游植物生物量的一个重要参数, 是水质评价的重要指标。本文以广东省柘林湾为研究区域, 采用2018年9月4日的哨兵2号(Sentinel-2)影像与海水养殖区水体中实测的叶绿素a浓度数据构建了叶绿素a浓度的单波段模型、比值模型、三波段模型与归一化叶绿素a指数模型(Normalized Difference Chlorophyll Index, NDCI)等估算模型; 通过对比评价, 以反演精度高的模型估算了2018年多个月份的叶绿素a浓度, 并分析其分布特征。结果显示: 1) NDCI模型的反演精度明显高于其他模型, 其可决系数R²为0.8, 均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error, RMSE)为9.7, 平均绝对百分比误差(Mean Absolute Percentage Error, MAPE)为0.99; 利用实测数据对NDCI模型的时间适用性进行检验, 表明NDCI模型能有效地估算出叶绿素a浓度的空间分布特征。2) 叶绿素a浓度呈现出从近岸向湾外逐步降低的趋势, 养殖区中叶绿素a浓度的总体趋势为池塘养殖区>滩涂插养区>网箱养殖区>浮筏养殖区; 受到水体交换、降雨及养殖活动的影响, 池塘养殖区中的叶绿素a浓度在投放幼苗期的2月最低, 其变化趋势为2月<4月<6月<12月。本文的研究结果可为相关部门对柘林湾养殖水体的环境监测提供参考。  相似文献   

Can co-management emerge spontaneously? Collaborative management in Sri Lankan shrimp aquaculture     

《Marine Policy》2015

Shrimp aquaculture in northwestern Sri Lanka shows co-management like features. To understand the reasons behind co-management and to identify the mechanisms by which co-management is carried out, the paper examines shrimp aquaculture operations in three coastal communities using a case study approach. Water from an interconnected lagoon system is the key input for shrimp ponds, but it is also the potential source of shrimp disease outbreaks that threaten all shrimp farms. Farmers try to prevent the spread of disease by co-operating to adjust the timing of water intake and wastewater release. This is done through a zonal crop calendar system which is developed and implemented by a vertically integrated institutional structure with three levels: sub-zonal/community, zonal, and national. Partnerships, overall sharing of power and authority, and learning-by-doing are key features of this collaborative management system. The case shows that adaptive co-management can develop through collaborative problem-solving over time, even in the absence of legal arrangements.  相似文献   

一株嗜碱兼性好氧反硝化菌Marinobacter sp.B3的分离鉴定及脱氮性能研究     

滕峪  汪鲁  王占英  崔正国  曲克明  公伟曼  刘书凯  崔鸿武 《海洋与湖沼》2024,55(2):419-430

为获得反硝化脱氮效率较好的菌株,实验从海水螺旋藻培养体系中分离获得一株嗜碱兼性好氧反硝化菌, 通过观察细菌形态以及16S rRNA基因序列的同源性分析, 鉴定该菌株为海杆菌属, 命名为Marinobacter sp. B3。为明确该海杆菌的反硝化性能及氮转化途径, 研究开展了溶解氧(DO), 碳氮摩尔比(C/N), pH和温度等不同单因素对反硝化性能影响实验和氮平衡实验。单因素影响实验结果表明, 当硝酸钾(KNO₃)作为唯一氮源, NO₃^--N的初始浓度为100 mg/L, 盐度32, 振荡速度为150 r/min (初始DO质量浓度是5.6 mg/L), C/N=10, pH=8.0±0.2, 温度为35 °C时, 可获得最大脱氮效果。氮平衡实验结果得出, 在好氧环境下, 有20.11%的NO₃^--N转化为胞内氮, 5.58 mg/L的NO₃^--N转化为其他形态(NO₂^--N、NO₄⁺-N和有机氮), 74.72%转化为N₂释放; 厌氧环境下, 有26.65%的NO₃^--N转化为胞内氮, 72.86%的NO₃^--N转化为气态产物释放。最终实验结果表明, Marinobactersp. B3在好氧和厌氧条件下, 48 h对NO₃^--N的去除率分别为99.89%和93.80%, 具有较好的反硝化脱氮能力, 且在好氧条件下NO₃^--N去除效率更高, 在海水工厂化循环水养殖尾水处理方面具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

Use of underwater playback to reduce the impact of eiders on mussel farms   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ross  B. P.; Lien  J.; Furness  R. W. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2001,58(2):517-524

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Is there a relationship between fisheries and farming? Interdependence of fisheries,animal production and aquaculture     

Dadi Kristofersson  James L. Anderson   《Marine Policy》2006,30(6):721-725

Fishmeal is a critically important feed ingredient for use in animal (e.g., poultry and pigs) and aquaculture production (e.g., salmon, trout and shrimp). There is great concern that increasing demand for fishmeal will place stress on the world's pelagic fisheries and may undermine the sustainability of aquaculture systems. Our research shows that after 1998 the fishmeal sector changed. The change has increased costs for animal and fish producers, which seems to have acted as a stimulus for innovation. The results have considerable implications for the management and health of pelagic fisheries.  相似文献   

Lectins of the innate immune system and their relevance to fish health   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ewart  K. V.; Johnson  S. C.; Ross  N. W. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2001,58(2):380-385

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