大窑湾M₂分潮潮流场初探     

刘恒魁 《海洋科学》1989,13(4):9-12

本文主要从大窑湾实测流资料入手,计算了潮流调和常数,并相应地推算了M_2分潮流椭圆要素。通过进一步分析,从而揭示出了该湾M_2优势分潮潮流场的分布特征及其变化规律。  相似文献   

潮汐汊道均衡断面面积计算与稳定性分析中的问题 ——以海南陵水新村为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

龚文平  王道儒 《热带海洋学报》2006,25(4):31-41

通过对潮汐汊道稳定性与均衡断面面积定义的探讨,明确了O Brien等、Kreeke与Bruun对潮汐汊道稳定性定义的差异。通过不同方法求解一维水力学与连续方程,计算了海南陵水新村潮汐汊道的封闭曲线,并采用华南沿海A-P关系得出的均衡流速曲线及Soulsby临界流速曲线,计算了新村潮汐汊道的均衡断面面积,根据O Brien等与Kreeke的稳定性定义对新村潮汐汊道的稳定性进行了判别。结果表明,在大、小潮期用不同方法及不同的断面变化方式得出的稳定均衡断面面积(A2)在同样的均衡流速曲线下基本一致,而小潮期的稳定均衡断面面积要小于大潮期,最大流速处的断面面积(Acc)要大于大潮期。A2、Acc及饱满系数为0.8时对应的断面面积三者之间具有较大的差异。用封闭曲线求取潮汐汊道均衡断面面积并进行稳定性判断,在概念上有一定意义,可以作为潮汐汊道稳定性判断的一个依据,但通过求解一维水力学与连续方程以获取均衡断面面积则具有较大的局限性与不确定性。应通过中长期的野外观测、数值模拟与物理模型,以确定潮汐汊道的水动力特征以及地形演变规律,得出A-P关系进而求出均衡断面面积,并结合Bruun方法判定潮汐汊道的稳定性。  相似文献   

Tidal time-scale variation in nutrient flux across the sediment–water interface of an estuarine tidal flat     

Takashi Sakamaki  Osamu Nishimura  Ruichi Sudo 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,67(4):653-663

We determined the range of the tidal variations in nutrient flux across the sediment–water interface and elucidated mechanisms of the flux variation in two estuarine intertidal flats (one sand, one mud) in northeastern Japan. Nutrient flux was measured using in situ light and dark chambers, which were incubated for 2 h, 2–6 times per day. Results showed that nutrient concentration in overlying water varied by tide and was also affected by sewage-treated water inflow. The nutrient fluxes responded quickly to the tidal variation in overlying water chemistry and the range of the variation in flux was as large as the seasonal-scale variation reported in previous studies. In the sand flat, salinity increase likely enhanced benthos respiration and led to increases in both O₂ consumption and PO₄³⁻ regeneration under low illumination, while benthic microalgae were likely to actively generate O₂, uptake PO₄³⁻ and suppress PO₄³⁻ release under high illumination (>900 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹). Also in the mud flat, PO₄³⁻ flux was related with O₂ flux, although the range of temporal variation in PO₄³⁻ flux was small. In both the flats, NH₄⁺ flux was always governed by NH₄⁺ concentration in the overlying water; either an increase in NH₄⁺ uptake or a decrease in NH₄⁺ release was observed as the NH₄⁺ concentration rose due to inflow of river water or input of sewage-treated water. Although NO₃⁻ tended to be released in both tidal flats when low NO₃⁻ concentration seawater dominated, their relationship was likely to be weakened under conditions of low oxygen consumption and suppressed denitrification. It is likely that tidal variation in nutrient flux is governed more by the nutrient concentration than other factors, such as benthic biological processes, particularly in the case where nutrient concentration in the overlying water is relatively high and with wide amplitude.  相似文献   

A Continuous Mapping of Tidal Current Structures in the Kanmon Strait   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Keisuke?Yamaguchi  Ju?Lin  Arata?KanekoEmail author  Tokuo?Yayamoto  Noriaki?Gohda  Hong-Quang?Nguyen  Hong?Zheng 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(2):283-294

Tidal current structures at the Hayatomono-Seto of the Kanmon Strait are mapped continuously during March 17 to 20, 2003, including a spring tide, by the eight coastal acoustic tomography (CAT) systems distributed on both the sides of the strait. Detailed structures of strong tidal currents and their associated vortices are well reconstructed by the inverse analysis of travel-time difference data obtained from the reciprocal sound transmission between the paired CAT systems located at both sides of the strait mainly. The results are well compared to the shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data at the correlation rate of 0.84/0.82 and the RMS difference of 0.47/0.48 ms⁻¹ for the east-west/north-south current after the selection of good data. During the observation period, the maximum hourly mean volume transport for the upper 7 m layer across the strait reached 13,314 m³ s⁻¹ for the eastward and 5,547 m³ s⁻¹ for the westward. The daily mean transport is directed to the eastward and estimated 1,470 m³ s⁻¹ and 2,140 m³ s⁻¹ for March 18 and 19, respectively, when a spring tide occurs.  相似文献   

中国基岩海湾潮流地貌模式及其沉积动力特征     

边淑华  夏东兴  吕京福 《海洋科学进展》2003,21(3):298-307

对我国基岩海湾内的潮流沉积和地貌进行了系统研究。根据潮滩、潮流水道、潮流沙脊等地貌单元的组合特征，概括出3种潮流地貌模式：潮滩型、滩-槽型和滩槽-脊型。通过各模式海湾环境特征的对比分析，设定紊动射流系数Rbjet做为判别潮流水道形成发育程度的水动力参数，发现潮流水道较为发育的滩-槽型和滩-槽-脊型海湾往往开敞度较小，纵深较长，而平均潮差较大，Rbjet大于45。潮流沙脊是区分滩-槽型和滩-槽脊型潮流地貌模式的标志地貌，粗颗粒泥沙来源是其发育的必备条件：残留沉积、海岸侵蚀来沙丰富的海湾内潮流沙脊发育；河流来沙则可以改造形成小规模现代潮流脊；而靠近大河河口，细颗粒来源丰富的海湾则不利于潮流沙脊发育，湾内形成滩-槽型潮流沉积。  相似文献   

珠江虎门潮汐水道多环芳烃的分布、组成及来源分析   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

杨清书  欧素英  麦碧娴  傅家谟  盛国英 《海洋通报》2003,22(6):1-8

采用GF／F玻璃滤膜对珠江虎门潮汐水道水样进行过滤，分离出颗粒相和溶解相多环芳烃：定量分析结果显示，2001年洪、枯季水体中多环芳烃总最分别是786～2098ng／L和11360～34338ng／L，16种优控多环芳烃含量分别为223～614ng／L和6559～20031ng／L。广州前航道多环芳烃的含量高于狮子洋水样的含量：珠江虎门潮汐水道水体中多环芳烃的含量、分布具有明显的季节变化特征，枯季多环芳烃总量高于洪季1个数量级。多环芳烃的组成及其特祉参数分析表明，珠江虎门潮汐水道水体中多环芳烃主要来源于矿物燃料燃烧和汽车排放。  相似文献   

波浪作用下近岸区污染物输移扩散的数学模型及其实验验证   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

孙涛  陶建华 《海洋学报》2003,25(3):104-112

在近岸缓坡浅水海岸,波浪破碎产生沿岸流是近岸海域流场的重要组成部分,它对污染物输移扩散规律的影响重大,在高阶近似抛物化缓坡方程求解大面积波浪场基础上,建立了波浪作用下污染物输移扩散数学模型.计算结果与不同坡度均匀斜坡地形上具有不同波高、周期的规则波及不规则波浪作用下污染物输移扩散实验结果进行了比较,分析了各种因素对波浪作用下沿岸流分布规律影响,所得结论认为地形坡度及入射波高对污染物输移扩散的影响较大,波浪作用将使缓坡海滩上污染物的输移扩散平行岸线方向.  相似文献   

河口、海岸环境下床沙输运的初步实验研究     

尹畅安  费建华 《海岸工程》2002,21(3):14-18

量测了在水深0.5m的情况下波浪、水流通过水平沙床所产生的床沙输移。实验波高为0.15m，周期分别为1.4和2.0s。首先量测纯波浪下的床沙输移，然后量测波流共同作用下，水流与波浪行进方向一致其稳定速度分别为0.02,0.04,0.06m/s时的床沙输移，结果表明，2个沙槽所得的总输沙率在波周期2.0s时最大，净输沙率在波周期1.4s时最大，将波叠加在速度为0.02m/s的水流上时，2种波型的净输沙率都增加约1倍，水流为0.04m/s和0.06m/s时2种波型的净输沙率分别都减少。  相似文献   

Some observational results of sea storm current   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Xiu Richen  Liu Aiju  Ye Hesong  Gu Yuhe  Xu Lanying 《海洋学报(英文版)》2001,20(2):299-308

INTRODUCTIONDr. Hollister, a marine geologist of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, firstpointed out that there was ocean storm current in the ocean. He found out the wavy texture inthe seabed core samples, and suggested that this wavy texture was caused by the high speedsea current in remote antiquity. He then suggested a bold hypothesis that there existed a benthic storm current near the ocean bottom, and presented this hypothesis at the IUGG confer-ence held at San Francisco…  相似文献   

Silting in the Lower Courses of Tidal Sluices in China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张金善  黄建维杨红 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(1):137-148

Serious sediment deposition often occurs after the construction of tidal sluices in snrall or medium-sized tidal muddy estuaries, so desilting or dredging is needed to meet the demands of flood diseharge, saltwater retaining, and navigation in those areas. In this paper, the problem of sediment deposition induced by construction of tidal sluices is analyzed.Different problems of silting near tidal sluices for different types of estuaries are summed up. at the same time, corresponding methods are given to solve these probleras, and a few successful examples are also given. The idea of comprehensive regulation and utilization of estuaries is put forward, and some proposals for solution of sediment deposition in this kind of estuaries are made.  相似文献