A variationally consistent hyperstatic reaction method for tunnel lining design     

Hoang-Giang Bui  Jelena Nini&#x;  Ngoc-Anh Do  Daniel Dias  Günther Meschke 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2022,46(1):205-217

In this technical note, a consistent finite element formulation of the Hyperstatic Reaction Method (HRM) for tunnel linings design is proposed by introducing a variational consistently linearized formulation. It permits to consider a nonlinear interaction between a lining structure and the surrounding ground. Recent advances of the HRM in regard to the consideration of the nonlinear response of the segmented tunnel lining exposed to design loads use an iterative algorithm for solving the nonlinear system of equations. In the proposed Variationally consistent Hyperstatic Reaction Method (VHRM), a distributed nonlinear spring model representing the interaction between the lining and the ground soils is considered in a variationally consistent format. Computing the tangential spring stiffness via consistent linearization, and using Newton-Raphson iteration, requires significantly smaller number of iterations as compared to the original HRM model based on nodal springs. Furthermore, the method is applicable for simulations using solid finite elements (2D and 3D), as well as beam or finite shell elements, respectively.  相似文献   

近平衡状态海水中方解石和文石沉淀速率及动力学研究          下载免费PDF全文

陶小晚  蒲晓强 《海洋科学》2011,35(2):64-71

利用"freedrift"开放反应系统,研究人工海水中近沉淀平衡状态时二氧化碳分压(p(CO2))的变化对方解石、文石沉淀速率及其动力学方程的影响.反应在恒定的温度(25.0℃±0.2℃)、p(CO2)环境下进行,通过实验得到了不同p(CO2)环境下,方解石和丈石的沉淀速率及动力学方程.研究发现:(1)晶体类型和碳酸盐...  相似文献   

氧气反应模式-电感耦合等离子体串联质谱法测定土壤中的镉     

赵志飞  任小荣  李策  郭朝  宋娟娥  龚华 《岩矿测试》2021,(1):95-102

应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)分析土壤中的镉元素时,锆的氢氧化物、钼的氧化物、锡的同位素会对镉造成严重的干扰,导致准确测定土壤中镉的难度较大.本文采用电感耦合等离子体串接质谱法(ICP-MS/MS),选取无同质异位素干扰的111 Cd为分析谱线,在MS/MS模式下碰撞反应池中通入的氧气可以与94Zr16O1...  相似文献