A Comparison of Growth Biomarkers for Assessing Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on a Marine Gastropod, Nassarius festivus     

K. T. WO  PAUL K. S. LAM  RUDOLF S. S. WU 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):165-173

The effect of cadmium on the growth of an intertidal marine gastropod, Nassarius festivus, was investigated using a number of biomarkers namely conventional measurements in terms of increase in shell length or body weight, scope for growth (SfG) and RNA/DNA ratio. After eight days of cadmium exposure, the no observable effect concentration (NOEC) and lowest observable effect concentration (LOEC) for the rate of increase in wet weight were 1.00 and 1.38 mg/l, respectively, while those for shell length did not show any significant difference from the control until day 16. After 16 days of cadmium exposure, the LOEC for both shell length and wet weight measurements was 0.22 mg/l. The 8-day SfG test was sensitive to cadmium stress, showing a significant decrease at 0.16 mg/l cadmium when compared to the control. The NOEC and LOEC of RNA/DNA ratio determination were 0.52 and 0.93 mg/l, respectively. An assessment based on sensitivity and technical complexity suggests that Scope for Growth is the most sensitive growth biomarker, followed by the RNA/DNA ratio, and then the conventional growth measurement based on shell size and body weight.  相似文献   

青藏高原的隆起与海洋锶同位素组成的演化   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

李春雷  陈骏 《地球科学进展》1999,14(6):582-588

近年来,随着构造隆升驱动气候变化假说的提出,青藏高原的隆起受到越来越多的关注,并将之与大陆化学风化速率及海洋锶同位素的演化紧密联系。围绕青藏高原的隆升及其环境与气候效应,对海洋锶同位素组成的演化特征及其影响因素的较为全面而详细的论述表明:将青藏高原的隆升与全球气候变化、大陆化学风化速率及海洋锶同位素组成的演化相联系,也许是解决目前关于海洋锶同位素组成的演化及其物源问题的重要手段,根据海洋锶同位素的演化历史来研究全球气候变化规律及青藏高原的构造演化历史将是本研究领域的重点。  相似文献   

The effects of in-cloud mass production on atmospheric light scatter     

Brett A. Yuskiewicz  F. Stratmann  W. Birmili  A. Wiedensohler  E. Swietlicki  O. Berg  J. Zhou 《Atmospheric Research》1999,50(3-4)

Direct physical measurements of particle mass and number concentration indicate an increase in overall aerosol mass resulting from cloud processing, most likely through aqueous-phase chemistry (e.g., SO₂ oxidation). Measurements conducted in the Pennines of Northern England reveal an average increase of 14 to 20% in dry aerosol mass (0.003<particle diameter<0.9 μm) after aerosol passage through an orographic cloud. The rate of in-cloud mass production is most sensitive to changes in upwind particle size distributions, SO₂ concentration, and cloud water acidity. Newly-formed mass appears in size range between 200 and 600 nm and enhances the bimodality of the particle number distribution after cloud processing. Furthermore, the cloud-produced mass is estimated to increase total light scattering, b_sp, by 18 to 24%. The scattering efficiency of the dry, cloud-generated aerosol is 5.0±0.3 m² g⁻¹ and increases to 7.4±0.7 m² g⁻¹ when adjusted to 90% relative humidity by incorporating particle hygroscopicity data.  相似文献   

中肋骨条藻和新月菱形藻对营养盐的吸收速率及环境因素影响的研究   总被引：19，自引：4，他引：15  

李铁  史致丽  仇赤斌  王巧玲 《海洋与湖沼》1999,30(6):640-645

于１９９５年３月－－１９９６年１月,通过实验室模拟培养,研究了中肋骨条菏和新月菱形藻对磷酸盐和硝酸盐的吸收速率,以及温度、光照等环境因素对新月菱形藻吸收磷酸盐的影响。结果表明,用Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌｉｓ－Ｍｅｎｔｏｎ方程处理,求得中肋骨条藻和新月菱形藻吸收磷酸盐的半饱和常数分别为０．６１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ和０．４８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,吸收硝酸半饱和常数分别为７．８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ和６．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,新月菱形藻对磷酸盐  相似文献   

Das Verhalten des Mikroorganismus Metallogenium spec. in einer kontinuierlichen Kultur     

Andreas Herschel 《Limnologica》1999,29(2):195

A series of 7 growth experiments with Metallogenium sp. was conducted in a flow-through reactor (chemostat). The results demonstrate that Metallogenium sp. grows under simulated lake water conditions in the laboratory. Metallogenium reacted in the chemostat in the same way as a microorganism. The growth rates of the microorganism Metallogenium were determined. It can be concluded therefore that the maximal growth rate at a temperature of 15 °C was 0.7 d⁻¹.  相似文献   

四川则木河断裂带微断层地貌的地形测量和走滑速率的估算(英文)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

何宏林  宋方敏  李传友 《地震地质》1999,21(4):361-369

则木河断裂带南北分别与安宁河断裂带和小江断裂带相接,自中更新世复活以来,以左旋走滑为主,并成为一条重要的地震断层。据TL和ESR 测年分析,则木河谷地广泛存在的最低一级冲积扇为10 000 ～15 000 年以来形成。切割这些冲积扇的冲沟被则木河断裂带错断,其发生时间与冲积扇相当或者更新,平均位移值测量为86m 。据此计算,则木河断裂带晚更新世以来的平均走滑速率为5-8 ～8-6m m/a  相似文献   

用不完整的地震资料估计地震矩年变化率          下载免费PDF全文

邵辉成  杜兴信  金学申 《地震地质》1999,21(4):406-410

在充分考虑现有地震资料的不完备性和震级服从两端截去泊松分布的条件下,建立了用历史地震资料和现代地震资料及考古地震资料计算地震矩年变化率的方法。计算了西南地区几个地震带的地震矩年变化率,并与地质资料得到的结果进行了比较,结果表明该方法是切实可行的  相似文献   

机载雷达定量测雨中雨滴谱参数的优化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

窦贤康 Amaye.  P 《应用气象学报》1999,10(3):293-298

机载雷达可以方便地跟踪观测对象,并且可以观测某些地基雷达较难观测的区域（如海洋）,因此近年来在大气遥感领域得到越来越广泛的应用。为了获得一个较好的地面分辨率,机载雷达使用X波段的衰减频率。虽然雷达波受到的衰减通过算法可以进行订正,但由于雨滴谱的范围较宽,使得利用Z-R或k-R经验公式来确定雨强仍具有较大的不确定性。该文应用在西太平洋进行的国际大型科学考察实验TOGA/COARE中1993年1月和2月间取得的机载雷达实测数据进行定量测雨中雨滴谱参数优化的尝试。  相似文献   

水稻旱育抛秧生长发育的动态模拟模型   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

李湘阁  何海燕  景元书  顾显跃 《南京气象学院学报》1999,22(4):587-595

通过分期播种田间试验资料,建立水稻旱育抛秧生长发育的动态模拟模型,包括叶面积发展,光合作用,呼吸作用,干物质积累与分配等。重点探讨叶面积发展与温度的关系,光合作用简化算法,净光含量的求算,分配系数随发育期的变化等。  相似文献   

内蒙古固阳福顺店渣尔泰山群增隆昌组的风暴沉积特征     

李海珍 《沉积与特提斯地质》1999,19(6):49-52

本文着重叙述了渣尔泰山群增隆昌组的沉积特征和沉积相序特征 ,并对其成因进行了分析 ,区内的增隆昌组白云岩为一风暴沉积相序 ,该相序的发现对进一步研究渣尔泰山群的沉积环境及古地理特征具有一定意义。  相似文献