一种城市地震动区划方法     

李燕杰  丁海平  杨朝辉 《世界地震工程》2011,27(3)

文中从场地划分入手,提出了一种城市地震动参数区划方法新思路:即首先利用专业软件Surfer和ArcGis对区域内的钻孔资料进行处理,构建包含土层厚度、波速分布和建筑场地分类等信息的三维地下模型,并对地表进行场地分区和网格划分。然后在每一场地分区内,选取若干个典型钻孔,进行一维土层地震响应分析,计算结果代表该类场地的地震反应,再根据区域内所有离散点(网格点)的信息,即可获得整个计算区域的地表地震反应结果,进而得到整个区域的地震动参数区划,以及不同加速度峰值的等值线。这一方法可用于计算不同强度地震输入下,区域内地震动的分布,其结果可用于城市震害预测,特别是震后快速评估。  相似文献   

半封闭港池取水前后泥沙回淤预测研究     

桑恒春  张学庆 《海岸工程》2011,30(3):11-17

运用泥沙冲淤的二维数值模拟和半理论半经验公式,分别计算取水前后半封闭港池泥沙回淤分布和回淤量的变化。数值模拟计算得出取水前港池泥沙回淤分布较均匀,取水后港池各部区域随其水流流态而有不同的回淤率;经验公式计算表明取水后港池回淤率增加6 mm/a,取水回淤贡献率为14%。  相似文献   

一次冷涡背景下强对流不稳定条件的成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李云静  张建春  王捷纯  方纯纯 《气象》2013,39(2):210-217

利用常规观测资料及NCEP再分析资料,在分析环流背景、探空资料的基础上,通过选取不同的高度和温度,对比研究四种CAPE以及CAPE场与地面要素场的关系,对发生在辽宁沈阳的一次冷涡背景下的强对流天气进行不稳定条件成因分析.结果表明,水汽潜热是不稳定能量的主要组成部分,冷涡背景下低层暖湿平流、高层冷干平流有利于不稳定能量的累积,从而导致强对流天气的发生;对流温度CAPE可以反映午后发生强对流所必需的不稳定能量,对强对流天气预报具有一定指示意义.  相似文献   

Approximate general solution of 2-degrees of freedom dynamical systems using `les solutions precieuses'     

C.L. Goudas  K.E. Papadakis  E. Valaris 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,286(3-4):461-486

This paper presents the procedure of a computational scheme leading to approximate general solution of the axi-symmetric,2-degrees of freedom dynamical systems. Also the results of application of this scheme in two such systems of the non-linear double oscillator with third and fifth order potentials in position variables. Their approximate general solution is constructed by computing a dense set of families of periodic solutions and their presentation is made through plots of initial conditions. The accuracy of the approximate general solution is defined by two error parameters, one giving a measure of the accuracy of the integration and calculation of periodic solutions procedure, and the second the density in the initial conditions space of the periodic solutions calculated. Due to the need to compute families of periodic solutions of large periods the numerical integrations were carried out using the eighth order, variable step, R-K algorithm, which secured for almost all results presented here conservation of the energy constant between 10^-9 and 10^-12 for single runs of any and all solutions. The accuracy of the approximate general solution is controlled by increasing the number of family curves and also by `zooming' into parts of the space of initial conditions. All families of periodic solutions were checked for their stability. The computation of such families within areas of `deterministic chaos' did not encounter any difficulty other than poorer precision. Furthermore, on the basis of the stability study of the computed families, the boundaries of areas of `order' and `chaos' were approximately defined. On the basis of these results it is concluded that investigations in thePoincaré sections have to disclose 3 distinct types of areas of `order' and 2 distinct types of areas of `chaos'. Verification of the `order'/`chaos' boundary calculation was made by working out several Poincaré surfaces of sections. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

一种后现代的叙事模式——东西小说叙事策略探微     

李赣 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(2):85-91

东西的小说创作．尤其是20世纪90年代中期以后的相当一部分作品，在主题思想和叙述策略上均具有鲜明的后现代倾向，足以形成其独特的艺术方式，以后现代主义文学与叙事学的相关理论，从东西小说创作的叙事手法和叙述语言等方面出发，试图对东西小说独特的叙事艺术予以解读。  相似文献   

Numerical Investigation of the Galactic Problem by Computing Families of Periodic Solutions     

C. L. Goudas  K. E. Papadakis  G. A. Katsiaris 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,301(1-4):97-116

The galactic dynamical system expressed by a third-order axisymmetric polynomial potential is investigated numerically by computing periodic solutions. We define as Sthe compact set of initial conditions generating bounded motions, and as S ^p , with S ^p ? S, the countable set of all initial conditions generating periodic solutions. Then, we consider the subsets S _s ^p and S _a ^p of S ^p , where S _s ^p ∪ S _a ^p = S ^p , S _s ^p S _a ^p = Ø, the first of which corresponds to symmetric periodic solutions, and the second to asymmetric solutions. Then, we approximate the set S _s ^p , leaving treatment of the set S _a ^p of asymmetric solutions for a future publication. The set S _s ^p is known to be dense in S (‘Last Geometric Theorem of Poincar;’, Birkhoff, 1913). Using a computer programme capable to locate all elements of the set S _s ^p that generate symmetric periodic solutions that re-enter after intersecting the axis of symmetry from 1 to ntimes. The results of the approximation of S _s ^p in the total domain and in the sample sub-domains of zooming, we present in graphical form as family curves in the (x, C) plane. The solutions located with the largest periods re-enter after 440 galaxy revolutions while the families calculated fully (initial conditions, period, energy, stability co-efficient) include solutions that re-enter after 340 galaxy revolutions. To advance further the approximation of the set S _s ^p thus obtained, we applied the same procedure inside eight sub-domains of the domain Sinto which we ‘zoomed’ through selection of finer search steps and double maximum periods. The family curves thus calculated presented in the (x, C) plane do not intersect anywhere in some sub-domains and their pattern resembles that of laminar flow. In other sub-domains, however, we found family curves from which branching families emanate. The concepts of completeand non-completeapproximation of S _s ^p in sub-domains of laminar and sub-domains with branching family curves, respectively, is introduced. Also, the concept of basic family of order1, 2, ..., n, are defined. The morphology of individual periodic solutions of all families is investigated, and the types of envelopes found are described. The approximate set S _s ^p was also checked by computing Poincar; sections for energy values corresponding to the mean energy range of the eight sub-domains of zooming mentioned above. These sections show that most parts of the compact domain in Sgenerating non-periodic but bounded solutions correspond to with well-shaped tori that intersect the x-axis, a fact that implies that dominant to exclusive type of periodic solutions are the symmetric ones with two normal crossings of this axis. The presence of non-symmetric periodic solutions as well as of chaotic regions is encountered. All calculations reported here were performed using the variable step R-K 8th-order direct integration and setting the allowable energy variation Δ C= |C _start? C _end| < 10^?13. The output, consisting of many thousands of families and their properties (initial conditions, morphology, stability, etc.), is stored in a directory entitled ‘Atlas of the Symmetric Periodic Solution of the Galactic Motion Problem’.  相似文献   

Racial/ethnic,area socioeconomic,and geographic disparities of cervical cancer survival in Texas     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

A better understanding about the factors associated with cervical cancer survival disparities is an important step in developing more effective cervical cancer intervention strategies. This study investigates cervical cancer survival disparities from three different perspectives based on data from the Texas Cancer Registry from 1995 to 2005. These perspectives are race/ethnicity, area socioeconomic status (SES), and geographic locations. We examined the role of both individual- and contextual-level factors in cervical cancer survival disparities using a multilevel survival analysis. Individual-level factors included race/ethnicity, age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, tumor grade, stage at diagnosis, and type of treatment received. Contextual-level factors are census-tract-level variables, including demographic characteristics, health insurance expenditure, behavioral factors, extent of urbanization, and spatial access to primary care physicians. This study reveals that African-Americans had a higher mortality risk (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03–1.38) especially if stage was unknown (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.08–2.75) compared with non-Hispanic whites. Among women diagnosed at regional or distant stage, Hispanics had a survival advantage over their non-Hispanic white counterparts (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69–0.94). We also identified geographic areas where longer-than-expected or shorter-than-expected cervical cancer survival was statistically significant. Only a small portion of these disparities were explained by individual- and contextual-level factors. This study suggests that Race/Ethnicity, SES, and geography are associated with cervical cancer survival in Texas.  相似文献   

Trend and change-point analyses of streamflow and sediment discharge in the Yellow River during 1950–2005     

Peng Gao  Xunchang Zhang  Fei Wang  Rui Li  Xiaoping Zhang 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(2):275-285

Abstract

The objectives of this work are: (a) to statistically test and quantify the decreasing trends of streamflow and sediment discharge of the Yellow River in China during 1950–2005, (b) to identify change points or transition years of the decreasing trends, and (c) to diagnose whether the decreasing trends were caused by precipitation changes or human intervention, or both. The results show that significant decreasing trends in annual streamflow and sediment discharge have existed since the late 1950s at three stations located in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River (P?=?0.01). Change-point analyses further revealed that transition years existed and that rapid decline in streamflow and sediment discharge began in 1985 in most parts of the basin (P?=?0.05). Adoption of conservation measures in the 1980s and 1990s corroborates the identified transition years. Double-mass curves of precipitation vs streamflow (sediment) for the periods before and after the transition years show remarkable decreases in proportionality of streamflow (sediment) generation. All percentiles of streamflow and sediment discharge after the transition years showed rapid reduction. In the absence of significantly decreasing precipitation trends, it is concluded that the decreasing trends were very likely caused by human intervention. Relative to the period before the transition, human intervention during 1985–2005 reduced cumulative streamflow by 13.5, 14.3 and 24.6% and cumulative sediment discharge by 29.0, 24.8 and 26.5%, at Toudaoguai, Huayuankou and Lijin, respectively, showing the quantitative conservation effect in the basin.

Citation Gao, P., Zhang, X.-C., Mu, X.-M., Wang, F., Li, R. & Zhang, X. (2010) Trend and change-point analyses of streamflow and sediment discharge in the Yellow River during 1950–2005. Hydrol. Sci. J. 55(2), 275–285.  相似文献   

兰州九州开发区不稳定斜坡勘查治理分析——以106队兰州基地东侧不稳定斜坡为例     

毛歆燕  侯军林 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(2):39-42,59

甘肃有色地勘局106队部东侧的不稳定斜坡位于兰州市九州开发区黄河北岸、罗锅沟左岸沟谷斜坡地带。勘查查明,不稳定斜坡中下部及坡脚地带为古近系砂质泥岩,斜坡中上部和坡顶为第四系全新统人工堆积物;其形成原因与地形地貌、地质构造、工程地质特征、降雨、地下水、人类工程活动等有关。根据定性分析和定量计算,认为勘查区斜坡现状处于不稳定状态,其失稳产生崩塌、滑坡的可能性大,最危险滑裂面位于填土和基岩的接触面;拟建工程建设遭受其危害的可能性及危险性中等。建议在治理斜坡时,坡脚挡土墙工程选用浅基础型式,跨越浅沟段(15m)可采用桩基础形式,以砂质泥岩作为基础持力层,并严格防止地表水渗入砂质泥岩地基。为区内不稳定斜坡的治理,防灾减灾提供了依据。  相似文献   

三峡库区望霞危岩体变形破坏过程的综合监测与险情预报     

乐琪浪  蔡玲玲  王洪德  高幼龙  金枭豪  张仲林 《现代地质》2014,(5)

三峡库区巫山县望霞危岩体于2010年及2011年两次发生大面积变形破坏,采用全站仪、裂缝位移、GPS等方法对危岩体进行了长期的变形监测,并通过地质基础的调查、监测方案的设计、监测数据的处理、宏观现象的分析,两次成功地对危岩体的垮塌变形实现了预警预报,避免了重大伤亡。研究结果显示,危岩体具有渐变和突变两种类型,在不同的变形阶段应采用相应的监测方法和监测频率,应以地质调查为基础,以监测危岩体关键部位为原则,监测数据的分析要密切结合宏观现象,从后缘、崖壁、崖底全面把握危岩体变形趋势。提出危岩体的监测应做到"详调查、细部署、观现象、握趋势、准预报"5原则,即"望霞经验"。"望霞经验"可以为危岩体的监测工作提供参考。  相似文献