南海北部声散射季节变化          下载免费PDF全文

高爽  杨光兵  熊学军 《海岸工程》2022,41(2):144-152

声散射是重要的声学现象,海洋水体产生的高频声散射信号既可用于开展多种目的的声学海洋学研究,也可能对水下声学设备产生干扰,而海洋水体背景声散射具有显著的时空变异特征,因此针对特定海区开展声散射时变观测具有重要意义。本文利用在南海北部布放的锚系系统所搭载的声学多普勒流速剖面仪,获取了覆盖4个季节的累计约80 d的声散射数据,数据包括75 kHz和300 kHz两个频段,观测水深几乎覆盖了从海面到约600 m水深的整个水体。结果表明,水体在垂向上分布着上散射层和深散射层2个主要散射层。上散射层分布深度在冬夏较浅,位于约100 m以浅,在春秋较深,位于约200 m以浅;深散射层分布深度同样为冬季最浅,位于约300 m以深,但夏季则最深,位于约400 m以深。因此,两散射层的距离在夏季最远,在春秋最近。2个散射层的声散射强度（Sv）同样具有明显的季节变化,上散射层散射强度夏秋较强而春冬较弱,深散射层则正好相反。  相似文献   

声速剖面EOF表示对多波束水深数据的影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙文川  暴景阳  金绍华 《海洋测绘》2014,34(6):21-24,28

基于实测数据,将测区内声速剖面进行EOF表示,进而采用常梯度分层声线跟踪法对EOF表示的声速剖面和实测声速剖面进行比对,统计有效波束比。比对结果表明:采用EOF表示的声速剖面进行的水深数据改正能够满足多波束水深测量的精度指标要求,论证了采用EOF方法表示多波束勘测水深声速剖面场的有效性。  相似文献   

深海主跃层环境对会聚区影响的数值分析     

王磊  王克平 《海洋测绘》2014,(1):40-42

应用BELLHOP模式,对声速剖面的声跃层结构变化引起会聚区偏移特征进行了分析。结果表明,声速垂直结构的变化可导致会聚区位置出现不同程度的偏移:跃层强度增加0.01 s-1将使会聚区向远离声源方向偏移1.5~2.0km;跃层厚度增大50m将使会聚区向靠近声源方向偏移0.3~0.5km;跃层位置加深100m将使会聚区向远离声源方向偏移0.5~1.0km。在跃层的三个特征量中,跃层强度起主导作用。跃层强度变化引起的声线在海洋次表层的偏折差异,进而导致进入深海等温层的入射角差异,是使会聚区发生偏移的决定性因素。  相似文献   

Tests of new in-situ seabed acoustic measurement system in Qingdao   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

侯正瑜  郭常升  王景强  李会银  李铁刚 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1172-1178

A new in-situ seabed acoustic measurement system is developed for direct in-situ measurement of sediment geoacoustic properties （compressional wave velocity and attenuation）. The new in-situ system consists of two parts： the deck control unit and the underwater measurement unit. The underwater measurement unit emits sonic waves that propagate through the seafloor sediment, receives the returning signals, and transmits them to the deck control unit for waveform display and analysis. The entire operation is controlled and monitored in real time by the deck control unit on the research vessel and can provide recording of full waveforms to determine the sound velocity and attenuation. This paper outlines the design of the system, the measurement process, and demonstrates its application in tests carded out on seabed sediment off the Qingdao coast, China. The test results show that the system performed well and rapidly provided accurate in-situ acoustic velocity and attenuation estimates of the seafloor sediment.  相似文献   

An exploration for deep-sea fish sounds off Vancouver Island from the NEPTUNE Canada ocean observing system     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

Our understanding of the significance of sound production to the ecology of deep-sea fish communities has improved little since anatomical surveys in the 1950s first suggested that sound production is widespread among slope-water fishes. The recent implementation of cabled ocean observatory networks around the world that include passive acoustic recording instruments provides scientists an opportunity to search for evidence of deep-sea fish sounds. We examined deep-sea acoustic recordings made at the NEPTUNE Canada Barkley Canyon Axis Pod (985 m) located off the west coast of Vancouver Island in the Northeast Pacific between June 2010 and May 2011 to determine the presence of fish sounds. A subset of over 300 5-min files was examined by selecting one day each month and analyzing one file for each hour over the 24 h day. Despite the frequent occurrence of marine mammal sounds, no examples of fish sounds were identified. However, we report examples of isolated unknown sounds that might be produced by fish, invertebrates, or more likely marine mammals. This finding is in direct contrast to recent smaller studies in the Atlantic where potential fish sounds appear to be more common. A review of the literature indicates 32 species found off British Columbia that potentially produce sound could occur in depths greater than 700 m but of these only Anoplopoma fimbria and Coryphaenoides spp. have been previously reported at the site. The lack of fish sounds observed here may be directly related to the low diversity and abundance of fishes present at the Barkley Canyon site. Other contributing factors include possible masking of low amplitude biological signals by self-generated noise from the platform instrumentation and ship noise. We suggest that examination of data both from noise-reduced ocean observatories around the world and from dedicated instrument surveys designed to search for deep-sea fish sounds to provide a larger-scale, more conclusive investigation into the role, or potential lack thereof, of sound production.  相似文献   

ESTIMATION OF SOUNDING ABILITY OF A BRILLOUIN LIDAR IN THE EAST CHINA SEA     

吴东宋小全  刘智深 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2001,19(3):193-199

Vertical profiles of sound speed in the sea can be measured by using laser excited Brillouin scattering. In this paper the dependence of the accuracy of sound speed measurement on the accuracy of the Brillouin shift measurement is analyzed. We calculated the maximum detecting depths of sound speed to an accuracy of 1 m/s by lidar with different laser pulse energy, platform altitude, telescope aperture and lidar effective attenuation coefficient. The estimation of sounding ability in the East China Sea is made in some stations. These data can be used in the design of Brillouin Lidar for the China Sea.  相似文献   

珠海地区凡纳滨对虾淡水养殖池浮游植物群落的演替     

张才学  劳赞  廖宝娇  黎运积 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(4):35-41

对珠海凡纳滨对虾淡水养殖池塘浮游植物及其理化因子进行了调查和分析,结果表明:调查中共检出浮游植物143种,优势种主要有林氏藻、螺旋鱼腥藻、小颤藻、微囊藻和点状平裂藻等,物种多样性指数在0.24~2.77之间,优势度与多样性指数呈显著的负相关,相关系数r=-0.984;而均匀度与多样性指数呈显著的正相关,相关系数r=0.967,养殖后期优势度不高,浮游植物的密度及化学因子的浓度到后期都有所上升,藻类密度的剧烈变化会引起氨氮和硫化氢含量的变化;藻类密度的波动滞后于无机氮的波动,群落演替具有突发性、时间短、速度快等特点。  相似文献   

GPS-RTK无验潮测深精度影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘文勇  郑晖 《测绘科学》2015,(11):7-12

针对目前GPS-RTK联合单波束无验潮测深虽然从理论上消除了潮位模型误差的影响,但未顾及测量船受风浪、海流、潮汐等作用引起的姿态影响、GPS与测深仪信号不同步的影响、测深仪信号延迟和水中声速变化的影响等问题,为了提高海洋测深成果的精度,文章在分析这些影响因素产生机理的基础上,结合当前常用的外业作业设备,仿真模拟了各种测深作业状况,并分别定量计算了各种状况下上述因素引起的定位和测深误差,然后依据分析计算结果,给出了相应的解决办法,可为测深外业作业人员区分误差量级,进而优化作业方案提供参考。  相似文献   

REQUIREMENTS OF SHRIMP, PENAEUS CHINENSIS O''''SBECK FOR POTASSIUM, SODIUM, MAGNESIUM AND IODINE   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘发义  李荷芳  王辉亮  梁德海  田玉川 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,(2)

Potassium, sodium, magnesium and iodine requirements of shrimp, Penaeus chinensis were studied.Orthogonal design was employed in this experiment. The composition of the basal diet consisted of fishmeal, peanut cake, corn meal, soybean cake, wheat bran, vitamin mix and mineral mix, and supple-mentations of potassium, sodium, magnesium and iodine in the basal diet were made according to theL_9(3~4) orthogonal table. The results indicatal that iodine supplementation improved growth of the shrimpsignificantly and raised survival very significanly, iodine requirement of the shrimp was 0.003%, sodiumrequirement was 0.87% or less; and that 1.1-1.3% potassium and 0.18-0.38% magnesium in the dietwere proper nutrition supplements for the shrimp.  相似文献   

广东省应大力发展海洋牧场     

刘思俭 《广东海洋大学学报》1995,(2)

综述了我国及广东省十多年来鱼虾种苗人工放流及人工鱼礁的投放情况，结合广东省广大海区的水温、盐度、ｐＨ值、海流、营养盐含量情况及天然饵料的种类、分布等，提出了除在大亚湾已设置了水产增殖站以外，还应该在广东东部的南澳和西部的湛江各设一个增殖站，会收到更大的效果。人工鱼礁应总结过去投放的经验，加强礁区管理，逐步解决投资与收益的关系问题，并进一步扩大投放人工鱼礁的地点和密度，把广东海区切实建成理想的海洋牧场。  相似文献