冲刷漏斗纵剖面形态数值模拟技术研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

冯小香  张小峰  韦直林  李建兵 《水科学进展》2008,19(1):19-26

提出σ坐标系垂向分层的优化方法,较好地解决了传统σ坐标变换用于底孔泄流数值模拟时存在网格边界变化的问题;采用一维水流模型为立面二维模型提供自由水面边界,即"动刚盖法"确定自由表面;根据坝前趋孔水流的流动特性和水下纵坡稳定性受力分析,分别导出σ坐标系下床面泥沙边界条件和底孔泄流初期河床滑塌的判别式。在此基础上建立底孔泄流条件下立面二维水流泥沙数学模型,并将之应用于有刚性护坦条件下冲刷漏斗形成的数值模拟。模拟结果表明,漏斗冲刷平段长度、漏斗纵坡等数值试验结果与水槽试验基本一致,验证了模型的合理性和可靠性。  相似文献   

矩形沟埋涵洞顶部垂直土压力试验和理论研究     

李永刚  张善元 《岩土力学》2008,29(4):1081-1086

针对无黏性填土,通过模型试验和理论分析的方法研究矩形沟埋刚性涵洞顶部的垂直土压力。考虑胸腔土体的作用,建立了沟埋涵洞土压力的计算模型和计算公式,结果表明,计算值与试验值相吻合。沟槽宽度等于涵洞外径时,洞顶土压力系数随填土高度的增大呈单调减小的变化规律;沟槽宽度大于涵洞外径时,洞顶土压力系数随填土高度的增大呈先增后减的变化规律;洞顶填土厚度等于初始等沉面高度时,土压力系数最大。槽洞宽比加大时,土压力系数、等沉面高度按双曲线规律增大,7倍洞径的沟槽宽度近似为沟埋式涵洞和上埋式涵洞的临界槽宽。填土内摩角增大时,土压力系数增大。洞顶填土厚度增大,等沉面高度减小。  相似文献   

一种改进的Delaunay-三角网内插方法     

汪燕麟  黄现民 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(5)

GIS领域经过多年的研究和发展,一些与DEM相关的基本算法如Delaunay-三角网创建算法、矩形格网跟踪等高线算法等已逐渐趋向成熟。然而伴随技术的发展,用户对相关算法和软件的要求也不断提高,从而产生了一些问题。本文主要针对DEM处理过程中常见的问题,结合项目实践,研究分析目前常规处理算法的特点和缺点,提出新的改进方法。通过若干重大项目实际生产实践验证,优化后的算法在结果的正确性、稳定性上均有较大提升,同时,提高了作业效率,与传统方法相比具有较大优势。  相似文献   

Reproduction of temporal scaling by a rectangular pulses rainfall model     

Jonas Olsson  Paolo Burlando 《水文研究》2002,16(3):611-630

The presence of scaling statistical properties in temporal rainfall has been well established in many empirical investigations during the latest decade. These properties have more and more come to be regarded as a fundamental feature of the rainfall process. How to best use the scaling properties for applied modelling remains to be assessed, however, particularly in the case of continuous rainfall time‐series. One therefore is forced to use conventional time‐series modelling, e.g. based on point process theory, which does not explicitly take scaling into account. In light of this, there is a need to investigate the degree to which point‐process models are able to ‘unintentionally’ reproduce the empirical scaling properties. In the present study, four 25‐year series of 20‐min rainfall intensities observed in Arno River basin, Italy, were investigated. A Neyman–Scott rectangular pulses (NSRP) model was fitted to these series, so enabling the generation of synthetic time‐series suitable for investigation. A multifractal scaling behaviour was found to characterize the raw data within a range of time‐scales between approximately 20 min and 1 week. The main features of this behaviour were surprisingly well reproduced in the simulated data, although some differences were observed, particularly at small scales below the typical duration of a rain cell. This suggests the possibility of a combined use of the NSRP model and a scaling approach, in order to extend the NSRP range of applicability for simulation purposes. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于ACCESS VBA的坐标转换程序设计     

李子轩  宫雨生  殷和健  高松涛  张雪恒 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(7)

随着空间定位技术的普及,不同空间直角坐标系间的转换过程中经常遇到问题不易被解决。本文首先介绍了不同空间直角坐标系间转换时广泛使用的布尔沙转换模型并阐述了七参数求解的过程,然后结合ACCESS中的表、窗体和宏,利用VBA实现了基于布尔沙转换模型的七参数计算程序,并结合实例对所编写的程序加以验证,保证其结果的可靠性。  相似文献   

大型网络拓扑的动态注记研究     

樊文有  王玲玲  包晓虎  沈越驹  兰继雄 《地理信息世界》2016,(4):14-19

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双淹没矩形体的透反射特性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘鹏飞  游亚戈  胡城 《海洋学报》2007,29(1):133-138

采用解析方法研究了斜向入射波作用下双淹没矩形体的透反射系数特性.首先利用特征函数展开法导出了绕射势函数的分析解并进一步得到透反射系数的计算公式,然后利用边界元方法验证了解析解.与单个的淹没矩形体相比,双淹没矩形体在一定范围内有较高的反射系数.最后利用解析解分析了若干工况下的双淹没矩形体的透反射特性,给出了影响透反射系数的几何因素.  相似文献   

Diffraction of oblique waves by thick rectangular barriers     

Muhittin Sylemez   mer Gren 《Applied Ocean Research》2003,25(6):306-353

A complete analytical solution is presented for the linear diffraction of oblique waves by horizontal rectangular cylinders either fixed at the free surface or mounted on the sea bed in a finite-depth of water. Helmholtz equation is employed as the governing differential equation obtained by reducing the 3-D oblique wave scattering problem to a 2-D case. According to the method proposed, the fluid region is divided into three sub-regions in which the governing differential equation is solved by the separation of variables. The solutions for each region are then matched on the common boundaries of sub-regions to determine the unknowns of the eigen series expansions and Fourier series. Thus transmitted and reflected waves are obtained in the far-field, and forces and moments acting on the rectangular cylinder fixed at the free surface are also given. Comparisons are made in order to check the accuracy of the method.  相似文献   

400 Hz矩形波连续音对鲤、草鱼音响驯化的试验研究     

姜昭阳  张国胜  梁振林 《海洋湖沼通报》2007,(Z1)

音响驯化技术被广泛应用于海洋牧场及淡水水域对鱼类行为的控制,但在采用何种频率和波形声音方面的研究积累尚少。试验室条件下,利用400 Hz矩形波连续音对鲤、草鱼进行了音响驯化试验。结果表明,鲤、草鱼的反应时间和聚集时间均逐日减少。平均反应时间分别为25.4 s和34.6 s,平均聚集时间分别为48.9 s和56.9 s;聚集率则逐日增加.驯化5 d后,鲤、草鱼的聚集率均达到100%,平均聚集率分别为89.7%和94.1%。由此可见.400 Hz矩形波连续音对鲤、草鱼均有明显的驯化作用。  相似文献   

Analyses on gravity variation before and after the Lijiang earthquake based on a finite rectangular dislocation model     

燕乃玲  李辉  申重阳 《地震学报(英文版)》2003,16(2):185-194

The methods were discussed to calculate the gravity variation due to crustal deformation based on a model of dis-location on a finite rectangular plane.Taking the Lijiang Ms=7.0 earthquake as an example the calculating princi-ple of fault parameters were determined,and the results were given.Of particular interests were the characteristics of the gravity variations in different dislocation types.With comparison between the calculated results and the practical measurements,it was found that the model could to some extent account for the observations.But it failed to give explanations to the more far spatial gravity variation.  相似文献