一种改进的膜盐度计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈国华  王立红  张力军  关庆利 《海洋科学》1993,17(5):54-58

叙述了一种可用于现场及实验室使用的新的浸入式电池膜盐度计的设计与结构。该膜盐度计传感器由下列电化学电池组成,用此传感器与微机或pH/离子计配合组成了膜盐度计。该仪器可用于近岸河口地区表层海水盐度监测并用于有潮河口底栖动物生态现场研究。仪器现场条件使用准确度约为盐度测量值1％。同时能用于Cl~-及其他离子的现场监测。  相似文献   

塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定海水中的铜     

李攻科  黄卓尔  杨秀环  张展霞 《热带海洋学报》1991,(2)

本文选择酒石酸消除海水基体对铜信号的干扰,用塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定海水中的铜。从Cu的原子化曲线可知,加入酒石酸后,背景值减小,Cu原子吸收信号增强,且出现时间提前,表明酒石酸是有效的海水基体改进剂。用P.E.Z3030光谱仪测得双蒸水及海水中的元素Cu的特征质量(m。)分别为12.5pg及12.7pg;检测限分别为0.18μg/L和0.19μg/L,表明基体效应已消除,符合海洋监测要求。可用纯Cu标准溶液作校正曲线,以国家海洋局的两个标准海水样品中的Cu评定本法的准确度,相对偏差为0及-4.6%,与经典的经富集后的FAAS法的结果相比,相对偏差在3.0—6.5％范围内。用不同类型的光谱仪测定了30个海水样品,回收率在89—104％范围内。本法操作简便、快速。  相似文献   

2000年夏季莱州湾主要观测要素的分布特征   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

万修全  吴德星  鲍献文  姜华 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(1):7-12

在 2 0 0 0年夏季莱州湾加密大面调查资料的基础上 ,研究了莱州湾海域海水的温度、盐度、溶解氧、浊度、叶绿素、无机氮、磷酸盐和硅酸盐的分布特征 ,初步讨论了它们之间的相互关系。结果表明 ,莱州湾盐度值与以前相比有显著升高 ;叶绿素南部的高值区对应于溶解氧的低值区 ,温度的高值区 ;浊度受黄河径流的影响较大 ;无机氮西部浓度高 ,东部浓度低 ,且相差很大 ;浮游植物生长的限制因素东部与西部海域不同 ,东部为氮限制 ,而西部为磷限制。  相似文献   

大生活用海水生化处理技术研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王静  张雨山 《海洋技术学报》2002,21(4):51-53

采用海水作为大生活用水最结解沿海城市淡水资源紧缺局面的有效途径之一。该技术得以推广应用的技术关键是大生活用海水的后处理技术，文章综述了大生活用海水的生化处理技术的研究现状，并提出了今后的研究方向。  相似文献   

南海中部海区次表层NO2^——N的最大值   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨嘉东 《台湾海峡》1992,11(2):138-145

本文根据1983年9月至1985年1月南海中部海区综合调查所获得的NO_2~--N及有关参数的观测资料,分析了该海区NO_2~--N的分布变化特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明,调查海区NO_2~--N含量的变化范围在0～0.54μmol/L之间,其中小于0.05μmol/L的测定值约占测定总数的82.1%,而大于0.05μmol/L测定值基本上出现在50～150m层。文中还对该海区次表层NO_2~--N最大值形成的机理作了初步探讨,指出密度跃层的终年存在、铵的氧化和浮游植物的代谢过程是调查海区次表层NO_2~--N最大值形成的主要因素。  相似文献   

The western Pacific brachyuran (Hemigrapsus sanguineus: Grapsidae), in its new habitat along the Atlantic coast of the United States: geographic distribution and ecology     

McDermott  John J. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(2):289-298

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台湾海峡海流结构及海水通量     

傅子琅  胡建宇 《热带海洋学报》1995,(3)

主要根据台湾海峡的实测海流资料，以夏、冬为代表季节，分析了台湾海峡２—３个纬向断面的海流结构，计算出各断面的海水通量。结果表明：夏季，台湾海峡中、北部海域各层的海流一般偏Ｎ向流动，Ｎ向的海水净通量为３．３２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１；冬季，高温高盐的黑潮水和南海水由南向北经南部断面进入台湾海峡，其海水通量分别为１．６９×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１和０．５９×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１；而东海水由北向南通过北部断面进入台湾海峡，其海水通量为１．０２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１，其中，有０．４０×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１的海水沿着福建和广东近岸流进南海，其余０．６２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１的海水在台湾海峡北部混合后随同黑潮水和南海水流入东海。总之，流经台湾海峡的Ｎ向海水净通量为１．７４×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１。  相似文献   

吹扫-捕集气相色谱法测定海水中挥发性卤代烃   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

杨桂朋  尹士序  陆小兰  宋贵生 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):299-304

挥发性卤代烃(VHC)是大气中的痕量气体,对臭氧层损耗和温室效应有重要作用。海洋是大气中VHC的主要自然排放源,开展海洋VHC的研究有助于了解海洋对大气VHC和全球变暖的贡献。本文建立了吹扫-捕集与气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器联用技术(P-T-GC-(ECD)分析海水中6种VHC的方法,确定了吹扫-捕集条件和气相色谱分离条件。该方法的检测限在0.003~0.369 ng.L-1之间;相对标准偏差是1.83~3.97;加标回收率为98.1%~110.2%;相关系数在0.997 3~0.999 8之间。可准确地测定海水中6种VHC。  相似文献   

A Reconstruction of Observed Profiles in the Sea East of Japan Using Vertical Coupled Temperature-Salinity EOF Modes   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Yosuke Fujii  Masafumi Kamachi 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(2):173-186

It is important to estimate hard-to-observe parameters in the ocean interior from easy-to-observe parameters. This study therefore demostrates a reconstruction of observed temperature and salinity profiles of the sea east of Japan (30°≈40°N, 140°≈150°E). The reconstruction was done by estimating suboptimal state from several values of the observed profiles and/or sea surface dynamic height (SDH) calculated from the profiles. The estimation used a variational method with vertical coupled temperature-salinity empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes. Profiles of temperature and salinity in the subtropical region are effectively reconstructed from in situ temperature profile data, or sea surface temperature (SST) and SDH. For example, the analyzed temperature field from SST and SDH has an accuracy to within 1°C in the subtropical region. Salinity in the sea north of Kuroshio, however, is difficult to estimate because of its complex variability which is less correlated with temperature than in the subtropical region. Sea surface salinity is useful to estimate the subsurface structure. We also show the possibility that the estimation is improved by considering nonlinearity in the equation calculating SDH from temperature and salinity analysis values in order to examine the misfit between analysis and observation. Analysis using TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry data instead of SDH was also performed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Physical and anthropogenic effects on observed long-term nutrient changes in the Irish Sea     

G. L. Evans  P. J. le B. Williams  E. G. Mitchelson-Jacob 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,57(5-6):1159-1168

The trend in Irish Sea nutrient concentrations over the last four decades has been considered to reflect changes in anthropogenic loading. Comparison of a long-term database for the Menai Strait, North Wales, with an established historic data set for the Cypris station, Isle of Man, indicates that climate also has a significant influence on observations of nutrient concentrations. Data are presented detailing long-term shifts in nitrate, phosphate and silicate measurements since the 1960s at these two fixed sampling sites in the Irish Sea. Broad systematic changes observed in all three nutrients over the decades show a rise from the 1960s through to the 1980s, followed generally by an overall decline in the 1990s. Decadal-scale salinity changes occur in the opposite sense to nutrient changes. Anthropogenic inputs from freshwater cannot fully account for observed nutrient trends, neither is there evidence for shifts in nutrient concentrations in oceanic waters over the past four decades. Climatically forced movement in the geographical position of the freshwater/seawater mixing zone over a decadal time scale could, however, give rise to the observed shifts in nutrient concentration and salinity. This cannot alter nutrient concentration and salinity per se, but causes the measurements taken at fixed sampling sites to fluctuate inversely over this time scale. It is concluded that there is complex interplay between anthropogenic loading and climate affecting the distribution of nutrients in the Irish Sea.  相似文献