中国不同气候区多源遥感降水融合与性能综合评估     

李艳忠  庄稼成  白鹏  曾燕  星寅聪  杨泽龙 《地理研究》2022,41(12):3335-3351

遥感降水产品种类繁多,单一遥感降水产品难以满足所有气候区的降水估算。多源遥感降水融合方法可弥补这一缺陷,进而提高降水估算精度。本研究选择四种全球典型遥感降水产品（CHIRPS v2.0、CMORPH v1.0、PERSIANN-CDR、TRMM 3B42V7）,利用集成模型输出统计（EMOS）进行数据融合,并与均值（MME）对比分析,阐明遥感降水产品和EMOS,在不同气候区的基本统计性能（BIAS、RMSE、r和KGE）、等级性能（POD）和水文性能（NSE）。结果发现：① 四种遥感降水产品均能捕获多年降水的空间分布格局,但EMOS改进了遥感降水产品整体低估现象。相对于MME,EMOS显著地（P<0.05）减小了4个气候区的BIAS,减小全国降水BIAS和RMSE分别为36.9%和10.2%。全国尺度而言,EMOS提高r和KGE分别为18.2%和71.4%。② PERSIANN-CDR中寒旱区微量降雨的POD高于其他三种产品,但是对大雨的POD低于其他产品。EMOS对微量降雨POD的提高出现在干旱区和青藏高原,对中雨POD则在过渡区和湿润区,而对小雨则适用于全国各气候区。③ TRMM 3B42V7的径流模拟能力优于其他三种遥感降水产品,表现最差的为CHIRPS v2.0产品。相对MME而言,除过渡区外,EMOS均提高了其他气候区的水文模拟性能,且在青藏高原、干旱区和湿润区的NSE分别提高26.3%、8.5%和2.2%。研究结果不仅为遥感降水产品在不同气候区数据源的选择提供参考依据,而且为多源遥感降水数据的融合和应用开拓了新思路。  相似文献   

Multifractal filtering method for extraction of ocean eddies from remotely sensed imagery   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

GE Yong  DU Yunyan  CHENG Qiuming  LI Ce 《海洋学报(英文版)》2006,25(5):27-38

1 IntroductionCurrently, the ocean eddy plays an important rolein energy flowand matter exchange in ocean. The ex-traction and analysisof the oceaneddave beeninves-tigated bylots of people in pastdecades. Currentmeth-ods to deal with the ocean eddy include static and dy-namic methods. The static method is to analyze indi-rectly ocean eddies using the spatial feature distribu-tion, change, growthand decline of the watermass (Suet al., 1996; Guo et al., 1995; Guo and Ge, 1997);the dynamic meth…  相似文献   

Drone photogrammetry and KMeans point cloud filtering to create high resolution topographic and inundation models of coastal sediment archives          下载免费PDF全文

J.N. Callow  S.M. May  M. Leopold 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(12):2603-2615

Coastal areas are vulnerable to the impacts of tropical cyclones (TC), tsunamis and other water super‐elevation events, but the frequency of these events is often poorly represented by conventional records. Coastal overwash deposits (including washover fans) can provide a longer‐term archive of event frequency. Because of their low‐gradient geomorphic form, washover fans require high accuracy (centimetre‐resolution) topographic models to understand patterns of connectivity and dynamics that control archive formation. Using images collected by a remotely piloted aircraft system (RPAS, or ‘drone’) and Structure‐from‐Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques, we apply a novel point‐cloud filtering technique based on KMeans classification of the R‐G‐B colour of each X‐Y‐Z point to remove vegetation and create a centimetre‐resolution and accuracy bare‐earth digital terrain model (DTM) of a washover fan in Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia). Using the RPAS‐SfM orphophoto and DEM data, supported by ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and field stratigraphic analysis, we show how this approach can be applied to understand dynamics controlling low‐gradient geomorphic landforms, using an example of a washover fan sedimentary archive in northwestern Australia created by extreme overwash events. Our approach reveals the likely role of backflooding and terrestrial runoff in creating backwater environment for sub‐aqueous deposition and good sediment preservation and identifies key areas to target for detailed dating and stratigraphic analysis of a potentially decadal to sub‐millennial resolution sediment archive of TC activity. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

深海遥控潜水器多体系统非线性耦合动力特性模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱克强  朱海洋  于春令  马小方  张玉松  郑道昌  高洁 《海洋工程》2008,26(1):83-87

建立带缆遥控潜水器(TROV)系统空间运动模型,探讨支持船-吊缆-中际站-脐带缆-潜水器多体之间的强非线性耦合运动机理。潜器的运动考虑为六自由度,缆索分段的三维动态方程中采用了"凝集参数"模型与平均切向量非线性流体动力载荷处理技术,通过计算非均匀缆索的动张力和瞬态构型,预报导致脐带缆保护层及其内部光电传输芯线结构破坏的巨大瞬间突变载荷,对避免谐振,延长缆索寿命和最大限度地扩大ROV系统安全操作的范围,确保潜水器安全入坞和回收,节约试验费,避免作业事故都具有重要意义。  相似文献   

用改进的剖面匹配算子提取高分辨率遥感影像上带状道路     

林祥国  张继贤  刘正军 《测绘科学》2009,34(4)

剖面匹配在道路提取中得到了广泛的应用,但现有的相关文献中普遍利用数学模型模拟道路轨迹、利用最小二乘剖面匹配的结果进一步修正数学模型预测的道路点的方法,这种方法与实际的路况有较大的差别。本文中,用户初始化后获得道路的起始点、前进方向、道路的宽度和模板剖面。通过将模板剖面沿道路前进方向平移和旋转生成一系列目标剖面,求目标剖面与模板剖面的灰度差的平方和,在求平方和时给剖面的道路部分更多权重,最小的平方和对应的目标剖面的中点为最精确的道路点,迭代上述步骤追踪道路轨迹。经试验证明,改进的剖面匹配算子是一种稳健高效的道路追踪算法。  相似文献