The anomalous variation of the lightning activity in southern China during the 1997/98 El Ni(n~)o event     

MA Ming  TAO Shanchang  ZHU Baoyou  L Weitao 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9)

This paper presents the EOF analysis results of the lightning density (LD) anomalies for the different seasons in southeastern China and Indochina Peninsula by using the OTD/LIS database (June 1995 to Feb. 2003) of the global LD with 2.5°×2.5° resolution offered by Global Hydrology Resource Center. It is shown that the LD positive anomalies in the region occurred at the same time of NINO3 SSTA steep increase in the spring of 1997 and remained to be a higher level till the next spring, as well the corresponding anomaly percent maximum in different seasons was 89%, 30%, 45%, 498% and 55% successively from the beginning to the end of the 1997/98 El Ni(~n)o event (ENSO). The centre of the LD positive anomalies for the spring or winter season is located at southeastern China and the adjacent coastal areas, but it for the summer or autumn season is located at the southern Indochina Peninsula and Gulf of Thailand, whose position for each season in the ENSO as contrasted with the normal years has a westward shift, and especially for winter or spring season a northward shift at the same time. In addition, an analysis of the interannual variations in the LD anomaly percent, convective precipitation and H-CAPE days in southern China shows that each among the three anomaly percents is correlative with the other for the positive anomaly zone and Kuroshio area. The relative variation of LD during the El Ni (~n)o period is the highest among the three rates and is larger than that during the non-El Ni(~n)o period, meaning that the response of lightning activities to the ENSO is the most sensitive in both areas. But the response of lightning activities and precipitation to the ENSO appears to be more complex and diversified either in Kuroshio area or in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and northwestern and northeastern China.  相似文献   

岳城水库控制流域暴雨洪水的时程分布规律及分期划分研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

邹鹰  郭方  沈国昌  王银堂 《水科学进展》2006,17(2):265-270

从两个方面全面分析了岳城水库控制流域的暴雨洪水时程分布及分期规律:一是根据实测水文资料,通过统计暴雨日数,典型历时年最大降水量、年最大洪峰流量和5日洪量在各旬出现的频率,对流域暴雨洪水时程分布特性进行了多方面的综合分析;二是通过对流域所处地区暴雨形成的天气成因分析,为前述的统计分析结果提供必要的成因基础.还利用旬平均降雨量的相对系数来确定汛期的起止时间.分析结果表明,岳城水库控制流域的暴雨洪水时程分布具有比较明显的变化规律,其中有一个时期暴雨洪水出现的次数多、量级大,主汛期特征显著,汛期可以划分为3个分期,即前汛期、主汛期和后汛期.  相似文献   

珠江口磨刀门枯季水文特征及河口动力过程   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

贾良文  吴超羽  任杰  雷亚平  周水华 《水科学进展》2006,17(1):82-88

根据磨刀门2003年12月9~15日的大、中潮同步水文观测资料,分析了磨刀门枯季的潮汐、潮流、余流、悬移质含沙量、盐度等水文特征,并对枯季河口动力过程,如咸淡水混合、河口射流等进行了初步研究。在枯季由于径流较弱,潮流成为主要动力。表层由于受径流和风的影响余流基本上沿河道走向向下游,中层以下有稳定的向上的余流存在。枯季磨刀门含沙量较小(<1 kg/m3),盐度在平面上和垂向上均有一定变化。磨刀门枯季咸淡水混合类型为缓混合型,各站盐度分层参数均在0.01~1.0。从实测流速的分布情况来看,河口下层有反向的水流,存在明显的因密度差而形成的密度环流。根据枯季实测资料计算所得的密度弗劳德数,磨刀门枯季以浮力射流为主。  相似文献   

基于季节分异的太湖叶绿素浓度反演模型研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

乐成峰  李云梅  孙德勇  王海君 《遥感学报》2007,11(4):473-480

叶绿素浓度反演算法主要有经验方法、半经验/分析方法和分析方法,其中半经验/分析方法应用最为广泛。但是反演的模型以及模型中的参数和反演精度都随着水体中叶绿素浓度的变化而改变。不同的季节水体中叶绿素浓度不同,水体反射光谱曲线特征和与叶绿素浓度相关性较高的敏感波段也不一致,使得各季节选用的反演模型和模型中的参数也存在一定的差异。本文在对2005年1—10月份叶绿素a（Chla）浓度季节差异进行分析的基础上,对4—10月份同步测量的水体光谱数据分春、夏、秋三个季节进行分析,分季节建立叶绿素浓度反演模型,并对它们进行比较,旨在为各季节选择最佳的反演模型。研究结果表明：春季和秋季选用波段比值算法反演精度较高,其中对数模型,线性模型和一元二次模型都有较高的相关性;夏季选用微分算法较好,该算法所建立的三种模型均具有较高的相关性。  相似文献   

中国汛期月降水量年际异常型的相关性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

简茂球  陈文  乔云亭  罗会邦 《热带气象学报》2007,23(4):333-340

用1958～2000年中国160站月降水量通过经验正交函数分解方法研究了中国汛期4～9月相邻及相隔月份降水量年际变化异常型的相关性。结果表明,就相邻月份而言,当5月份中国东南部地区降水偏多（少）,则6月份长江中下游至江南地区的降水也偏多（少）;7月长江流域的降水量异常与8月长江和黄河之间地区的降水量异常有很好的同号性;8月沿江西-湖南-广西一带的降水偏多（少）,则9月在华南中、东部的降水也偏多（少）。另外,对相隔月份,6月南方的降水量与8月广西北部-湖南-江西一带的降水量有显著的反相关系;而7月广西北部-湖南-江西一带的降水量则与9月华南中东部降水量有显著反相关。  相似文献   

SSTA SIGNAL CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS OVER THE INDIAN OCEAN DURING RAINY SEASON IN CHINA     

晏红明  严华生  谢应齐 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2001,7(2):122-130

The teleconnection distribution characteristics of sea surface temperature (SST) over the India Ocean and the precipitation during rainy season in China were studied by using the methods of EOF and CCA. The results indicate that the change of SST field will affect the change of rain belt during rainy seasons in China, and greatly affect the precipitation in northwest and southwest China, the Yangzi and Yellow River downstream basins. Strong signal phenomena of SSTA over India Ocean were revealed that showed the anomalous distribution of drought and flood in China. It shows that the precipitation during rainy seasons in China may be forecast by analyzing SST distribution characteristics over the India Ocean.  相似文献   

青藏高原雪盖与东亚季风异常对华南前汛期降水的影响   总被引：26，自引：2，他引：24       下载免费PDF全文

蔡学湛 《应用气象学报》2001,12(3):358-367

应用华南25个站1954~1998年4~6月降水量资料以及有关青藏高原雪盖异常年份资料和东亚季风强度指数, 通过典型旱涝年前期对比诊断与相关分析, 指出青藏高原雪盖对华南前汛期降水的影响相当显著, 前冬春多 (少) 雪年有利于前汛期雨涝 (干旱); 典型旱、涝年前冬500 hPa中高纬环流特征显然不同, 主要表现在典型旱 (涝) 年北半球极涡强度显著偏弱 (强)、东亚大槽强度偏强 (弱); 东亚季风, 特别是冬季风的强弱变化, 对前汛期降水具有较强的指示意义。同时还发现, 在青藏高原西侧的伊朗高原及邻近地区冬季500 hPa高度升降变化, 可作为华南前汛期降水一个强的前期征兆信号。  相似文献   

偏东小风在武汉市秋冬季重污染形成过程中的作用     

郑翔  覃军  梁胜文 《南京气象学院学报》2018,10(5):536-546

综合运用了多元资料（环境空气质量监测资料、地面气象观测资料、L波段雷达探空资料、风廓线雷达探空资料和再分析资料）和多种方法（后向轨迹追踪、聚类分析、潜在源区贡献法和数值模拟）,研究了武汉地区特殊气象条件对重污染过程的影响,揭示了偏东小风所带来的外源污染物对形成严重污染日的贡献.主要研究结论如下：1）后向轨迹追踪分析表明,武汉地区严重污染日气流主要为来自安徽南部（47.5%）的偏东小风,模拟结果也显示偏东气流、偏北气流与局地环流共同作用,在武汉地区形成一个局地涡旋,成为反复污染带,加重了武汉地区的污染程度;2）利用潜在源区贡献法（PSCF）分析发现,武汉市秋冬季的潜在源区主要是安徽、江苏、山东、河南、湖南、江西以及武汉周边地区,因此在冬季大范围污染背景下,跨区域的联防联控（尤其是安徽南部地区）才能有效地减少武汉市秋冬季的重污染日.  相似文献   

江南雨季降水与前期西太平洋暖池热含量异常的关系及其可能机制          下载免费PDF全文

任倩  祁莉  詹丰兴  何金海 《大气科学学报》2018,41(6):762-774

利用日本气象厅提供的历史海温资料、Hadley环流中心逐月海表温度(Sea Surface Temperature,简称SST)资料、美国NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及江南地区逐旬降水资料,研究江南地区4—6月(江南雨季,亦泛称为华南前汛期)降水与前期暖池热含量异常的关系,并对可能的影响机制进行分析。研究结果表明,前期暖池热含量与江南雨季降水有密切的负相关关系,前期7—8月暖池关键区(130. 5°～150. 5°E,3. 5°～11. 5°N)热含量高(低)可以作为预报江南雨季旱(涝)的一个很好的指标。前期暖池热含量异常对4—6月环流和降水有重要影响。冷水年,菲律宾异常反气旋导致副高西伸加强,显著加强了其西侧暖湿气流向江南地区输送,高层辐散抽吸作用导致江南地区对流上升运动增强,暖水年相反,表明冷(暖)水年江南雨季降水偏多(少)。就影响机制而言,在前期夏季,关键区南侧存在异常强西风,导致在秋末形成了菲律宾异常反气旋,以及关键区附近(东侧)有冷(暖)海表温度异常发展,在当年春季和夏初该反气旋移到菲律宾以北。直到4月,次表层冷水团上传导致冷SST异常维持并加强了该异常反气旋,其西侧西南暖湿气流将水汽从南海和菲律宾海地区源源不断地向江南地区输送。同时,西印度洋暖海温和赤道印度洋东风异常也逐渐发展增强,在热带印度洋形成东西向异常垂直环流,其下沉支始终在西太平洋维持,导致了菲律宾异常反气旋的维持,并进一步引起江南地区的水汽辐合和上升运动。同时,副热带西风急流轴南压引起的高空强辐散,也有利于上升运动和对流活动在江南地区发展。正是上述过程和机制,导致了前期热含量异常偏低(高)时,我国江南雨季降水偏多(少)。  相似文献   

The spatiotemporal responses of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus euphratica</Emphasis> to global warming in Chinese oases between 1960 and 2015     

Wenxia Zhang  Puxing Liu  Qingrong Feng  Tianguang Wang  Tianqiang Wang 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,28(5):579-594

Daily average temperature data from 48 meteorological stations in Chinese oases that are within the distribution area of Populus euphratica were analyzed to determine the spatiotemporal responses of this tree to climate change. Specifically, the start and end date as well as the number of days that comprised the growing season were analyzed with a multi-year trend line and using the Mann-Kendall mutation test, inverse distance weighted interpolation (IDW) in the software ArcGIS, a Morlet wavelet power spectrum, and correlation analysis. The results of this study show that, over the last 56 years, the start date of the P. euphratica growing season has advanced, while the end date has been postponed, and the number of days that comprise the growing season have gradually increased. The changing trend rates recovered in this analysis for these three time slices are -1.34 d/10 a, 1.33 d/10a, and 2.66 d/10a (α ≥ 0.001), respectively. Data show that while spatial disparity is extremely significant, it is nevertheless the case that along a southwest-to-northeast transect of Chinese oases, the later the start date of the P. euphratica season, the sooner the end data and the shorter the growing season. Mutations points in start and end date, as well as for the growing season overall were observed in 2001, 1989, and 1996, respectively, and the data presented in this paper show that, in particular, the date of this end of this period is most sensitive to climate warming. Growing season cycles for P. euphratica are between 3.56 years and 7.14 years, consistent with the periodicity of El Ni?o events, while a start date cycle between 3.56 years and 4.28 years is consistent with atmospheric circulation cyclicity. The causal analysis presented in this paper shows that the Asian polar vortex area index (APVAI), the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau index (TPI), the westerly circulation index (WCI), and carbon dioxide emissions (CDE) are the main factors influencing spatiotemporal changes in the growth of P. euphratica, the effect of latitude during the growing season is more significant than altitude, and the start date of the growing season is more significantly influenced by these factors than end date. In addition, data show that the start date, end date, and length of the growing season are all significantly correlated with their average corresponding monthly temperature (correlation coefficients are -0.875, 0.770, and 0.897; α≥0.001). Thus, if the average temperature in March increases by 1℃, the start date of the growing season will advance by 2.21 days, while if the average temperature in October increases by the same margin then the seasonal end date will be delayed by 2.76 days. Similarly, if the average temperature between March and October increases by 1℃, the growing season will be extended by 7.78 days. The results of this study corroborate the fact that changes in the P. euphratica growing are sensitive to regional warming and are thus of considerable theoretical significance to our understanding of the responses of Chinese vegetation to climate change as well as to ecological restoration.  相似文献