大连湾60多年来生态环境地质演化   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

林景星  张静等 《地质学报》2001,75(4):527-536

依据对大连湾60多年来沉积柱的生态环境地质演化研究，发现其污染变化可以分为3个时期：①1933－1974年为洁净时段；②1974－1989年为污染较重时段；③1989－1997年为严重污染时段。若视第一时段的污染度为0，则第二时段的污染度为第一时段的8倍，第三时段的污染度为第一时段的25倍，可见污染度增加是非常迅速和严重的。其中Cd、Pb、As、S、Zn5种元素含量增加最快。1997年大连湾表面沉积物中Cd、Hg、Pb、As的含量分别为自然背景值的81．42倍、6．0倍、7．54倍、3．82倍，表明大连湾污染的严重性。研究发现自1950年以来大连湾生物多样性急剧下降，说明污染度增加已对生命健康造成严惩的影响。大连湾的臭水套已成为一个生物多样性异常低下的、超级污染的环境，是一颗巨大的隐性化学定时炸弹。  相似文献   

Modelling the Quaternary evolution of shore platforms and erosional continental shelves     

A. S. Trenhaile 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2001,26(10):1103-1128

A mathematical model was used to investigate the effect of glacially induced fluctuations in sea level on the evolution of wave‐cut shore platforms and erosional continental shelves during the Quaternary. The model used two deep‐water wave sets, which were used to calculate breaker height and depth, and the force of the waves at the waterline, according to the width and bottom roughness of the surf zone and the gradient of the submarine slope. The model also incorporated an erosional threshold related to the strength of the rocks, the number of hours each year in which the water level is at each intertidal elevation and the amount and persistence of the debris at the cliff foot. Most runs were made using a sea level model that consisted of 26 glacial cycles from 2 million to 0·9 million years ago, and nine, of approximately twice the amplitude and wavelength, in the last 0·9 million years. The model emphasized the dynamic association between the contemporary intertidal platform and the continental shelf. Both surfaces trend towards a state of static equilibrium under oscillating sea level conditions, when attenuated waves are unable to continue eroding the rock. If there has not been enough time to reduce the gradient of the shallower portions of the continental shelf, however, intertidal shore platforms can be in a temporary, though possibly long‐lasting, state of dynamic equilibrium. The model suggests that most platforms are, at least in part, inherited from one, or in many cases more, interglacial stages when sea level was similar to today's. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

交通经济带的基础理论及其生命周期模式研究   总被引：37，自引：3，他引：37  

韩增林  杨荫凯  张文尝  尤飞 《地理科学》2000,20(4):295-300

随着生产力的发展，区域经济系统的空间演化与交通运输线的联系日益密切，一种依托交通干线不断集散、融合人口、产业、城镇、物流、能流、信息流的线状空间地域综合体不断生长并迅速发展，我们将这种独特的空间地域综合体称为交通经济带（Ｔｒａｆｆｉｃ Ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃ Ｂｅｌｔ）。本文系统阐述了交通经济带的基本概念、基本类型、基本性质，并创建性地提出了交通经济带的生命周期理论。  相似文献   

影响CT球管寿命的非质量因素     

刘印祥  冯永格 《CT理论与应用研究》1996,5(4):38-39

影响ＣＴ球管寿命的非质量因素是指对其使用寿命的长短产生影响的因素。笔者通过对多年工作实践的总结，从操作技术、维修保养等方面探讨诸因素对ＣＴ球管寿命的影响。  相似文献   

延长日立CT-HSF机X线管寿命九倍半     

张延武 《CT理论与应用研究》1992,(4)

CT机X线管球是组成整机的重要部件之一,由于其价格昂贵,所以设法延长管球的使用寿命一直是 CT 维修工程师的努力目标。早几年曾提出用降低管电压,管电流输出的方法以期达到管球延寿的目的,这在理论上和实际上是可行的,但笔者认为它是以牺牲图像质量为代价换取的。根据 X 线管这一电真空器件的原理,作者力图从稳定 X 线管的输入、电流,尽力降低管球的工作温度,以及根据该机管球灯丝加温电路的特点,设法稳定电源频率等方面进行试尝,经过努力和各措施的落实收到令人满意的效果,使管球工作6年,连续曝光时间达到5646小时,超过原设计寿命(600小时)的9.4倍,成为目前国内同类机型中寿命最长的管球。  相似文献   

我国早期生命进化研究的进展和展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈孟莪 《地球科学进展》1993,8(2):9-13

概述了中国在晚前寒武纪——寒武纪生物化石群研究多方面(尤其是大化石)的主要成就。其中,近年发现的震旦纪陡山沱期化石生物(包括庙河生物群和蓝田植物群),对植物界的进化说来是个重要阶段;早寒武世澄江生物群(包括软躯体生物和软部保存的带骨骼生物)早于国外著名的布吉斯页岩生物群,逼近了带骨骼动物最初的爆发式辐射期。这些珍稀化石的研究将促进对早期生物进化历程的重新认识。这个研究领域有无可限量的前景。  相似文献   

新时期弱震区地市级地震局(办)的改革思路和对策     

卢海宾 《华北地震科学》1993,(4)

在现阶段由计划经济转向社会主义市场经济的新形势下,本文就地市地震局(办)的自身性质,提出了弱震区地震局(办)改革的总体构想和思路,并从管理理论出发就人才生命周期的特点,提出拓宽业务领域,强化科研意识,引进竞争机制,完善服务手段等对策。对目前地方地震队伍的发展提出了方向性意见和预测。  相似文献   

Lower Pleistocene deltaic and marine sediments in boreholes from the central North Sea     

Martyn S. Stoker  Alistair J. A. Bent 《第四纪科学杂志》1987,2(2):87-96

Lower Pleistocene sediments recovered in boreholes from the Aberdeen Ground Formation in the central North Sea indicate that the unit was deposited in a delta front to prodelta/shallow, open shelf marine setting. Possible estuarine and clastic nearshore marine deposits have been identified on the western margin of the basin. The delta front sediments consist of interbedded, structureless to laminated sands and muds with organic debris, ferruginous nodules and common soft sediment deformation structures. Sporadic rippled and graded beds, basal scours to beds and starved ripples suggest periodic wave–current reworking. Prodelta/shelf marine sediments are predominantly argillaceous with only occasional thin sand beds and rare phosphatic bands. One exceptionally thick sand body or submarine channel-fill although this remains uncertain. The estuarine/clastic nearshore marine sediments include coarse channel-lag deposits and rippled and laminated subtidal sands. A rich microfossil assemblage recovered from the prodelta/shelf marine sequence indicates that deposition occurred under fluctuating climatic conditions.  相似文献   

永恒的回忆——写在父亲逝世10周年之际          下载免费PDF全文

李亮  李爽 《第四纪研究》2002,22(1):85-94

我们的父亲出生在一个淳朴的农民家庭,简朴的生活培育了他对故土、对人民深厚朴素的感情。他为人正直,性情豁达,襟怀坦荡。在遭遇坎坷时,始终对生活充满热爱和信心。父亲作为中国老一代的土壤学家,为了中国土壤科学的发展和农业生产的进步呕心沥血,经常奔波忙碌在祖国各地。在他主持和参加过的工作中,如西藏和新疆等地的农业综合科学考察、湖南南山牧场的建设和华北黄淮海盐碱地治理等主要工作中,处处体现出他的爱国之心和敬业精神,使我们深受教育,激励着我们永远前进。  相似文献   

Growth of Daphnia magna males and females fed with the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa and the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus in different proportions     

Miquel Lürling  Wendy Beekman 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2006,34(4):375-382

Laboratory experiments were used to study the sensitivity of both male and female Daphnia magna to a toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa. Male and female D. magna were fed with M. aeruginosa and a green alga (Scenedesmus obliquus) in different mixtures that included 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% Microcystis. Growth of both males and females declined with increasing proportion of Microcystis in the diet. Males were slightly less sensitive to Microcystis than females with EC₅₀ for growth inhibition at 72% and 63% Microcystis in the diet, respectively. On monospecific Microcystis diet, mortality rates for males (0.16 d^–1) and females (0.17 d^–1) were similar. The reproductive rate of females was the most sensitive endpoint with an EC₅₀ of 42% Microcystis in the diet, whereas population growth rates were the least sensitive (EC₅₀ of 74% Microcystis). Microcystis in the diet severely depressed growth and reproduction in Daphnia and poses a severe threat to its survival in which only a switch in reproductive strategy might provide Daphnia a refuge to a Microcystis environment that gradually becomes uninhabitable.  相似文献