海底沉积物声衰减研究现状及展望   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘强  卢博 《海洋技术学报》2006,25(2):63-66,111

根据近年来海底沉积物声学物理研究发展的态势,介绍了与研究声衰减有关的海底沉积物样品采集装置和海洋沉积物声速结构模式,综合解析多种对海底沉积物声衰减等声学特性研究方法,并做出较为详细地比较和讨论,提出对海底沉积物声衰减研究在满足科研要求的同时也应符合国家标准和要求。同时,指出了研究海洋沉积物声衰减的必要性和重要性,强调了对海底沉积物声衰减研究的科学意义和应用意义。  相似文献   

Scales of habitat heterogeneity and megabenthos biodiversity on an extensive Australian continental margin (100–1100 m depths)     

Alan Williams  Franziska Althaus  Piers K. Dunstan  Gary C.B. Poore  Nicholas J. Bax  Rudy J. Kloser  & Felicity R. McEnnulty 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(1):222-236

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Numerical simulation of flow around a circular cylinder close to a flat seabed at high Reynolds numbers using a k–ε model     

Muk Chen Ong  Torbjørn Utnes  Lars Erik Holmedal  Dag Myrhaug  Bjørnar Pettersen 《Coastal Engineering》2010

High Reynolds number flows around a circular cylinder close to a flat seabed have been computed using a two-dimensional standard high Reynolds number k–ε turbulence model. The effects of gap to diameter ratio, Reynolds number and flat seabed roughness for a given boundary layer thickness of the inlet flow upstream of the cylinder have been investigated. Hydrodynamic quantities and the resulting bedload transport have been predicted, and the vortex shedding mechanisms have been investigated. Predictions of hydrodynamic quantities around a cylinder located far away from the bed (so that the effect of the bed is negligible) are in satisfactory agreement with published experimental data and numerical results obtained for the flow around an isolated cylinder. Results for lower Reynolds number flows have also been computed for comparison with the high Reynolds number flow results. Overall it appears that the present approach is suitable for design purposes at high Reynolds numbers which are present near the seabed in the real ocean.  相似文献   

Numerical study on the interaction among a nonlinear wave,composite breakwater and sandy seabed     

Dong-Soo Hur  Chang-Hoon Kim  Jong-Sung Yoon 《Coastal Engineering》2010

Most previous investigations related to composite breakwaters have focused on the wave forces acting on the structure itself from a hydrodynamic aspect. The foundational aspects of a composite breakwater under wave-induced cyclic loading are also important in studying the stability of a composite breakwater. In this study, numerical simulations were performed to investigate the wave-induced pore water pressure and flow changes inside the rubble mound of the composite breakwater and seabed foundation. The validity and applicability of the numerical model were demonstrated by comparing numerical results with existing experimental data. Moreover, the present model clearly has shown that the instantaneous directions of pore water flow motion inside the seabed induced by surface waves are in good agreement with the general wave-induced pore water flow inside the seabed. The model is further used to discuss the stability of a composite breakwater, i.e., the interaction among nonlinear waves, composite breakwater and seabed. Numerical results suggest that the stability of a composite breakwater is affected by not only downward shear flow generating on the seaward slope face of the rubble mound but, also, a high and dense pore water pressure gradient inside the rubble mound and seabed foundation.  相似文献   

青岛港外航道开挖区海床演变趋势分析     

于定勇  曾渊  柳枝  刘华兴 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(1):141-146

采用不同年代的水深图和物质来源测量资料,研究了青岛港外航道开挖区的海床演变情况。分别利用等深线、区域地形及海底地形剖面来对比水深地形变化,研究开挖区的地形冲淤变化,结果表明拟开挖航道区近70 a来,其海床演变主趋势为轻微侵蚀,而其南北两侧的邻近海域海底地形变化则既有局部侵蚀又有局部淤积;通过外航道开挖区域11个观测点测量的有关水流、底沙粒径等数据计算分析,得到其开挖后淤积厚度在0.453~4.149 cm/a之间。青岛港外航道开挖区年平均回淤速率不大,适合扩建。  相似文献   

考虑土骨架加速度效应的海床动力反应及其影响因素分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

栾茂田  王栋 《海洋学报》2002,24(6):112-119

由Biot二维广义动力固结理论的形式基本控制方程出发,忽略孔隙流体的加速度,提出了饱和海床动力反应的时域有限元数值解法.联立静力平衡条件和Biot固结方程的退化法所得到的数值解可视为其特例.在比较算例中,退化法得到的超静孔压和有效应力幅值沿海床深度的分布与解析解一致.一般情况下,土骨架的加速度对海床的有效应力和超静孔压影响很小,控制方程可以退化为Biot理论.成层海床上部的粗砂层不会使超静孔压幅值在海床表面下较浅的深度内迅速衰减,难以改变海床的瞬时循环液化深度.  相似文献   

An assessment of the acoustic survey technique, RoxAnn, as a means of mapping seabed habitat   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

Greenstreet  Simon P. R.; Tuck  Ian D.; Grewar  Gavin N.; Armstrong  Eric; Reid  David G.; Wright  Peter J. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1997,54(5):939-959

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The effects of a porous-elastic seabed on interfacial wave propagation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

S.J. Williams  D.-S. Jeng   《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(13):1818-1831

A theoretical model for the decay of progressive interfacial gravity waves propagating above a porous bed is developed assuming potential flow in a two-layer system with a free surface and a sharp interface. A new wave dispersion relation for two-layer flow above a quasi-static porous seabed is derived and investigated. The solutions for the nonlinear wave profile are derived using a perturbation method and the effects of geometric and flow parameters including bed characteristics, depth ratios and the densities of the two fluids are studied and discussed. Comparisons with existing analytical solutions for viscous interfacial wave attenuation over a rigid bed demonstrate the relative importance of the porous bed as a mechanism for wave decay. It is shown that the influence of a porous seabed on wave propagation is significant when the depth of the lower layer, normalised by the wavenumber, is less than π.  相似文献   

Fuzzy Reliability Analysis for Seabed Oil Gas Pipeline Networks Under Earthquakes     

刘震  潘斌 《中国海洋工程》2003,17(1)

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Wave dispersion equation in a porous seabed     

D. S Jeng   《Ocean Engineering》2001,28(12):85

The wave dispersion equation has played a very important role in the development of ocean surface wave theories. The evaluation of the length of a water wave is an essential example of solving the dispersion relation. Conventional ocean wave theories have been based on an assumption of a rigid impermeable seabed. Thus, the conventional wave dispersion equation can only be used in the case of a wave propagating over a rigid impermeable seabed. For waves propagating over a porous seabed (such as a sandy bed), the conventional dispersion relation is no longer valid because of the absence of the characteristics of the porous seabed. The objective of this study is to establish a new wave dispersion equation for waves propagating over a porous seabed. Based on the new relation, the effects of a porous seabed on wave characteristics (such as the wavelength and wave profile) are discussed in detail.  相似文献