Evaluation of mouse bioassay results in an inter-laboratory comparison for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹际娟  郑江  于兵  王秋艳  徐君怡  李爱峰 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(4):912-916

An inter-laboratory comparison of the AOAC mouse bioassay for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxicity in shellfish was carried out among 25 Chinese laboratories to examine the overall performance for PSP testing in China, and to analyze the main factors affecting the performance of this method. The toxic scallop Patinopecten yessoensis collected from coast of Bohai Sea, China, was used as a test sample in the comparison study. The results were reported and evaluated using robust statistical methods. The z scores showed that 80%, 8%, and 12% of laboratories reported satisfactory results, unsatisfactory results, and questionable results, respectively. This evaluation demonstrates that the PSP mouse bioassay is an appropriate method for screening and testing PSP toxicity in shellfish. However, it was found that the experience and skill of technicians, as well as the body weight and health status of mice being used significantly affected the accuracy of the method.  相似文献   

Effect of human activity on Lake Saroma (Japan) during the past 150 years: Evidence by variation of diatom assemblages     

Kota Katsuki  Koji Seto  Ritsuo Nomura  Kimihiko Maekawa  Boo-Keun Khim 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Diatom assemblages of the surface and in core sediment samples from Lake Saroma (Japan) were examined for the purpose of evaluating anthropogenic effect on the coastal environmental changes. Before the first inlet excavation, the lake's water quality and ecology were controlled by water exchange with the Okhotsk Sea as well as lake-level variation. However, large-scale ecological modification occurred, mainly due to artificial excavation and shellfish industrial farms. A distinct record of the succession of the dominant diatom taxa was preserved in core sediments. Low-oxygen water was prevalent in the lake in 1929, before the first inlet excavation. Immediately after the first inlet excavation, the low-oxygen water in the western basin of the lake began to disappear, in a trend that became increasing transparent, which has been attributed to an increasing rate of water exchange. However, the lacustrine environment of bottom sediments resumes deterioration 20 years after since the first artificial excavation: the resultant deposition of river-mouth materials into the deep basin caused eutrophication and environmental disturbance of the lake bottom. At the same time, the eutrophication of surface water became intensified with the onset of intense scallop culturing beginning in 1966. Increasing organic loads deposited onto the bottom layer in the form of excreta from the scallop nursery led to more oxygen deficiency and the elution of nitrogen and phosphorus from the sediment, which again brought about eutrophication of the surface layer. Such environmental change was reflected in a decrease of benthic diatom taxa and an increase of planktonic taxa, trends which have continued until today. Particularly, the numbers of diatom assemblage have been decreasing all over the lake during the last 10 years, which suggests that Lake Saroma's present-day deterioration and eutrophication will continue or become even worse.  相似文献   

自然环境下虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)体内麻痹性贝毒的净化研究     

宋涛  刘磊  宋晓萍  梁玉波  庄国宏 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(12):170-174

为探究在自然环境中虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis体内麻痹性贝毒(PSTs)的净化过程,从黄海北部大窑湾海域采集了受PSTs污染的虾夷扇贝,将其转移至黄海的棋盘磨水域,该水域未曾有PSTs污染的报道。本研究采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法(HPLC-FLD)检测30天净化过程中虾夷扇贝体内PSTs的组分和水平。研究结果发现,在第9天,虾夷扇贝软体中的PSTs的含量下降到一个相对较低的水平。而且,初期扇贝体内PSTs的净化率高于后期。扇贝各组织器官中PSTs含量分析发现,消化腺中的PSTs含量最高,这对于人类健康和扇贝养殖具有重要的意义。在本研究中还发现,虾夷扇贝的死亡率与PSTs的水平有一定的关系。  相似文献   

Interactions between a natural food web,shellfish farming and exotic species: The case of the Bay of Mont Saint Michel (France)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

F. Arbach Leloup  N. Desroy  P. Le Mao  D. Pauly  O. Le Pape 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

To ensure sustainable uses of the coastal zone, an integrated ecosystemic approach and ecosystem models are required to frame ecological processes and evaluate environmental impacts. Here, a mass-balance trophic (Ecopath) model of the Mont Saint Michel Bay (MSMB) was developed, to analyze the bay's functioning as an ecosystem. This bay, intensively exploited by fishing and for shellfish farming, is also suffering from the proliferation of the gastropod Crepidula fornicata, an exotic species.  相似文献   

广东沿海牡蛎体的麻痹性毒素与评价     

杨美兰  林燕棠  全桂英 《广东海洋大学学报》1999,(3)

根据１９９０～１９９７ 年间广东沿海１７ 个采样点的牡蛎体的麻痹性毒素检测数据，阐述了广东沿海三个岸段牡蛎体中的麻痹性毒素的含量水平、地理分布、季节差异以及麻痹性毒素在牡蛎体中的分布。为我国沿海麻痹性贝类毒素中毒事件的防治提供基础数据。  相似文献   

深圳海域麻痹性贝类毒素含量特征     

杨美兰  林燕棠  全桂英 《广东海洋大学学报》2000,20(4):13-17

根据 1996～ 1997年间深圳海域 (大亚湾和大鹏湾 ) 13种贝类 (华贵栉孔扇贝、马氏珍珠贝、翡翠贻贝、波纹巴非蛤、毛蚶、栉江瑶、联珠蚶、文蛤、棕带仙女蛤、僧帽牡蛎、菲律宾蛤仔、习见蛙螺和近江牡蛎 )体中的麻痹性毒素的检测数据 ,阐述了贝类麻痹性毒素的含量水平、年际变化、PSP中毒事件以及与其它海区贝类 PSP的比较  相似文献   

环境因素对西施舌稚贝生长发育的影响     

刘德经  张克存  黄德尧 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(3):31-35

在室内控制条件下,研究了几种环境因素对西施舌稚贝生长发育的影响。结果表明,西施舌稚贝最适生长温度为25.50~27.40℃,最适盐度为24.16~25.66,适应pH为7.5~8.5。壳长1 000~1 200μm的稚贝,在气温25℃与30℃时,干露时间不宜超过25 min;中砂有利于稚贝附着与生长。立体培育的西施舌稚贝,活动强、生长快。  相似文献   

Comparison of toxicity between populations of Gonyaulax tamarensis of eastern North American waters     

Lucie Maranda  Donald M. Anderson  Yuzuru Shimizu 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,21(3):401-410

Isolates of the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax tamarensis were established from benthic cysts or motile cells collected along the north-western Atlantic coast from the Bay of Fundy to Long Island. All clones were grown under the same conditions and assayed in a blind test for toxin content and composition. Differences in toxin content (μmouse unit per cell) spanning two orders of magnitude were found, with decreasing toxicity from north to south. Some isolates had undetectable toxin levels. The low toxicity of southern strains of G. tamarensis may explain the historical absence of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in areas where cysts and motile cells have been reported. The cause of the observed geographic pattern is unknown, but is does suggest that there may be an environmentally-determined southern limit to the regional PSP problem.Qualitative data on the toxin composition of some clones indicate that saxitoxin, neosaxitoxin and gonyautoxins -II, -III and -IV are generally present. A more quantitative approach (i.e. one which examines each isolate for all of the 12 Gonyaulax toxins) is needed to fully utilize the potential of toxin composition in discriminating between strains.  相似文献   

Artificial reef effect and fouling impacts on offshore wave power foundations and buoys – a pilot study     

Olivia Langhamer  Dan Wilhelmsson  Jens Engström 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Little is known about the effects of offshore energy installations on the marine environment, and further research could assist in minimizing environmental risks as well as in enhancing potential positive effects on the marine environment. While biofouling on marine energy conversion devices on one hand has the potential to be an engineering concern, these structures can also affect biodiversity by functioning as artificial reefs. The Lysekil Project is a test park for wave power located at the Swedish west coast. Here, buoys acting as point absorbers on the surface are connected to generators anchored on concrete foundations on the seabed. In this study we investigated the colonisation of foundations by invertebrates and fish, as well as fouling assemblages on buoys. We examined the influence of surface orientation of the wave power foundations on epibenthic colonisation, and made observations of habitat use by fish and crustaceans during three years of submergence. We also examined fouling assemblages on buoys and calculated the effects of biofouling on the energy absorption of the wave power buoys. On foundations we demonstrated a succession in colonisation over time with a higher degree of coverage on vertical surfaces. Buoys were dominated by the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Calculations indicated that biofouling have no significant effect in the energy absorption on a buoy working as a point absorber. This study is the first structured investigation on marine organisms associated with wave power devices.  相似文献   

Acoustic habitat and shellfish mapping and monitoring in shallow coastal water – Sidescan sonar experiences in The Netherlands     

Ronnie van Overmeeren  Johan Craeymeersch  Jan van Dalfsen  Frouke Fey  Sytze van Heteren  Erik Meesters 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Sidescan sonar has been applied in a number of shallow water environments along the Dutch coast to map and monitor shellfish and seabed habitats. The littoral setting of these surveys may hamper data acquisition flying the towfish in zones of turbulence and waves, but also offers valuable opportunities for understanding, interpreting and validating sidescan sonar images because of the ability to ground-truth during low water periods, enabling easy identification and validation. Acoustical images of some of the mussel banks on the tidal flats of the Wadden Sea, recorded at high tide, show a marked resemblance with optical Google Earth images of the same banks. These sonar images may thus serve as ‘acoustic type signatures’ for the interpretation of sonar patterns recorded in deeper water where ground-truthing is more difficult and more expensive. Similarly, acoustic type signatures of (Japanese) oyster banks were obtained in the estuaries in the southwest of the Netherlands.  相似文献