全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 81篇 |
| 免费 | 10篇 |
| 国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
| 测绘学 | 1篇 |
| 大气科学 | 4篇 |
| 地球物理 | 45篇 |
| 地质学 | 9篇 |
| 自然地理 | 34篇 |
出版年
| 2021年 | 1篇 |
| 2020年 | 3篇 |
| 2019年 | 3篇 |
| 2018年 | 6篇 |
| 2017年 | 2篇 |
| 2016年 | 1篇 |
| 2015年 | 3篇 |
| 2014年 | 4篇 |
| 2013年 | 6篇 |
| 2012年 | 6篇 |
| 2011年 | 3篇 |
| 2010年 | 3篇 |
| 2009年 | 3篇 |
| 2008年 | 5篇 |
| 2007年 | 4篇 |
| 2006年 | 3篇 |
| 2004年 | 5篇 |
| 2003年 | 6篇 |
| 2002年 | 2篇 |
| 2001年 | 6篇 |
| 2000年 | 1篇 |
| 1999年 | 4篇 |
| 1998年 | 4篇 |
| 1997年 | 2篇 |
| 1996年 | 6篇 |
| 1995年 | 1篇 |
排序方式： 共有93条查询结果，搜索用时 62 毫秒
81.
In aeolian saltation, the sand bed is a mixture of sand particle with a wide range of particle sizes. Generally, the particle size distribution (PSD) of saltating particles is ignored by previous aeolian transport models, which will result in differences between predictions and observations. To better understand the saltation process, a prediction method of the PSD of saltating particles was proposed in this article. The probability of contact between incident sand and bed sand was introduced into the particle-bed collision process. An artificial PSD of the incident saltating particles was set as the initial condition. A stochastic particle-bed collision model considering contact probability was then used in each iteration step to calculate a new PSD of saltating particles. Finally, the PSD of saltating particles can be determined when aeolian saltation reaches a steady state (saltation is in a steady state when its primary characteristics, such as horizontal mass flux and the concentration of saltating particles, remain approximately constant over time and distance). Meanwhile, according to the experimental results, a calculation formula for the contact parameter n is given, which characterizes the shielding effect of particles on each other. That is, if soil PSD and friction velocity were given, the PSD of saltating particles can be determined. Our results do not depend on the initial conditions, and the predicted results are consistent with the experimental results. It indicated that our method can be used to determine the PSD of saltating particles. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
82.
83.
Wind tunnel experiments were conducted with a well mixed, flat sand bed, 5·7 m in length, to study the initial sand flux response at three different shear velocities. In some experiments, the bed was allowed to deplete without replenishment; in others, sand was fed 10·8 m upstream of the monitored cross-section. The results indicated that the transport rate increases rapidly during the first minute, and then adjusts slowly towards a steady rate. The time to reach such an equilibrium was observed to be on the order of 2–4 min in non-fed experiments and on the order of 8–9 min in fed experiments. Many factors may affect such development and bring about non-stationarity in total sand transport rate. Among these factors are differences in the natural composition of the sand bed, changes in both the topographical features of the sand bed (ripples) and its surface texture, and any artificial features that influence the adjustment between the boundary layer profile and the sand load on the wind. A useful key to the influence of each factor is obtained by noting that each has a typical and distinct ‘time constant’. The nature and relative importance of each is discussed by reference to the reported wind tunnel experiments and to the behaviour of saltation cloud numerical models. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
84.
85.
粗糙床面风廓线统一对数区的空气动力学粗糙度及其空间变异特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了进一步理解粗糙床面阻力效应,减小空气动力学粗糙度测试中的不确定性,依据风沙风洞测试的3类粗糙元（细高粗糙元、孔隙粗糙元和粗矮粗糙元）覆盖的39个粗糙床面在不同自由风速下的风廓线数据,提出了风廓线统一对数区的概念并得出以下结论：粗糙床面风廓线统一对数区范围约在0.1～0.3 h至边界层顶部,空气动力学粗糙度是变应力层内床面对气流阻力效应的垂向平均;在统一对数区内拟合的空气动力学粗糙度的垂向变异分为先增后减型（概率为71%）、减小型（20%）和增加型（9%）等类型,而采用统一对数区的空气动力学粗糙度可以避免垂向变异带来的不确定性;统一对数区的无量纲空气动力学粗糙度随粗糙元密度以幂函数形式增加的特征,进一步表明该指标能更好地表征粗糙床面对气流阻力效应;尾涡流风廓线统一对数区的空气动力学粗糙度约为街流区1~5倍,表明街流区风廓线统一对数区的空气动力学粗糙度是模拟跃移起动更合适的参数。 相似文献
86.
A simple model for the dynamics of dunes associated with vegetation is proposed. Using the model, the formation processes of transverse dunes, parabolic dunes and elongated parabolic dunes are simulated according to two environmental factors: (i) the amount of sand at the source; (ii) the wind force. The results have qualitative correspondence to the real counterpart, and the simplicity of the algorithm and the consequent ease of handling this model provide us with wide applicability for the investigation of the complex interplay between vegetation and dunes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
87.
88.
Two computational methods to measure particle rotations from shadow images of sand particles saltating in a wind tunnel are presented. One method calculates the maximum of the cross‐correlations through multiple angular rotations of an imaged particle. The second method polar transforms both images and then calculates the correlation coefficient for multiple pixel displacements in the θ axis, corresponding to particle rotations. The results from both methods were analysed as a function of height above sand bed (3.7–33.4 mm) and particle size (0.32–0.93 mm equivalent mean diameter). Our results indicate little evidence that particle rotation speeds depend on either their size or height above the sand bed. Though similar results were obtained from both methods, there existed different advantages and disadvantages between the methods. Erroneous results likely arose from particles that were inadequately described by a 2‐D rotation axis, or from poorly imaged particles. At a wind tunnel speed of about 12 m/s, most particles rotated at around 300–400 rev/s. Negative rotations were also found, and their proportion was approximately 15% within the total range of ?450 to 850 rev/s. The ratio of displacement kinetic energy to rotation energy was compared across the various groups and had values between 15 and 40. The quotient showed little dependence on height, though decreased with increasing particle size. Wider applicability of the measurement methodology to study snow particle rotation is also discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
89.
YanYan Yang LianYou Liu XiaoYan Li PeiJun Shi GuoMing Zhang YiYing Xiong YanLi Lyu LanLan Guo Bo Liang MengDi Zhao JiaDong Dai XiYang Zuo XuJiao Han 《Sedimentology》2019,66(2):590-603
Aeolian sand entrainment, saltation and deposition are important and closely related near surface processes. Determining how grains are sorted by wind requires a detailed understanding of how aerodynamic sand transport processes vary within the saltating layer with height above the bed. Grain‐size distribution of sand throughout the saltation layer and, in particular, how the associated flux of different grain size changes with variation in wind velocity, remain unclear. In the present study, a blowdown wind tunnel with a 50 cm thick boundary layer was used to investigate saltating sand grains by analyzing the weight percentage and transport flux of different grain‐size fractions and the mean grain size at different wind velocities. It was found that mean grain size decreases with height above the sand bed before undergoing a reversal. The height of the reversal point ranges from 4 to 40 cm, and increases with wind velocity following a non‐linear relationship. The content of the finer fractions (very fine and fine sand) initially increases above the sand bed and then decreases slightly with height, whereas that of the coarser fractions (medium and coarse sand) exhibits the opposite trend. The content of coarser grains and the mean grain size of sand in the saltation layer increase with wind velocity, indicating erosional selectivity with respect to grains in multi‐sized sand beds; but this size selectivity decreases with increasing wind velocity. The vertical mass flux structure of fine sand and very fine sand does not obey a general exponential decay pattern under strong wind conditions; and the coarser the sand grain, the greater the decrease rate of their transport mass with height. The results of these experiments suggest that the grain‐size distribution of a saltating sand cloud is governed by both wind velocity and height within the near‐surface boundary layer. 相似文献
90.
通过相邻图像减法获得了清晰的沙粒运动图像。在此基础上,分别提出了通过人工目视解译与计算机追踪相结合进行跃移颗粒数字轨迹追踪的多帧图像匹配算法以及更适用于计算跃移沙粒群运动瞬时速度场的两帧图像匹配算法。结果表明：与前人研究采用的单纯的人工匹配计算相比,多帧图像匹配算法在保证数据准确性的同时,极大的提高了工作效率。两帧图像匹配算法克服了传统的PTV匹配算法对流场内粒子群运动特征的要求,更加适宜于跃移沙粒群的速度测量,不仅拥有较高的匹配率,而且全过程实现全自动计算,具有较高的计算速度,能够为跃移相整体运动特性研究提供具有代表性的数据。因此,此方法有助于高速摄影技术在研究跃移沙粒运动中的优势更加明显。 相似文献