碳同位素动力学模拟及其在天然气评价中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李贤庆  肖贤明田辉 TANG Yong-chun方家虎  周强 《地学前缘》2005,12(4):543-550

天然气碳同位素动力学模拟是国际油气地球化学界的前沿性研究方向。它和盆地沉积埋藏史、受热史结合起来,对于评价天然气的成因和成藏历史是一种新而且有效的手段,正逐渐为人们所接受。介绍了天然气形成的碳同位素动力学模拟,以及其在评价天然气的成熟度、气源、运移-聚集史和油气比研究等方面应用的新进展,充分展示了其具有良好的应用价值。天然气碳同位素特征不仅受母源、成熟度的影响,而且与运聚条件、沉积盆地增温速率有关。瞬时聚集气与累积聚集气在碳同位素特征存在明显差别。碳同位素分馏动力学模型在不同含油气盆地会存在差异,不仅取决于气源条件,还与运移-聚集史、沉积-构造史有关。中国叠合型盆地天然气藏成因复杂,具有多期、多源的特点,本研究对这类天然气的研究与评价提供了新思路。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地氦同位素的特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

戴金星  李剑  侯路 《高校地质学报》2005,11(4):473-478

鄂尔多斯盆地是中国最稳定的含油气盆地,也是我国发现1000×108m3以上大气田最多的盆地。根据46个气样氦同位素分析,3He／4He为3．1×10-8-1．2×10-7,平均为4．36×10-8,R／Ra值为0．022-0．085,是壳源氦的特征。鄂尔多斯盆地3He／4He和R／Ra值不受天然气的成因类型、气的产状及气的原生性与后生改造的影响。R／ Ra值定量说明鄂尔多斯盆地构造上极稳定。  相似文献   

会泽铅锌矿床的成矿流体来源:来自水-岩反应的证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张振亮  黄智龙  饶冰  管涛  严再飞 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2005,35(5):587-592

系统地研究了脉石矿物方解石中流体包裹体特征及矿床的水-岩反应条件.研究结果表明,该矿床的形成与中低温热液与中高温热液的混合有关;成矿流体的H、O同位素组成在不同矿体中没有明显的差别,流体形成前曾存在流体的均一化作用;成矿流体的形成是地层循环水与变质水、岩浆水在流体储库中充分混合的结果.因此,成矿流体具有多源性.  相似文献   

An evaluation of the genesis and suitability of groundwater for irrigation in the Volta Region,Ghana   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bruce Banoeng-Yakubo  Sandow Mark Yidana  Emmanuel Nti 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(5):1005-1010

Stable isotope data and concentrations of the major cations and anions of groundwater from the northern part of the Volta Region, Ghana, were used to determine the source of recharge and the suitability of groundwater in the area for irrigation. This study finds that the delta deuterium (δD) and delta Oxygen-18 (δ¹⁸O) data from the area fall along the global meteoric water line (GMWL). An equation of regression derived for the relationship between δD and δ¹⁸O bears very close semblance to the equation which describes the GMWL. On the basis of this, groundwater in the study area is probably meteoric and fresh. The apparently low salinities and sodicities of the groundwater seem to support this interpretation. The suitability of groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes is related to its source, which determines its constitution. A plot of the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and electrical conductivity (EC) data on a semilog axis, suggests that groundwater serves good irrigation quality in the area. Sixty percent (60%), 20% and 20% of the 67 data points used in this study fall within the medium salinity–low sodicity (C2–S1), low salinity–low sodicity (C1–S1) and high salinity–low sodicity (C3–S1) fields, which ascribe good irrigation quality to groundwater from this area. Salinities range from 28.1 to 1,956 μS/cm, whilst SAR values fall within the range 0–3. Extremely low sodicity waters of this kind, with salinities lower than 600 μS/cm, have the tendency to affect the dispersive properties of irrigation soils when used for irrigation. About 50% of the groundwater in the study area fall within this category and need prior treatment before usage.  相似文献   

Geochemistry and potential use of groundwater in the Rocca Busambra area (Sicily, Italy)     

M. Fontana  F. Grassa  G. Cusimano  R. Favara  S. Hauser  C. Scaletta 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(4):885-898

In the Rocca Busambra area (mid-west Sicily, Italy), from November 1999 to July 2002, 23 water points including wells and springs were sampled and studied for their chemical and isotopic compositions. Two rain gauges were also installed at different altitudes, and rainwater was collected monthly to determine the isotopic composition. The obtained results revealed the Rocca Busambra carbonate complex as being the main recharge area on account of its high permeability value. From a chemical view point, two main groups of water can be distinguished: calcium–magnesium–bicarbonate-type and calcium–magnesium–chloride–sulphate-type waters. The first group reflects the dissolution of the carbonate rocks; the second group probably originates from circulation within flyschoid sediments. Three water wells differ from the other samples due to their relatively high Na and K content, which probably is to be referred to a marked interaction with the “Calcareniti di Corleone” formation, which is rich in glauconite [(K, Na)(Fe³⁺, Al, Mg)₂(Si, Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂]. In accordance with WHO guidelines for drinking water (2004), almost all the samples collected can be considered drinkable, with the exception of four of them, whose NO₃ ⁻, F⁻ and Na⁺ contents exceed the limits. On the contrary, the sampled groundwater studied is basically suitable for irrigation.  相似文献   

湖泊沉积有机质的地球化学记录与古气候古环境重建   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

卢粤晗  孙永革  翁焕新 《地球化学》2004,33(1):20-28

与深海沉积与冰芯记录相比,湖泊沉积主要反映区域气候变迁史,可以揭示百年、甚至十年尺度的古气候事件,是高分辨率古环境、古气候重建的理想场所.传统的地质地球化学方法主要侧重于宏观物理 /化学特性描述和孢粉学的研究,近 10年来,沉积有机质分子碳、氢同位素地球化学技术的渗入,使研究工作从传统的宏观、微观层次向分子级水平发展,对诸如古生产率估算、C3/C4植被演替史、古二氧化碳分压及古温度计算等深层次问题解决提供了强有力支持.本文评述了湖泊沉积有机质分子与碳、氢同位素地球化学记录及其在区域古环境、古气候研究中的应用前景.  相似文献   

化学与稳定同位素指纹示踪原油类污染:以广东南海两次小型溢油事件为例   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

彭先芝  刘向  叶兆贤  吴建勋  张干 《地球化学》2004,33(3):317-323

化学和稳定同位素指纹是目前国际上用于示踪石油类污染来源及其环境命运的有效技术。通过气相色谱-质谱(GC—MS)分析可疑重油与被污染水体及植物表面污染物的饱和烃和芳烃分布以及生物标志化合物姥姣烷、植烷、“不可分辨的混合物”(UCM)等化学指纹特征,对比可疑重油与被污染水体表面漂浮重油的沥青质同位素组成,追踪了发生在广东省南海市的两次小型重油泄漏事件。结果揭示,2002年10月16日晚发生的污染事件源于某饲料公司锅炉房的重油泄漏;而2002年10月25日的泄漏事故则是某加油站重油渗漏所致。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地西部第三系咸水湖相原油地球化学特征   总被引：30，自引：2，他引：28       下载免费PDF全文

朱扬明  苏爱国  梁狄刚  程克明  彭德华 《地质科学》2004,39(4):475-485

在系统分析柴达木盆地西部各油田40余个原油样品碳同位素和饱和烃、芳烃组成的基础上,全面剖析了该地区第三系湖相原油的地球化学特征.研究结果表明,这些原油具有特殊的碳同位素组成和异常的生物标志物分布.其全油碳同位素偏重(-26‰～-24‰);正构烷烃系列单体烃碳同位素分布曲线呈水平状,表现出类同于海相有机质的碳同位素组成特征.它们的生物标志物中正烷烃系列兼具奇碳和偶碳优势双重碳数分布模式;呈强植烷优势,Pr/Ph值大多<0.6;伽玛蜡烷普遍异常丰富,C35藿烷含量高,表征高盐、厌氧的咸水湖相沉积环境性质.芳烃组份以萘、菲系列为主,而二苯并噻吩等含硫有机化合物相对含量较低,反映该地区咸水湖相原油源岩沉积相的特殊性.柴西各油田原油地球化学参数在区域上呈规律性变化趋势,与其源岩沉积相的时空变迁相一致.  相似文献   

Developmental energetics of the southern pigfish (Teleostei: Congiopodidae)     

D. A. Robertson 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):611-620

The embryonic wet weight, dry weight, yolk volume, energy content, and oxygen consumption of the southern pigfish Congiopodus leucopaecilus (Richardson, 1846) were followed from fertilisation to yolk sac absorption, at 11.5°c and salinity of 34.5%6. Measurements of yolk energy and catabolic energy changes did not show any evidence of an energy deficit before the onset of feeding capability.  相似文献   

Breeding in the freshwater crayfish paranephrops planifrons white   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

C. L. Hopkins 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):51-58

The breeding cycle of female Paranephrops planifrons is described. The incubation of eggs and young takes place between April and December and covers about 25–26 weeks. The winter population contains some apparently adult females which do not breed. The number of eggs laid increases with the size of the parent, and in the population studied varied from some 20 to 30 eggs at 17 mm carapace length to 150 eggs at 30 mm carapace length. After hatching the young pass through two moults while still attached to the parent.  相似文献