盐酸及乙酸介质中的碳酸盐岩溶蚀表面特征及机理——以南堡凹陷为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱文慧  曲希玉  邱隆伟  陈勇  龚发雄  吴思萱 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2015,(3)

为了研究酸性条件下碳酸盐岩的溶蚀表面特征及机理,以南堡凹陷及周边凸起区10个典型碳酸盐岩样品为研究对象,进行乙酸和盐酸溶液的溶解实验,并通过扫描电镜观察样品的溶蚀特征。结果显示,岩石结构和矿物成分的选择性溶蚀,是碳酸盐岩溶蚀过程中的主要作用形式;方解石和白云石均存在特有的溶蚀现象,即"溶蚀晶锥"方解石和"蜂窝状"白云石,为晶体选择性溶蚀的产物;表生条件下,灰岩中少量白云石的加入能够增加方解石的溶解度,白云石的含量上限为13%,超过该界限,随白云石含量的增加,溶蚀作用减弱。  相似文献   

Effect of Cu toxicity at different salinity on selective group of juvenile pompano Trachinotus ovatus          下载免费PDF全文

OU You-jun  LI Jia-er  CAI Wen-chao 《热带海洋学报》2014,33(4):26-32

Effects of copper toxicity and salinity shock on selective group of juvenile pompano Trachinotus ovatus were investigated.The fish were exposed to different Cu2+ concentrations of 0(blank),0.02(C1),0.05(C2),0.10(C3),and 0.15 mg·L–1(C4)at a salinity of 10‰ or 40‰ for 96 h,with the salinity of 29‰ as the control.The results showed that the effects of the acute salinity stimulation to survival rates of pompano between control(29‰)and lower or higher salinity for 96 h were not significant(p0.05).However,the survival rates in each treatment were decreased with the increase of Cu2+ concentration.The dominant factor influencing body moisture of the fish was salinity,and there was no sign that body moisture was correlated with exposure to Cu2+.The gill lamellas in high level of Cu2+ concentration(C4 treatments)were abnormal under the salinity of 40‰ and extremely curly under the salinity of 10‰.Hemorrhage in gill was observed in the two C4 treatments.Under transmission electron microscope,pillar cells in gill lamellas appeared deformed and ruptured in some areas of the epithelia in the higher concentration of Cu2+,resulting in the death of the fish due to the destruction of gill tissue,elevation of the arithmetic mean distance from water to blood,the decrease of oxygen diffusion capacity,and other physiological functions.These findings indicate that the pompano might suffer much more pressure when encountered with Cu2+ pollution and low salinity.  相似文献   

CBERS-02B多光谱数据在城市不透水面 估算中的可用性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈峰  邱全毅  郭青海  唐立娜 《遥感学报》2011,15(3):621-639

以厦门岛为研究区,以CBERS-02B的CCD影像为数据源,采用基于可变端元的线性光谱混合模型估算了城市不 透水面组分含量,并探讨了该方法的实现过程与优势。通过端元评估确定了研究区的４个典型端元,即高反射不透水 面、低反射不透水面、高反射土壤和植被。在此基础上,以高、低反射不透水面端元的组分含量对城市不透水面含量 进行估算。精度评价结果显示：基于可变端元的方法要优于一般带全约束法;而在混合像元分解过程中加入全色波段 （band5）有助于提高模型估算精度,使得在像元尺度的精度与采用Landsat的已有报道相近,而在土地利用单元尺度实 现了对城市不透水面的无偏估计。研究实例也表明,尽管目前CBERS-02B数据在辐射定标和地理定位等方面还有待改 进,通过采用适当的处理过程和技术手段,依然能利用该数据对城市不透水面进行有效估算。  相似文献   

蝗虫防治指挥辅助信息系统设计与实现     

李君  李林  朱德海  张龙 《地理空间信息》2011,(4):106-108

为了满足当前蝗虫防治信息化的实际需求,提出以信息技术为基础,研发蝗虫防治指挥辅助信息系统的构想。根据蝗虫发生的特点和防治的需求,讨论了GIS技术在蝗虫防治指挥辅助信息系统中的应用,包括系统的体系结构、功能模块划分以及采用的关键技术,并设计和实现了蝗虫防治指挥辅助信息系统。系统实现了采样点蝗虫发生情况和蝗虫发生区发生程度...  相似文献   

Vertical mixing of gravel over a long flood series     

Judith K. Haschenburger 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(8):1044-1058

Vertical sediment exchange is a fundamental component of bedload transport in gravel‐bed channels. This paper describes the characteristic depth of exchange achieved over a long flood series. Analysis is based on 11 recoveries of magnetically tagged gravels deployed in Carnation Creek, Canada, completed between 1990 and 2008. Vertical grain exchange mixes gravels throughout the streambed relatively rapidly. Within one to eight floods the mean burial depth approaches two times the surface layer thickness, quantified by the 90th percentile of the size distribution. Finer gravels are mixed more rapidly into the bed than coarser gravels. Both active and passive grain exchanges throughout most of the bed produce the overall vertical distribution of marked grains. Gravel exchanges exhibit fairly consistent patterns once tracers are well mixed by large floods. Results highlight the role of flood sequence in determining exchange depths, support the notion of an upper limit to exchange, and underscore the importance of passive grain exchange. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾抗WSSV选育家系的抗病与生长特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄永春  艾华水  殷志新  黄仙德  李色东  翁少萍  何建国 《台湾海峡》2011,30(3):412-418

从引进的无特定病原（SPF）凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeusvannamei）亲虾生产的子代中挑选出生长快、体格健壮等性状良好的个体作为亲本建立16个第一代选育家系,并经223d饲养和感染实验从中挑选出抗病力强、生长快的家系建立21个第二代家系．抗WSSV实验的结果表明：第一代选育各家系经感染wssv（投喂）后的成活率在0～61．5％之间,平均成活率为30．0％±16．5％;第二代选育家系成活率在14．5％～70．0％之间,平均成活率为37．3％±15．2％,比第一代提高24．3％．21个第二代选育家系经28d的生长实验显示：21个选育家系体长特定生长率在0．00l5～0．0142之间,体重特定生长率在0．0053～0．0279之间;两代选育家系抗病与生长的结果表明：抗病较强的家系生长快,抗病差的家系生长慢,但抗病最强或生长最快的家系,其对应的生长或抗病性能则不理想．  相似文献   

Storm-scale ensemble forecast based on breeding of growth modes     

Feng Gao  JinZhong Min  FanYou Kong 《寒旱区科学》2011,3(1):0061-0069

How to obtain fast-growth errors, which is comparable to the actual forecast growth error, is a crucial problem in ensemble forecast (EF). The method, Breeding of Growth Modes (BGM), which has been used to generate perturbations for medium-range EF at NCEP, simulates the development of fast-growth errors in the analysis cycle, and is a reasonable choice in capturing growing errors modes, especially for extreme weather by BGM. An ideal supercell storm, simulated by Weather Research Forecast model (WRF), occurred in central Oklahoma on 20 May 1977. This simulation was used to study the application of BGM methods in the meso-scale strong convective Ensemble Prediction System (EPS). We compared the forecasting skills of EPS by different pertubation methods, like Monte-Carlo and BGM. The results show that the ensemble average forecast based on Monte-Carlo with statistics meaning is superior to the single-deterministic prediction, but a less dynamic process of the method leads to a smaller spread than expected. The fast-growth errors of BGM are comparable to the actual short-range forecast error and a more appropriate ensemble spread. Considering evaluation indexes and scores, the forecast skills of EPS by BGM is higher than Monte-Carlo’s. Furthermore, various breeding cycles have different effects on precipitation and non-precipitation fields, confirmation of reasonable cycles need consider balance between variables.  相似文献   

Feeding Habits And Natural Diet of the Intertidal Crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus: Opportunistic Browser or Selective Feeder?     

Pachygrapsus marmoratus 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2002,54(6):983

  相似文献   

池养条件下军曹鱼仔鱼的消化道内容物   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

汤保贵 陈刚施钢  吴灶和 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(1):12-16

采用光镜解剖观察的方法对池塘培育的1-20日龄军曹鱼仔鱼消化道内容物的种类、数量和大小进行研究。结果显示：军曹鱼仔鱼于2日龄开口，主要摄食桡足类无节幼体和桡足幼体及枝角类；在2～20日龄阶段，桡足类在军曹鱼仔鱼食谱中占据主要成分；从13日龄开始摄食虾、蟹类幼体等大型浮游动物，两个阶段的食物选择性指数存在显著差异。  相似文献   

POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION OF CALCIUM IN SEAWATER   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

谢式南  纪红  吴爱琴  陈国华 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1997,15(1):32-35

Atpasent,thestandardmethodfordetendningcalciuminseawateriscomPlexometrictitrationusingEGTA[ethyleneglycol-bis(2-adrinoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraaceticacid]andGHAtelyoxal-bis(2-hydroxyanil)].ThisInethodwasfirStdeveopedbyTSunogaietal.(l968),sumrnarindbyKremling,andeditalinMethodsofSeawaterAnalySisbyGrasshoff(l983).AlthoughtheendpointreadingsinthismethodarenotquitCsharp,andrnaybeaffCCtedbyoveanstweather,withtheuseofcalctumISEasindicatingeledrode,SCEasreferenceeledrodeanddigitalvoltme…  相似文献