栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)壳顶幼虫血细胞分布的免疫学观察     

倪永庆  邢婧  林听听  战文斌 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(6):72-76

研究组前期实验发现,栉孔扇贝血细胞在D形幼虫时期出现.本文应用单克隆抗体的免疫组化、免疫电镜方法进一步定位栉孔扇贝壳顶幼虫的血细胞并观察其分布.结果表明,栉孔扇贝壳顶幼虫已分化出界限明显的组织器官,包括外套膜、面盘、口、食道、胃、消化腺、足等;血细胞主要分布于壳顶幼虫的外套膜、面盘、食道、消化腺、胃等组织器官内及周围,其中面盘、消化腺、胃等处有大量血细胞成簇分布.血细胞形状不规则,直径为3～5μm;细胞核多为圆形、椭圆形,位于细胞的一侧;细胞质内有线粒体、内质网等细胞器和空泡.结果证实,栉孔扇贝在壳顶幼虫时期已出现了大量清晰可辨的血细胞,其分布特点与成贝血细胞相似.  相似文献   

POLYCULTURE OF SCALLOP CHLAMYS FARRERI AND KELP LAMINRIA JAPONICA IN SUNGO BAY     

方建光  孙惠玲  燕敬平  匡世焕  李锋  GaryF.Newkirk  Jon Grant 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,(4)

Several polyculture models of scallop Chlamys farreri and kelp Laminaria japonica currently employedin Sungo Bay and other parts of northern China are described in this paper. Economic benefits of differ-ent polyculture models are analysed based on the growth rate, culture density and market price. In addi-tion, site selection, critical environmental conditions and polyculture problems are discussed in detail.  相似文献   

海湾扇贝组织蛋白酶L基因编码区的克隆和分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李娟  李莉  张国范 《海洋通报》2011,30(3):338-343

通过cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE),从海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians)中克隆得到了组织蛋白酶L基因(AiCL)的编码区全长,为1095 bp,推测编码364个氨基酸.经比对与分析发现蛋白序列中存在4个组织蛋白酶L活性位点保守氨基酸:Q164,C170,H309,N329;6个极为保守的半胱氨酸...  相似文献   

Relationships of growth and mortality to enzymatic activity,and the relative mRNA expression of cultured scallops Patinopecten yessoensis in the Yellow Sea,China     

LIU Chao  WU Fucun  QUE Huayong  ZHANG Guofan 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(4):1409-1422

The bottom aquaculture of yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) has developed rapidly in the north of Yellow Sea, China, but not without accompanying productivity problems. We, therefore, conducted field surveys to investigate factors related to growth and mortality rates of bottom-cultured scallops after release. Specifically, we focused on the effects of total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and three key enzymes involved in antioxidant and metabolic function:glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Across summer and winter, we also measured the relative mRNA expression of GPT and SOD to understand their seasonal variation in the scallops, along with how such variation correlated to growth and mortality. Results show that bottom cultured scallops experienced mass mortality during the first six months post-release. During winter (December), scallops grew more rapidly and suffered less mortality than in summer (August). The observed lower performance probably resulted from less advantageous environmental factors during the summer seasons, such as high temperature and low dissolved oxygen. These environmental stressors enhance protein consumption while decreasing energetic resources in scallops. Furthermore, scallops in summer exhibited high antioxidant levels that probably competed for energy with process integral to growth and survival. These negative factors combined to elevate mortality rates. In conclusion, we provided evidence suggesting correlations between metabolic/antioxidant activity and growth and mortality of bottom-cultured yesso scallops. These correlations implied us an accurate method to estimate the performance of bottom culture system. Suggestions about innovative aquaculture techniques were also discussed in the study. Our results might provide a possible guideline to the improvement of bottom culture techniques for this commercially valuable seafood species.  相似文献   

An efficiency model of a scallop (Pecten maximus, L.) experimental dredge: Sensitivity study   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fifas  S.; Berthou  P. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1999,56(4):489-499

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EFFECTS OF REDUCED SALINITY ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND AMMONIA-N EXCRETION OF CHLAMYS FARRERI     

杨红生  王萍  张涛  王健  何义朝  张福绥 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1999,(3)

INTRODUCTIONRespirationandexcretionaretwoimportantaspectsofbioenergetics.Themetabolicrateofbi valvesisinfluencedbyanumberofvariables,includingtemperature ,bodysize,oxygentension ,foodconcentration ,reproductivestate ,activitylevelandphysiologicalcondition .Theimpactsoftemperatureontherespirationandexcretionofscallopshadalreadybeenreportedindetail (BayneandNewell,1 983 ;MacDonald ,1 988;MackayandShumway,1 980 ;Shumway ,1 991 ;Yangetal.,1 998) ,whiletheeffectsofsalinityontherespirationan…  相似文献   

TETRAPLOID INDUCTION BY INHIBITING MITOSIS I IN SCALLOP CHLAMYS FARRERI     

杨蕙萍  郭希明  陈再忠  王永平 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1999,(4)

INTRODUCTIONInmollusccytogenetics,tetraploidisanimportantsubjectbecauseofits1 0 0 %triploidproduc tion.Thetriploidswereprovedlargerthandiploidsby 73 %inbayscallop ,Argopectenirradians(Tabarini,1 984 )andby 3 2 % 59%innoblescallop ,Chlamysnobilis (KomaruandWada ,1 989) .Butthedifficultiesassociatedwithtriploidproductionlimiteditswideuseinmolluscaquac ulture.Normally ,thetriploidswereinducedbyinhibitingpolarbodyII (Allenetal.,1 989) ,butthismethodcannevermakethetriploidproductionreach 1…  相似文献   

Effect of Fouling Organisms on Food Uptake and Nutrient Release of Scallop （Chlamys nobilis, Reeve） Cultured in Daya Bay     

Su Zhenxia  Xiao Hui  Yan Yan  Huang Liangmin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):93-96

Biofouling is an important factor that affects the bivalve farming industry. Fouling organisms may reduce growth and survival rate of the cultured species. Fouler are often filter feeders, so they are potential competitors for food resource with the cultured species. The present study was conducted to measure the impact of fouling on food uptake and nutrient release in April and June, 2006 in Daya Bay near Guangzhou, China. Results showed that fouling organisms had significant effect on food uptake and nutrient release. The chlorophyll a uptake rate of fouled scallops was 7.53Lh-1±1.416Lh-1 and 11.94Lh-1±2.497Lh-1 in April and June, respectively, significantly higher than those of cleaned scallops, i.e., 4.23 Lh-1 ±2.744Lh-1 and 2.57Lh-1± 1.832 Lh-1 respectively.The consumption of total particulate matter by fouled scallops in April and June was 5.52Lh-1±0.818Lh-1 and 3.07Lh-1±0.971 Lh-1,respectively; the corresponding results for cleaned scallops are 2.49Lh-1 ±0.614Lh-1 and 2.37± 1.214Lh-1, respectively. Fouling increased ammonia release significantly. The ammonia release rate of fouled scallops was 33.81Lh-1±7.699Lh-1 and 76.39Lh-1 ±9.251Lh-1 in April and June, while cleaned scallops released 2.46Lh-1± 0.5 1 1Lh-1 and 7.23Lh-1± 1.026Lh-1 ammonia, respectively. Phosphate release of fouled scallops was 22.72Lh-1 ± 9.978 Lh-1 in June and cleaned scallops released phosphate 6.01Lh-1 ±0.876 Lh-1 in April. Therefore, fouling contributed much to food reduction and concentration increase of ammonia and phosphate in water.  相似文献   

硒化壳聚糖对栉孔扇贝血细胞中部分免疫因子的影响     

王宜艳  孙虎山  刘玉坤 《海洋通报》2007,26(2):117-120

取人工养殖栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)的血淋巴,体外加入不同浓度的硒化壳聚糖,作用1h后采用生化方法分别测定栉孔扇贝血细胞中的髓性过氧化物酶(MPO)和非特异性酯酶(NSE)的活力,以及过氧化氢(H2O2)和活性氧的含量。结果表明:加入硒化壳聚糖后,栉孔扇贝血细胞中依赖卤素的MPO、不依赖卤素的MPO、α-醋酸萘酯酶和α-丁酸萘酯酶的活力均为实验组显著高于对照组,过氧化氢和活性氧的含量也为实验组显著高于对照组。说明硒化壳聚糖对栉孔扇贝血淋巴中多种参与免疫防御的酶的活力和具有杀菌作用的免疫因子的含量均具有明显的提高作用,因而硒化壳聚糖对栉孔扇贝的免疫功能具有明显的增强作用。  相似文献   

Yield trait improvement of bay scallops following complete diallel crosses between different scallop stocks   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张守都  李莉  吴富村  张国范 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(1):1-7

This study describes the complete diaUel hybridization between newly introduced bay scallop stock （W） from Canada and local commercial stock （D） grown under laboratory conditions, in China. Larval survival and growth during all life stages （larvae, spat, and adult） were compared among hybrid （DW, WD） and purebred （DD, WW） populations. Significant heterosis was detected for survival during the larval stage （〉 1% of the mid-parent values）. The mean heterosis （Hm） varied in growth throughout the life span. More than 50% of the Hm values were positive and negative in the DW and WD groups, respectively. The influence of maternal effects and mating types （intrapopulation vs. interpopulation crosses） on growth for all life stages was not consistent. Larval survival did not differ significantly （P〉0.05） with maternal effect or mating type. In the harvest stage, shell length （SL）, shell height （SH）, shell width （SW）, and total weight （TW） were larger in the hybrid compared with the inbred groups. Positive Hm values were observed in SL （1.5%）, SW （5.8%）, and TW （12.3%）, and were more significant in the DW groups （6.1%, 4.5%, 6.8%, and 27.2%）. These results suggest that hybridization between two geographic populations is a good tool for improving bay scallop growth. However, unstable heterosis between the two populations requires further study.  相似文献